T-72B3 - rudzi rwechikara chei? Technical specifications

Kana zviri zvekuvandudzwa patsva kweT-72, dzakawanda zvenhepfenyuro dzakanzwika mumakore achangobva kupfuura, vamwe vavo vane chido chechokwadi, uye mune imwe nyaya inouya kusvika kune chinangwa chekushungurudza. Uye apo, pakupera kwegore ra2013, sarudzo yakagadzirwa kuramba kutengwa kweT-72B3 nokuda kwezvinodiwa zveuto, mushumo wakabudisa grenade yakaputika.

Inofanira kutaurwa apa kuti chisarudzo ichi chakaitwa pamusana pechiitiko chaicho chekushandiswa kwekushandiswa mune zvikamu umo matangi eT-80 akashandiswa kare. MaTankmen anokosha kudarika basa chaiyo re teknolojia, uye vari kupupurira pachena pamanzwiro e "nyanzvi". Saka, chii chakanaka kana kwete chakanaka pamusoro peT-72B3? Kusiyanisa kubva kumagadziriro akare - mune zvatinoda.

Mabasa eSerdyukov haazokanganwiki ...

Kuronga zvombo zvehondo panguva ino ndiyo chiito chikuru, umo rutivi rumwe norumwe rwunoedza kubvuta chikamu chebatsiro. Heino zvinhu zvinokosha:

• KB vanoedza kutengesa zviitiko zvavo uye kuwana zvipo zvekutsvakurudza mberi.
• Imhizha iyi haina hanya nezvinofanira kuitwa, kana chete paine nguva yakareba yehurongwa hwehurumende uye kune nzira dzekubhadhara vashandi.
• Hondo. Pakutanga, aingoda kuwana michina yakavimbika muzvizhinji zvakakura, asi munguva yaSerdyukov zvinhu zvose zvakachinja zvishoma, kwete zvekunaka.

Zvisinei, zvakakwana manzwi. Tinoda T-72B3. Ndeupi rudzi rwechikara ruchazotanga kupinda mauto edu (chisarudzo gore rino)?

Major Changed Nodes

Ngatitangei pamusoro pezvinyorwa izvi zvakanyatsogadziriswa:

• JMA, yakashandura maitiro ekucherechedza uye chinangwa chinoreva vashandi.
• Itsva redhiyo rekutaurirana.
• Kudzokorora zvombo.
• Kuvandudzwa kwemitemo yekudzima moto.
• Tangi T-72B3 yakagamuchira marimi neRMS itsva.

Ndezvipi zvitsva kumupfuri?

Mune basa rekuona kwemupfuri ndiro chigadzirwa "Pine-U". Pakutanga yakagadzirwa neBelarusian "Peleng". Kwemazuva ano iyo inopiwa nemabhizimisi eVologda. Idzi hukuru hunhu hunotevera:

• Standard optical channel yezuva masikati.
• Imba yefema yeusiku inotarisirwa.
• Standard rangefinder ne laser channel.
• Range finder laser kuti inomiririra paunenge uchitsva ma rockets.
• Kuziva kwematangi evavengi mumamiriro ezuva - kusvika pamakiromita mashanu, usiku - kusvika ku 3.5 km.
• Kugadzikana kwechifananidzo mu ndege mbiri.
• Mikana yekushandisa KVV (iyi ndiyo yakagadzirirwa zvombo zvinotungamirirwa) pakufamba, pasina chikonzero chekumisa mishonga mukurwa.
• Ikoko kune tsvakurudzo yekutsvaga kwechinangwa.
• Anoratidza maitiro ekushanda uye rudzi rwezvombo zvinoshandiswa.
• Ikoko pane zvibvumirano zvinobvumira kugadzirisa panguva yekurwa kwehondo.

Nguva dzisina kunaka

Izvi kuona mumauto edu zvave zvichizivikanwa kwenguva yakareba kare, uye zvakakodzerwa nemhinduro dzakawanda dzakanaka. Pano chete firimu inopisa yakaitwa pamusoro pekambani yeFrance Catherine-FC, kusunungurwa kwayo kunosangana nekambani Tomcon-CSF. Ungakwanisa sei kugadzirira T-72B3 OWT "Burevestnik" ine zvikamu zvinobva kune imwe nyika ine zvematongerwe enyika yakafanana nemhepo ine mhepo iri pasi pemhepo ine simba? Pane mamiriro ezvinhu iyezvino hapana ruzivo rwakananga, asi muna 2014 zvikamu zveFrance zvakaramba zvichiuya ... Mazuva ano zvigadzirwa zvepfuri zvakaitwa chaizvo ... ngatitii, vavakadzi vakaedza kuchengetedza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira:

• Takabudisa kuona zvakanaka kwePNN 1K-13-49 (iyo yaimbova inhengo ye KUV 9K120 "Svir").
• Vanoisa Sosnu pachigaro chisingawaniki.

Kukanganisa kwenzira yakadaro isingazivikanwi yakawanda, uye ose acho akaoma:

• Mutsara wechinangwa uye iyo yakakonzerwa nemugero wekutsvaga yakasununguka zvakasimba maererano nezvinoonekwa, iyo mumunda inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma zvikuru kuti pfuti iitungamirire kazhinji kune chinangwa.
• Zviri pachena, hapana munhu anofunga nezvebasa raipfura, iro rakaita kuti zvive nyore kunyanya kushandisa kuona. Tankmen vanoti izvo zvinowanzoshandiswa zve "Pine" unofanira kusimbisa "kusungira" kurutivi rworuboshwe, panguva imwe chete uchigunzva mushure mako.
• Vhidhiyo yekuona mavhidhiyo yemupfuri akaiswa "pasina", nei mabhizimisi achigara achitsvaga matsva: tankman anongoriputika nebhokisi rake rezasi paanenge achienda mumotokari.
• Pakupedzisira - iyo yakanyanya "inonaka". Icho chinonzi optical unit inodzipfigwa ... ine nheyo yakanaka yesimbi, iyo yakatsvaga (!) Pakarepo neine mabhuti.

Mamiriro okupedzisira emotokari huru yekurwa, iyo ndiyo T-72B3 tangi, inoshandiswa zvizere. Hongu, optics pamatangi emasikati anofanira kuchengetedzwa, asi pamutengo wei? Zvechokwadi, chifukidziro chacho chinogona kutapudzwa nenzira isati yatanga hondo isati yatanga ... Asi hondo iyi ichatanga rini? Kana kuti ma tankmen anofanira kuvhara mabhoti ane kiyi, kusvikira muvengi achibvumirana kuvamirira! Mushure mezvose, pane yose yeVV yemunyika, kuvhura kwezvombo zvekudzivirira zvinowanikwa kure, kubva kumunhu wemhondi. Uye mumatangi emudzimba chisarudzo chakadaro chakashandiswa kakawanda! Chii chakadzivisa kuisa nzira yakadaro pano?

Mhinduro dzakanaka

Nenzira yakanaka, panewo nguva dzakanaka. MuMSA yakasara (yakazara) inonzi TPD-K1, iyo iri chikamu cheAA40, uye yakagadziridza nayo nekudzivirirwa kubva kumarayirasi emvura. Zvichitaura zvishoma, T-72B3 yakagadzirirwa zvinhu zviviri zvinoonekwa panguva imwe chete. Kana kunyange munhu mumwe akakuvara muhondo, tankman acharamba achishandisa wechipiri.

Pamberi pechipfuti chepfuti pakupedzisira chakanga chave chakange chiripo kare kare chaifanira kumira: zvakanyanya kutsetseka sensor uye mhepo dzemuviri (speed and direction). Kubva ikozvino, mupfuri uyu haafaniri kuisa upenyu hwake pangozi, achizorora kubva kune chigamba uye achiita basa reHydrometeorological Center. Nenzira, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinotaura pfungwa dzakasimba yokuti "ahovaya" inouraya tangi biathlon muna 2013 yaiva nekuda kwekushaiwa kwezvigadzirwa izvi. Saka T-72B3, maitiro atinenge tichitarisa munyaya ino, pamusoro pehutatari kusvikira nhasi uno akaratidzikisa zvose zvayo, zvaanokwanisa kuratidza.

Pazvinetso zvebasa romutungamiriri

Nhamo, asi vavaki pane chimwe chikonzero chete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvavo zvakasara mu tangi mhando dzekare - TKN-3 (yakabatanidzwa periscopic binocular sight). Yeuka kuti paakanga atosimbiswa muna 1991 pane itsva pane iyo nguva BMP-3, yakaratidzika seanchronism! Hungu, electron-optical converter (EOP) yakaiswa mu "murume wekare", achitaura wechizvarwa chechipiri, asi yakava nani kubva pane izvi zvishoma. Chii chaiva chinangwa chekuisa chishamiso ichi pane T-72B3?

Uyezve. Kunyangwe nematambudziko ekutanga emunda, kukuvadzwa kweziso kwakaonekwa mumagetsi emagetsi. "Slingshot" nepfuti inouraya nesimba rakadaro zvokuti maminitsi mashomanana ekuzunguzirana anovimbiswa (kana iwe usingadi kubvisa musoro wako nenguva). Iye anewo zvakanaka. Kana iwe ukanyora pamagumo, shongwe ye tangi ichangotendeukira kumativi apo TKN-3 "inotarisa". Panguva imwecheteyo, chiratidzo che "chiremera" chinopinda munzvimbo yebasa. Muzhinji, mukuru uyu mutungamiri T-72B3 muhondo haagoni kuita chero chinhu.

Kusuruvara kana uchida chinangwa

Chinofadza zvikuru ndechokuti panguva yeusiku hurumende ichaona tangi iri pamakiromita 3.5, asi mutungamiri anofanira kutarisa mufananidzo wakafanana, kana kuedza "kurova" usiku neTKN-3MK yake, iyo inokubvumira kuona mamita mazana mashanu . Ndeipi mirairo inokosha yaachapa kuvashandi kana mamiriro ekushanda asina kukwana kwaari? Mushure mezvose, kune zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zveTNN zvinobva mumakambani emakambani umo mutungamiriri anogona kukwanisa kuenzanisa kureba kusvika kune chinangwa! Chero mamiriro ose ezvinhu, hondo yedu huru yekutonga inoenderera mberi haifaniri kuwedzera kukunda kupfuura muti weKisimusi muRI kuongorora maitiro, ayo, pasina mubvunzo, anofadza avo vanogona kupikisa.

Kugadzirisa kwekukurukurirana

Pano zvinhu zvose zvinonakidza. VHF re-R88-25U-2 "Akveduk" yakaiswa padangi. Yakave yakakumbirwa nehondo. Ine mitsara yekuzvimiririra yekutumira uye kutumira deta. Inogona kutungamirira pachena, yakavanzika uye yakavanzika yekukurukurirana zvidzidzo. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, kunze kweZAS inotarisirwa. Iko kune ma-transceivers maviri akazvimirira mufekitari yemapuranga.

Ndiri kufara kuti ma tankmen ava pakupedzisira vakagamuchira kubatana kwekodhi. Kusunungurwa kwemuenzaniso uyu kwakatangwa neRyazan Radio Engineering Plant muna 2005. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vateereri vemahofisi vakapa gadziriro yakanakisisa yekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano emidziyo iyi: ikozvino zvinoita kuti tibatanidze kona yakasununguka pane deta, iyo inogona kushandiswa seyo huru yekudzivirira kana magadzirirwo makuru ekugadzirisa akanganisa. Nhamo, asi pano yakanga isiri kunze kwe "tar" - tankmen vanoti mumamiriro ehondo iyi nzvimbo inowanzosvibisa. Sezviri pachena, hazvisati zvamboiswa kune zvakakwana zvakavimbika.

Tangents nehuwandu hwehutungamiri hwehutano hwakaratidzawo kuti haina kunaka. Ivo pachavo havakwanisi kunyanya kuvimbika, ivo vanove vakakurumbira nekuwedzera kwekutera. Asi ichi ndicho chikuru chehondo tangi. Of iron. Solid. Tankmen vanoti matangi ekare anogona kutotsigira kubhurwa, asi iyo itsva haifaniri kunyange kuregera ... Ndeipi imwezve iyo mazuva ano eT-72B3 anoreva?

Main Gauge

Kusvikira ikozvino, magwaro ehurumende anotaura kuti shanduro yakagadziridzwa yakave neine 2A46M kana 2A46M-5 pfuti. Zvinotarisirwa kuti sarudzo yekupedzisira ichaiswa mu database. Ichi chishandiso hachisi chinhu kunze kwekudzika kwemazuva emvura yemhando yakaratidzwa D-81TM (2A46M). Panguva imwecheteyo, kusagadzikana kwechimiro chacho kwakanyanya kuwedzerwa, izvo zvinopa huri nani. Mukuwedzera, kana ichigadzirwa, inonyanya kusimba kupfuura OTK, iyo inogonesa kugamuchira chete izvo zvombo, musiyano uri muhupamhi hwomukati hauwedzeri 0.4 mm.

Zapfennye zvikamu kubva zvino iye zvino zvinosungirwa nechekare. Rutsigiro rwezvikwata zvinotenderera zviri muchemberi kwemucheche, mutsi waro unowedzerwa ne 160 mm. Iye pachake akavawo akasimba zvikuru. Nzira dzekumhara dzinenge dziri muchimiro cheprism. Zvose izvi zvakabvumira kuderedza kupararira panguva yekufambisa nokukurumidza ne15%. Pakupfuva pakarepo, kupararira kwehombodo kwakawira kaviri. Kubva pane izvi, tinogona kugumisa kuti T-72B3, iyo TTX yatinofunga nezvayo, inogona kunge yakajeka uye yakakurumidza kugunura zvinangwa zvose zviripo.

Iyo inofungidzirwa yakagadzirirwa kutora nharo yehuwandu hwekuputika kwebhari. Dhaka yakagamuchirwa inoshandiswa kune imwe nzvimbo yemupfuti mune fomu yekutanga yedijiti, iyo inogadzirisa zvakare kunyatsorurama kwekupfura, inokonzera migumisiro yezvinopindira zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nekusimuka panguva yekurwa kwemashini. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti ruzivo urwu rwose runoenda kumakombiyuta e-ballistic. Izvi zvinoshandisa zvikuru basa remupfuri uye zvinomubvumira kuti akurumidze kuisa pfuti pachinangwa.

Kuwedzerwa kwemavara akaenzana

Mhando dzakawanda dze "refu" mabhomba akaiswa pakarepo. ZVBM22 ne BPS ZBM59 "Lead-1" uye "Lead-2" dzakagadzirwa. Nekuwedzera kumwechetezvo muhuwandu hwekupedzisira kupfura, kuwedzerwa kwezvombo zvekuputira pamharaunda yose kunowedzerwa. Kuti kuve nekugadziriswa kwekugadziriswa kwezvitsva zvinonzi projectiles, kushandiswa kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwakashandurwa zvishoma. Zvisinei, imwe nzira yakatoiswa pamatangi edu, kutanga neT-72BA, saka hapana chinhu chitsva apa.

Mated machine-gun uye ZPU

Munyaya iyi, hapana kuchinja - PKT / PKTm. Kwakanga kune ruzivo pamusoro petangi "Pechenegs", asi hapana humwe husimbiso huripo. Asi chete hachiri kune dhesi pamusoro pemagadzirirwo akaenzana ekuunganidza mapuraneti emapuraneti. Ichokwadi ndechokuti kuputika kwechikwata chechikwata chepamusoro uye kupararira kwekutsva kwekutsvaira kwakatsvaira mumudziyo AZ (kutengesa zvinyararire) kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro inosuruvarisa. Zvinoita sokuti, pane izvi simba revarimi (nemari) rakapera, nokuti zvakaoma kufunga pamusoro pechinhu chisina kukodzera kwehondo tank kupfuura ZPU yakazaruka ...

Sezviri pachena, vashandi vanoda bhombomu yekuzviuraya nguva dzose iyo ichafukidza T-72B3. Kuongororwa kwevatengesi zvachose zviri nani kuti varege kupa nemhaka yekunyadzisa kwavo kwakakwana.

Icho chirevo chikuru pamusoro pezvombo zvehurongwa

• Panguva ino, mazuva ano anovandudza chaizvo kushanda kwemuchina: kanzura itsva uye zvigadziriswe zvombo. Zvose izvi zvikamu zvinopa mukana wekutsvaira nekukurumidza kwekuda kwemuvengi.
• PKT - hapana mhinduro, yakarohwa nguva dzose.
• ZPU pasina kurega kutonga ndeyekusaremekedza kusaremekedza hupenyu hwevashandi. Sezvo uremu hwetangi T-72B3 hwakaramba huchiwedzera kusvika 46 matani (42 matani inorema T-72 iri nyore), inogona kuve yakasarudzwa mashoma zana kilogiramu nokuda kwekugadziriswa kwekugadziriswa kushandiswa.

Automatic moto kudzima maitiro

NPO "Electromashina" inonyanya kukoshesa iyi yemazuva ano yakagadzira hurongwa hwe "hoarfrost". Iyi inogadziriswa nekutsvaga kwekutsvaga uye kudzima moto unogona kuitika muhondo uye injini. Zvinhu Zvinokosha:

• Double action.
• Muchikanda pane zvigadziri zvina zvine "Khladon".
• Optical uye thermal sensor zvinoshandiswa kuona simba rekudzima.

Simba simira uye kutapurika

V-84-1 yakasara panzvimbo. Zvechokwadi, akajaira kune t-tankmen T-80 "inouraya" dzose injini dzedieleri, asi iyi motokari yakanaka chaizvo. I-V-84 yakatendeseka zvikuru uye inoedzwa nehondo yekushanda. Mune zvikamu zvekushandisa kune vazhinji veongororo vanoziva iyi motokari zvakakwana. I-B-92, iyo yaimbova yakagadzirirwa kuiswa, ichiri kudikanwa miedzo yakawanda. Sezvo simba rekusimba richiri iro rakafanana, kutapura hakuna kumbochinja chero. IOFF yakanga isina kukurudzirwa, nhamba yekukakavadzana kwepakati mukati mekukanganiswa kwezvinhu haina kuwedzera. Saka injini uye kutengesa zvakaramba zvakangofanana.

Undercarriage

Mhashu yakashandiswa nehutano hwakarongeka hweRMS. Iyi shanduro inoshandiswa zvose paT-72BA uye paT-90 kubvira muna 1996. Iyo chisiki, iyo yakagadzirirwa neRussia T-72B3, inotarisanawo nekuchinja kwakafanana. Nezvimwe zvinhu zvitsva munharaunda ino hazvitauri.

Zviwanikwa zvikuru

• Unyanzvi hwemupfuri hunonakidza chaizvo: ane maziso maviri, mutsva mutsva nekunatsiridza maitiro ekudzora, uye mamwe "mazambiringa akaoma."
• Nhamo, nekuda kwekutaura kwepachena kwekucherechedza, mutungamiri weatangi itsva haakwanisi kurwisana zvakajeka usiku.
• Nzira dzekutaurirana dzakanaka, asi dzinofanira kuunzwa.
• "Hoarfrost" yakanaka, asi chirongwa chemaviri chete hachina kukwana, uye zvinodikanwa kuva nemagetsi akawanda pamwe chete.
• Kudzivirirwa kweshongwe uye holl iko kukanganisa kwakakwana.
• Iyo injini, inomhanya gear uye kutapudza - hapana kuchinja.

Icho chinoramba chiri chimiro chakasimba chokuti mazuva ano akangosiyiwa hafu. Zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvisina kupera zvingagadziriswa pasina kushandisa mari inoshamisa. Pano, kazhinji, ndizvo zvose. Mukutaura, kushandiswa kwemazuva ano kwakave kwakanaka chaizvo, asi dzimwe nguva zvakanyatsovhara ziso.