TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov": marongerwo uye tarisiro

TAVKR "Admiral of Fleet Soviet Union Kuznetsov" - chete rinoita kreyserny keriya rinorema ndege iri Kuronga ano Navy Fleet. Chinangwa charo chikuru - kubviswa hombe pamusoro huru, kudzivirira mugungwa fleets uye kudzivirirwa kubva vanonzi muvengi nechisimba. Ngarava zita pashure N. G. Kuznetsova, Admiral of Fleet of USSR. Kuvaka ngarawa kwakaitika Nikolaev, panguva shipyard muna Chernomorsk, zvino chikamu zvizere yakatarwa pakati Northern Fleet. Ngarava ingavakirwa ndege third-29K, mapoka SU-25, SU-33 uye helicopters Modifications Ka-27/29 / 52K.

patani

Pamasikiro TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" kwakatangwa muna 1978 pasi kutungamirirwa pcb kubva Leningrad.

Kune akawanda chirongwa kuitika, zvakazoita tuso pakuvaka zvikepe kana akaramba ari muchimiro mienzaniso yokunyora nokudhirowa:

• Project 1153. Musha akaronga chikepe rakagadzirirwa 00 kusvika 70 matani, zvakanzi vaifungidzira simba zvombo midziyo (kunze huru boka avhiyesheni).
• № 1143 M. The vakaronga placement ari ngarawa supersonic Yak-41 wehunyambiri kutora-kure.
• A kumumvuri kuti 1143. Rine zvakafanana ne mutakuri ndege rapfuura design, asi ane misha guru (wechina inotakura ndege, yakavakwa muSoviet Union).
• Project keriya 1143,5 rinorema ndege "Admiral Kuznetsov" - mukuru-simba, wechishanu uye wokupedzisira Soviet-akavaka keriya ndege chikepe.

Final hwokugadzira mapepa rakagadzirwa ne mid-1980 kwasara kuvaka raifanira kupedzwa muna 1990. Zvisinei, nguva makurukuriro uye nokutumwa kunoramba zvava nezvikonzero zvakasiyana.

Tanga asika

Mukutanga kwegore ra1981 Shipbuilding Plant muna Nikolayev anowana zvakaoma-yakahwina chinhu kuti pakuvaka sevatsvaki vemapuranga matsva. Zvisinei, mumatsutso chete gore negore zvinokosha kuwedzererwa uye kuchinja dzinoitwa kuti chirongwa, chikuru chiri kuwedzera misha iri mudziyo pa zviuru 10 matani.

The zvichiguma Kukosha indekisi ichi chaiva 67 000 t Uyezve, zvinotevera kuchinja STRUCTURAL vakaitwa .:

• mungarava aifanira vakagadzirira pakagadzwa RCC "Granite".
• Paiva kudiwa kuwedzera mhepo boka anosvika 50 michina.
• A kuchinja ndechokuti kushanda ndege raifanira kuitwa pasina catapult ne the-kusvetuka yasimuka. nemaonero Izvi akaderedza mutengo kuvakwa uye zvakare mazhinji upenyu basa mutakuri ndege.

okugadziridza kuvandudzika

TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" pakupedzisira modeled kusvikira 1982. Zvino zvakaitika September, muguta Nikolayev shipyards. Pakutanga, ngarava ainzi "Riga", vaviri pashure pemwedzi Yakazopiwa zita rokuti kuti "Leonid Brezhnev". Panozopera gore pamusoro ngarawa nokuda Purogiramu yakazara rakanga kugadzwa chivakwa chinhu chinogumbura wokutanga. The chikepe pacharo (kokutanga munhoroondo Soviet Union) painyanya zvachose zviviri dhazeni nechigumbuso mazano.

Jira rimwe nerimwe nechigumbuso TAVKR pr. 11435 "Admiral Kuznetsov" oda 32 metres ane kukwirira 13 m. Vanobudisa neimwe ichocho akaenzana 1.5-1.7 zviuru. Matani. Superstructure huru keriya ndege akaitawo pamusoro modular hurongwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ngarava yakadaro, ane unoenderana wedzerai nezvinhu, zviridzwa nezvimwewo zvinogona kuvakwa makore mana chete, kwaizova nemhedziso chinyorwa. Zvisinei, sokunonoka vane bhizimisi uye kunonoka nokushanda chirimwa kwakaita zvisingakoshi kunonoka munhanganyaya ari mudziyo ichishanda.

Installation onboard midziyo

Mutakuri ndege kwakatangwa mumatanda pakupera 1985 gore. Misa pokugara uye yakaiswa ezvirevo asingaiti pfuura 32 000 matani. Developers kunge Zvinofungidzirwa chido mu / h 20506 keriya rinorema ndege "Admiral Kuznetsov" by 39%.

gore rinouya nokuti National akaendesa ndiyewo kwete pasina kuchinja. New Designer P. Sokolov akaita zvinhu uye pakati 87th achiri konekwa kusvikira pakuguma chikepe Yakazopiwa zita rokuti zvakare. Zvino ava "Tbilisi". takazvigadzira chikamu muzana chakawedzera kusvika 60%. Sokunonoka kubva bhizimisi havabvumirwi nokukurumidza kupedza kuvaka, 70% -s akagadzirira akanga kubudirira chete pakazopera 1989

Mari keriya inorema ndege "Admiral Kuznetsov" panguva iyoyo yakanga rubles vanopfuura manomwe mamiriyoni zana. Nokukurumidza zvakachinja mukuru mugadziri zvakare, akava L. Belov. The chikuru zvigadzirwa rwendo michina yave kuiswa pa mana uye makore nehafu pashure wava, ngarava akagadzirira yaiva 80%.

Hike mugungwa

chiitiko ichi chakaitika October 20, 1989 Panguva iyoyo, mutakuri ndege yakanga vatogadzirira, kunze pasina avhiyesheni boka. Anofambisa rwakatora kupfuura mwedzi, ndiye atova rokutanga November ichi kutongwa chakasimwa third-29 uye Su-27 akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze chete gore.

Fully zvombo uye redhiyo enyika mu / h 20506 keriya rinorema ndege "Admiral Kuznetsov" yakatangwa chete muna 1990 (zvachose nokugadzirira yairema anenge 90%). Panguva iyoyo penguva yakabereka nemiedzo gungwa chikepe. In pakati kwematsutso chikepe akagamuchira chokupedzisira zita pasi iro anofamba ikozvino.

In padariro wokutanga kuedza mutakuri ndege vakazvimiririra nyanzvi anopfuura zviuru 16 mamaira. With runways chikepe ndege yaibereka sorties anenge mazana mashanu. All achiwana ngarawa zvaitwa pasina mauto atonge kuti kutanga bvunzo midziyo - shasha mugumisiro.

miedzo okutanga zvakapedzwa pakupera 1990. Kupfuura gore vakapfuura yokupedzisira padariro wehurumende yepamusoro kuzvidzora, pashure iyo chikepe akanzi kuNorthern Fleet.

Technical zvinhu

Sechikamu uriri uye uta trampoline chaiwo fairings vakatasva. Huripo ndege nechepamusoro ane mutakuri ndege tave nekugamuchirwa anosimudza, rimwe nerimwe achikwanisa kukunda matani 40. Uriri upamhi 67 mamita. Kureba ngarawa vakaenzana anenge 305 metres, mwero deposits ayo - 10.5 m.

Zvinechinangwa kushandiswa kumhara ndege uriri mugove 250 uye kureba 26 mamita paupamhi. It ane pamateru rworwendo nomwe. Hangaiwa chikuru kutanga-up zvisungo.

Engines vane TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" bhaira uye turbine, chetyrehvalnye pamwe emagetsi simba uye Diesel emagetsi. Sezvo propulsor protrude screws mana (nerimwe rine 5 mashizha). Kuderedza navi havukavu ndiyo 29 change (55 km / h). The zvionera kufamba ngarawa anogona kutakura mwedzi mitanhatu. The vashandi - anenge zviuru zviviri vanhu.

nezvombo

Pazasi pane kurwa zvokuchenesa uye mukana ane mutakuri ndege:

• Navigation maitiro - "Beysur".
• Radar - "Mars-Passat", "Fregat-MA", "anokurukura", "Vaigach".
• Achishandisa zvemagetsi mhando - CICS "aitema huni" SJC "polynomial", "Nyeredzi" yakaoma "Buran-2", "renyeredzi - BR";
• Anti-ndege zvombo - 6 × 6 AK-630 (48 zviuru zvokuyamura.)
• Rockets - PU SCRC "Granite", "Dirk", "Dagger";
• Antisubmarine zvombo (60 mabhomba) - RBU-12000;
• Group Aviation - mashanu inokwana zviyero (helicopters uye ndege).

kwezvose

Kuti tinzwisise ukuru ngarawa, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kukwirira ake akafanana 27-storeyed imba. Inside zvinonzi akashongedzerwa kusvika zviuru zvina makamuri siyana. Paivakwa rakachengetedzwa apedzera 4000 makiromita ane waya, 12,000 makiromita ane pombi akasiyana diameters uye functionality. Vamwe inonaya muchikepe, pane zvidimbu vanenge makumi mashanu. Hanga up mhando (153 * 26 * 7.2 metres) rinokwana kugara boka 70 muzana mhepo. Underwater kudzivirira STRUCTURAL chinosanganisira dzokurwa longitudinal masvingo, ayo udzamu - anenge mashanu mamita.

Modern kunyatsoongorora basa 1143,5

Viewed chikepe anogona zvakachengeteka kunzi dzakazara keriya ndege. Zvisinei, havasi vose saka zvakanaka chete zvinoyangarara kuvaka-refu. Vazhinji nguva anopedza rokugadzirisa nechiteshi chengarava.

Nouchapupu hakusi kuti afoot. kubva mugungwa kunowanzoguma kunosiyana madhigirii zviitiko zvinoshamisa. Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti kufamba ose refu ngarawa anoenda pamwe Tug. The kuchangobva kuwana kuGungwa reMediterranean - mumwe chisimbiso.

Vazhinji achimirira rinorema akaendesa ndege "Admiral Kuznetsov" kana kuenda kuSiriya. Uye kwete saka kare zvaitika. Zvechokwadi, kwete pasina matambudziko ayo, asi chikepe achiri akakunda nzira ikoko uye shure. Mumakore maviri akatevera zviri aronga rinotevera chikuru overhaul yacho ngarawa.