EW kunzwisisa "Khibiny": zvinoreva michina. EW "Khibiny" - chii?

Modern muchiuto Michina Handingambofungi pasina widest zvaibvira kushandiswa zvigadzirwa michina. Radars, radars, nhungamiro zvinoreva nechinangwa ... Zvose izvi muhondo ano kunokosha zvikuru. Hazvishamisi, mudzimba mainjiniya vagara akaedza kuva nzira inobudirira kudzvinyirira redhiyo zvinogona muvengi. Kwakadaro kwakanga REB "Khibiny".

chikuru mashoko

Mixed-kushandiswa yakaoma, rakagadzirirwa kuisa pamusoro ndege michina, akanga mune R & D "Khibiny" muna Kaluga. mugadziri mukuru akagadzwa unyanzvi injiniya Aleksandr Semenovich Yampolsky.

Mune USSR mumunda basa jamming chokutanga nangananga tsvakurudzo rakatanga muna 1977. Nechekare muna 1984, basa kwakaguma pakusikwa wokutanga yemagetsi hondo hurongwa "Khibiny", iro rakatanga vakasikwa zvakananga kuti kugadzwa pachigaro Su-34 ndege. Muna 1990, nguva pfupi asati pokuwa SSSSR, okutanga mhando kare vakapfuura kugamuchirwa nemiedzo mukati zvikuru akasikwa mamiriro basa. Pasinei pokuwa ehurumende uye zvose zvinetso mushandi, kubva pakati '90s zvakanga zvapera midziyo kukura zvakaoma.

Chii kwakunoitwa EW "Khibiny"? Its chikuru basa - kudzivirira ndege achishandisa chombo uye zvitundumuseremusere "mhepo-mhepo", iro rinogona kushandiswa muvengi vezvikepe. Musimboti nezvaaizoita - chinovhiringidza pamusoro homing izvi zvombo hurongwa nokuzvisarudzira jamming.

bvunzo

miedzo yavo vakanga yaizotongwa kuguma 1995. State vachiongorora mimwe vakanga pasi substantially dzakachinjwa, umo zvinokanganiswa dzakawanda dzekare mhando vave wagadzirirwa. Pasinei neizvi, vamwe utera vave kuzivikanwa panguva ino. Uye saka yokupedzisira vakapoteredza yokuedzwa kwakatangwa chete pakupera August 1997. Muchirimo 2004 EW "Khibiny" pakupedzisira nevamwe yokuRussia Air Force, kubatana chombo hurongwa nokuda Su-34.

Muna August 2013 nayo gwaro rinokosha chibvumirano, pasi izvo mudzimba emakambani zvichabviswa vakagadzirira pamwe midziyo anongoda zvose mienzaniso ndege yacho Su-34 uye dzimwe ivhu kuti zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvinogona kutora pamusoro zvombo zvakadaro mugungwa. The inofungidzirwa Huwandu basa - zvinopfuura hafu bhiriyoni rubles. Zvinofungirwa kuti mune ramangwana zvakaoma EW "Khibiny" akatasva ari Su-30M uye michina zvakafanana.

History prototypes

Sechivako okutanga prototypes zvaisanganisira chikwata basa nekuchengeta iyezvino frequencies inoshandiswa (Model TS). Zvayakaita, pane ikarapwa upgraded namatombo digitaalinen kunonoka Chip chiratidzo "A". In misa iyi yaishandiswa achangobuda zvinoumba munhu "muchitokisi" dzakatevedzana. Kubvira 1984, zvinoumba aya "Khibiny" mune imwe yoga research Kudya, sezvo bhuku basa rakanga yakakurisa kuti chete kambani. Nokufamba chiratidzo kunonoka mutsetse kwave upgraded kuti 'A-M. "

Kushanda vamiririri Sukhoi Design Bureau

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti wokutanga mharidzo rehurumende kuti inopindirana zvakakwana zvekushandisa basa, anongoti hakukodzeri ari nezvikamu zviri ndege. Kudzivisa blunders dzakadaro mune ramangwana, vagadziri vakatanga batsira pamwe chete Sukhoi Design Bureau ari chemhando chechetere. Zvino basa rose "Hibino" akanga inotungamirwa V. V. Kryuchkov.

kutanga vols

Muna 1990, yokutanga "kutiza" mharidzo akapfuura nzendo dzose kugamuchirwa cheHurumende, achikudzwa pamutemo yakanakira kuisa pamusoro kuhondo ndege, wakashanda kubudikidza Soviet Air Force. Chechipiri yakatarwa yakanga yakagadzirwa uchikumbira kuisa mu inoshandisa dzidziso mugaba L-175B uye akagadzirirwa chete installation pamusoro zhinji yokutevedzera evadzimi uye mhuri Su. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ndege ine midziyo iyi mungarava rokutanga ndege kwakaitika muna 1995.

Saka akatanga Danho rokutanga wokupedzisira kugamuchirwa nemiedzo. Nechekare muna 1997, Ramenskoye Su-34 pamwe L-175B akagadza mudziyo uye zvinobudirira nendege kure uye kunze ose bvunzo zvinhu, idzo dzave kuisa pamberi vagadziri dzakaoma.

Pasina nguva zvakava pachena kuti yakaoma mamiriro munyika upfumi haabvi vawedzere kugadzirwa Su-34 itsva yakakwana kwazvo uye pachavo midziyo L-175B hakusi nyore kutakura zvemagetsi hondo yakaoma. Panguva iyoyo kwakatanga kuva itsva shanduro "Khibiny" kuchengetedza ane boka rose ndege. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti nadzurudzo iyi iri zvakaoma richashandiswa nemapoka Ndege uye varwi rwokufamba echelon viomak kuchengeteka.

The namaapuro zhinji zvinhu kwave zvikuru nyore, izvo kuderedza mari yose kunzwisisa. Panguva ino nguva EW akapinda mumidziyo U1 uye U2. The peculiarity pamusoro utsanzi kwakadaro ndechokuti kwavo uchishandisa maitikiro kunoenderana chose pamwe chete "Khibiny". Kutaura zvazviri, aiva mukuru simba zvinotakura anogona kuwedzera simba nechigadziko zvakaoma kushandiswa kwete chete, asi kunyange chipfuro izita.

Other midziyo

In yechipiri vaviri vaiva midziyo womuenzaniso SH1 uye W0. Ndizvo vane redhiyo kakawanda siyana, zvinoshamisa rakasiyana "Khibiny" huru kunzwisisa. Vanoshandisa imwe zvachose rakasiyana vabereki kudzora pfungwa uye saka anogona kushandiswa pakugadzira mumwe jammer, rikurumidze mhando. Zvichida, pashure kubatanidzwa zvose zviitiko mumunda uyu uye kuva zvigadzirwa zvehondo "Khibiny" ML-265 akasikwa.

In nadzurudzo iyi, pane mukana kushandisa zvakaoma zvavo pasina mumidziyo. Nokudaro, Su-35 midziyo iri revatema zvakananga kupinda airframe. Mukuita rakasikwa muenzaniso idzva, "Khibiny-60", zvikuru kushandiswa Zvakarurama kwemasvomhu Modelling, ichiita yakakwirira yakarurama kufanotaura maitiro zvakaoma nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuhondo ezvinhu, kunyange akanyanyisa. Nenzira, ndiye nzira yakashandiswa zvishoma apfuura, pakuitika rakasikwa kunzwisisa KS418.

The Kuronga "Khibiny"

Saka, chii zvinosanganisira EW hurongwa "Khibiny"? Heano dzayo zvinokosha midziyo:

• The "mwoyo" pakati zvakaoma ndiye RER "Proran" kana ayo dzomuzana kupfuura ano, vakawanda kuti mashoko Classified.
• The inokosha Hurongwa yokugadza jamming "Regatta". Ungangove, Pari kushandiswa zvakawanda dzomuzana ano uye akaoma. midziyo iyi inogona iri mugaba, uye yakaiswa zvakananga kupinda airframe.
• Sezvatakamboreva, EW "Khibiny" rinorevawo ichisanganisira midziyo yakagadzirirwa pagadzirwe basa dzevamhan'ari kudzivirira vezvikwata ndege. Akatasva mugaba. Chaiwo nokurondedzerwa vasingazivikanwi.
• Unit kuchengeta chaiwo kwenguva. TS womuenzaniso.
• Pakupedzisira, tinofanira kushandisa makombiyuta hurongwa mukuru simba kadambari, uye wayo chaiwo unhu kuramba munhu chakavanzika.

Kana mari iri mhando zvombo, vachimuenzanisa 2014 mutengo yakatarwa haidereri pane mamiriyoni 123 rubles.

Technical zvechadenga zvakaoma

Funga huru hwokugadzira zvinoitwa hwezuva kunzwisisa chiri mukati mugaba. Kazhinji, mutsetse uyu anoshandisa mutana asi zvakanaka nekusimba L-175B / L-265:

• kureba - 4.95 M;
• dhayamita - masendimita 35;
• uremu - makirogiramu 300.

Field zvesimba jamming

• The mberi uye neshure hemispheres bindepinde kwemauto ndiyo +/- 45 inegumi.
• Midziyo ELINT anogona kushanda zvakanaka panguva kakawanda 1,2 ... 40 GHz.
• The chaizvo jamming hurongwa ukashanda dzimwe frequencies of 4 ... 18 GHz.
• The uchishandisa kakawanda zvakaoma kufukidza kutiza yeimwe - 1 ... 4 GHz.
• Total simba kunwa ndiyo 3600 watts or.

Basic matanho kusika dzakaoma

• The kumumvuri chokutanga "Proran". Panguva iyi, zvinonzi kuva siyana zvigadzirwa njere.
• "Regatta". Panyaya iyi, mainjiniya vakashanda zvakananga pakusikwa zvokushandisa, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa pakugadzira basa chipingaidzo.
• Pakupedzisira, chiteshi pacharo EW "Khibiny" akasikwa, yakanga yaunganidzwa tichibatanidza "Proran" uye "regatta".
• Development uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu muenzaniso "Hibiny-10b." Izvi nadzurudzo inokosha chakagadzirirwa kuiswa pa ndege T-10b / Su-34.
• KC-418E dzakaoma. Yakagadzirwa kushongedzera ekisipoti Su-24MK / Su-24MK2. Zviripachena, pakupedzisira kwokunatsiridzwa muenzaniso haisati yapera uye ave nhasi.

Modern neshanduro dzakaoma

• "Khibiny-M10 / M6".
• Dikidiki "Khibiny-60."
• "Container" kunzwisisa kuti L-265 / L-265M10. Exclusive shanduro, iyo pari chete kushandiswa pamusoro Su-35 ndege.
• Most dzakachinjwa uye vakanatswa shanduro "Khibiny-U". Wakatanga kuratidzwa panguva mhepo anoratidza MAKS-2013. Zvinozivikanwa kuti panguva iyoyo chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa kugomo zvakaoma pamusoro zvose mumhuri ndege tactical avhiyesheni. Zvino zvikazikamwa kuti zvemagetsi achaitwa re pamusoro Su-30cm.
• The zvemberi womuenzaniso, "Tarantula". kukura kwayo uye kushandiswa Munenge hapana anozivikanwa.

Izvo ndege anoshandiswa sechinhu mutakuri?

Sezvaunogona kuona kubva nyaya, chikuru vatakuri ndege iyi mhando midziyo - Products Sukhoi. Zvikonzero izvi hatina kare kutaurwa. Saka hapana zvinoshamisa zvinotevera zvawanyora:

• Su-34 anogona kuiswa mudziyo 175B-A / A-175VE, izvo zvinogona kuiswa chero dzakakodzera chinzvimbo EW "Khibiny".
• The Su-35 kazhinji unobereka muenzaniso "M" muNzvimbo A-265.
• Su-30cm akaronga kushongedzera "Khibiny-U" chete.

Kuvhenekwa kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu pedyo muhondo

Pachikuva wokutanga ehurumende nemiedzo, hatina kare kutaurwa. Kana kushandiswa EW "Khibiny" mamiriro achiri? Zvinonzi muna 2000, imwe nguva pashure kurwisa Chechen nemauto muna Afghanistan, the Air Force ari kusora nokushandisa Su-34 kufukidza Su-24 Ndege. Chokwadi, yakaiswa pamusoro Su-24 EW "Khibiny" aigona yekudyidzana zvinowedzera mukana wokurarama izvi ndege muhondo.

Chinonziwo kuti chibvumirano chakanga yakasainwa muna 2013, anopa nerubatsiro hapana asingasviki 92 zvivako muhondo. The Verengai chibvumirano - anenge mabhiriyoni 12 rubles. Ungangove, ndege (haisi kuzivikanwa ndeapi) inofanira vakagadzirira pamwe midziyo kwete paya pane 2020.

Muna April 2014 nemiedzo rwaiitwa pedyo kurwisana. Muchiitiko chino, EW midziyo "Khibiny" akanga zvainanga kudzivirira Su-34. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti vaizova mha zvinogona muvengi ndege, dzaiva basa third-31. Zvakabuda nemiedzo izvi asati akashuma.

"Cook" uye "Khibiny": nyaya yechokwadi kana yokunyepera?

Muna April wegore iroro, paiva nomumwe dzinonakidza nyaya nzvimbo zhinji. Vazhinji vanozvidzora mabhuku akaisa pakarepo mu "Nokufungidzira" chikamu. Akaudzwa pamusoro EW "Khibiny"? "Donald e" ndiro April 12, 2014 kwakaitika pamusoro Crimea zvichipomerwa, akanga "akarwisa" ari Su-24, uye zvokuridzira mungarava "ndokuvhungwa", achibatsirwa zvakaoma. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi nyaya pamwe kugutsikana kwakadaro akakurumidza kubvisa, sezvo zvikazooneka zvinotevera:

• Hungu, "Kuomesa" chaizvoizvo Flied chikepe.
• No basa kwokukakavara havana kutora mativi.
• "Khibiny" pari pamusoro Su-24 haina akaisa (izvi debatable).
• Zvokushandisa mukirasi iyi ingori asingakwanisi kudzvinyirira zvemagetsi haisi zviduku warship.

Saka, isu akatarisa EW "Khibiny". Chii? Kutaura zvazviri, izvi yepamusoro gadziriro zvemagetsi zvehondo, vachibvumira rwisana ndege kuenda kure zvombo muvengi, tichigogodza navo zvaitika nhungamiro hurongwa.