The kweropa nyika amphibians, crustaceans uye nezvinokambaira

Munyaya ino ndinoda kuona chii kweropa negadziriro amphibians zvakasiyana nezvinoitwa crustaceans uye zvinokambaira (nezvinokambaira). The vamiririri makirasi aya akafanana nenzira dzakawanda, asi kusiyana vachiri varipo, uye dzimwe nguva, uye kwete diki. Saka, vanenge mashoko ose.

Chekutanga zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti namahwindo kweropa nyika amphibians. Two-chambered mwoyo chete bezlegochnye salamanders, vamwe ndiro-kamuri matatu. Amphibians kweropa hurongwa inoumbwa maviri kuparadzirwa: huru neduku. Kuvapo rechipiri denderedzwa iri chokuita panowanikwa mhuka idzi pulmonary afemeruke. Mwoyo ine mbiri atria uye ventricle. Panyaya iyi, ropa riri atria yakasiyana: akarurama - hwakakanyiwa zvakawanda venous, uye kuruboshwe - arterial. Wall vane intraventricular chimiro pleats kuti kutadzisa vaiitawo pamusoro venous uye arterial ropa. Infundibulum, tichisiya ventricle, akapa vane helical vharafu. Panyaya arteries, paganda, zvemapapu basa chokufambisa rimwe venous ropa kusvikira ganda uye nyore; hope - kupa imwe arterial ropa rokumusoro muviri, zvinganaka - musoro; uye kutsemuka Arch zvakavhenganiswa ropa riri kune miviri yasara. Small (kana pulmonary) denderedzwa kunotanga dermatological uye pulmonary tsinga. Ropa ipapo vafumiswa pamwe okisijeni, inounganidzwa mu peya pulmonary mutsinga izvo chinhu muruoko atrium kuruboshwe. The arcs yacho yeropa uye carotid arteries, izvo riri mapazi uye munyama, anobvawo kutenderera. Venous ropa ruchiyerera napakati mutsinga ane negomba pamberi peya uye unpaired mukaha musana, akarurama atrium. Kuburikidza kumberi vena cava pano uyewo chinozadzwa oxidized paganda ropa, panhau iyi, ari kurudyi atrium iri zvakasiyana. Izvi imhaka pamberi uye maitiro vakavhengana ropa amphibians vane pasi azvipire metabolic kwendangariro. The muviri tembiricha kuti unochinja uye kunoenderana kuti kwezvakatipoteredza. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mhuka ine utsinye.

The kweropa Hurongwa akafanana nezvinokambaira amphibians, asi zvakadaro zviri zvakawanda dzakashandisa munhu pano mararamiro. Panguva mwoyo nezvinokambaira ine atria maviri, izvo kuzarura kupinda ventricle. The mhango chino chouprofita mwoyo inokamukana kukwana partition (chete kunze ndivo nemakarwe). Ndokusaka ropa, iro chinobva atria aoma miscible. Infundibulum mu zvinokambaira ipfupi chose. Vaviri kutsemuka chematenga uye pulmonary tsinga oga dzichitanga cardiac ventricle. In yayo kuruboshwe hafu zvinobva zvakanaka kutsemuka yokufeva, izvo anotakura arterial ropa kusvikira musoro, uyewo vari forelimbs. In pakati ventricle kuruboshwe kunotanga kutsemuka Arch zvakasanganiswa neropa. Arc zvakabatana muna dorsal yeropa uye arteries branching payo zviri yakavhenganiswa ropa nedzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Uye zvikuru nomuti okisijeni, kusiyana amphibians Somuenzaniso.

Kusiyana amphibians uye zvinokambaira, crustaceans unclosed kweropa hurongwa. Chinogona kunzi kwazvo chinyakare dzinopfuura zvose makirasi yacho. Ropa racho ndiro kurova kwomwoyo, iyo anoiswa pedyo gills. Zvazvakadaro, midziyo ropa varipo chete yepamusoro crustaceans, uye vamwe ropa runoyerera pachena muna in akapoteredza zvomukati. Kazhinji, ichiputswa chaiwo kufema pigments, vanobatsira kusunga zvakawanda oxygen.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kweropa mamiriro amphibians anopindura ane zvenguva nzvimbo pakati kwevanyori crustaceans uye nezvinokambaira. Zvinokambaira vari vazhinji dzakashandisa akasiyana ezvinhu oupenyu, uye ichi rinokosha kuridzwa neropa nerubatsiro muviri.