Zaramagskaya HPP musoro: kureba pamusoro pegungwa, mifananidzo, nzvimbo, diagram yekubatanidza

North Ossetia yakapfuma mumakomo ine makomo. Iyi nzizi dzine simba guru mu hydropower. Izvo zvinotarisirwa zvezizi dzeAssetia mabhiriyoni mashanu kWh / gore. Kunyange zvakadaro, kusvikira nhasi, North Ossetia inharaunda isina simba, uye magetsi ayo haana kuzadziswa.

Mhedziso yekuvaka magetsi emagetsi ewayi munzvimbo ino yakatanga muna 1976. Zvadaro kuvakwa kweZaramagh hydroelectric power station paArdon cascade yakatanga pano.

General information

Kuvakwa kwechigodhi chemagetsi inopfuurira kwemakore akawanda. Mumakore 90, basa rokuvaka rakamira mari. Muna 2009, mutungamiriri Zaramagskaya HPP akazopedzisira atanga.

Nzvimbo yayo haina kusarudzwa nemukana. Rwizi iyo iyo hydropower station iripo inonzi Ardon. Zita rokuti Ardon rinoshandurirwa muchiRussia se "rwizi runotyisa". Inotanga mumagetsi eGreater Caucasus.

Pasi pemuganhu weRwizi kubva mukudzvinyirirwa kweTuala kwekanguva chemamita 16 000, kukwira kweAriddon channel kunosvika 700 mamita. Nokuda kwezvinhu zvakadai zverwizi, urongwa hwekubatanidza weZaramagskaya HPP ndeyekutanga.

Pakazara pane zvirongwa zvitatu zvakakosha pakusika kushandiswa kweHPP mvura:

1) Dha - kana musoro wakasikwa uchibatsirwa nedhamu.

2) Kubata - kana mvura yechisimba yakasikwa nekutora nenzira yemugwagwa kana mugwagwa wemvura.

3) Plotno-derivatsionnaya - apo kuomeswa kwemvura kunoumbwa nekubatsira madams uye zvitsva.

Uyezve, iyo dhamari iripo pamagetsi ekugadzirisa masvingo akavakwa maererano nezvimwe zvezvirongwa izvi.

Chirongwa chekutora chinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvese zvitubu zvemagetsi emvura apo rwizi runotsika pasi pechitsiko chikuru.

Kutanga kwechiteshi kwakasimbisa tariro yokuti rimwe zuva North North Ossetia ichava isina kumira. Iye zvino Zaramagskaya HPP ndeimwe yevashandi vashoma mumiti inoshandiswa mvura yeRussia.

Tanga musoro

Musoro weZaramagskaya HPP wakanyatsoteerera. Maererano netsika dzomunharaunda, kutanga kwakakomborerwa nechekare wemasimba, mushandi wekare kudunhu. Akapa munyengetero uye akauya nezvipo kuna Mwari. Sechipo, maoribakhs anoshandiswa pano - aya ndiwo mapepa emunharaunda nebhari bhari.

Chirongwa uye chirevo chekushanda kwe musoro

Chigaro chepamusoro chinodikanwa kuitira kushandisa dhamanidzi rakasikwa nedhamu. Inodzimisa uye inoidya mumugwagwa unotora. Mugonho hausi kusamanikidzwa, hurefu hwawo mamita 14 000. Pashure pemugwagwa, mvura inopinda mumagetsi eZaramagskaya HPP-1. Pombi yemvura ine kusiyana kwekumusoro kwema 630 mamita.

Dam

Dhamu iri pedyo nechokubuda kunze kwerwizi kubva kuTapval depression. Iyo yakawanda, kubva pamatombo uye ivhu. Kureba kwechimiro chacho mamita 300, uye kukwirira kuri mamita makumi mana.

Pakati pemvura iyi inonzi anti-filtration core. Yakagadzirwa nheyo yeloam. Ichokwadi chokuti hukuru hwemadziro pachako hune hukuru hwakakura uye huri nehumwe hunoenda hunoita kuti kuvimbiswa kwegadziriro yese.

I Republic of North Ossetia iri munharaunda yepamusoro seismic hazard. Pano, pane kudengenyeka kunokwanisika kwemashoko 8-9 pane Richter scale. Kune zvivako zvemasimba zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi, kudengenyeka kwakadaro kunogona kukonzera ngozi huru. Zaramagskaya HPP yakagadzirwa nenzira yakadai yokuti mvura yayo inogona kuchengetedza pasi kudengenyeka kwenyika nechisimba che11.25 mapeji.

Reservoir station

Kutaura pamusoro pegungwa, kutanga kwezvose tinocherechedza maitiro asina kujairika enzvimbo iyo iripo. Sezvo nzvimbo yacho iri muzvikomo zveRepublic of North Ossetia - Alanya, chimiro pano chiri, chokwadi, chakanaka chaizvo. Kazhinji kazhinji mumakomo kune mhepo, zvisinei, mumazuva asingaverengeki mudziyo weimotokari yemhepo inofadza munhu wose ane chitarisiko chake. Mvura inouya pano kubva muRwizi rwaArdon yakachena uye yakajeka. Muchikwata unogona kufarira makomo emakomo akafukidzwa negoridhe buckthorn bush. Runako hwezvakakomberedza uye gungwa pachayo ndicho chikonzero chikuru chechikwata chikuru chevashanyi vanokwezva pano neZaramagh hydroelectric station. Mufananidzo uri pedyo nedhamoni rechiteshi, pedyo negungwa kana mumashure emakomo - izvi zvinowanzodada nemazana evashanyi vanouya pano pavanenge vachifamba.

Unyanzvi hwemadzimai nedhamu

Nyanzvi dzezvehutano dzinogara dzichiitisa zvidzidzo zvemvura uye dzinoongorora basa redha. Kuzadzwa kwedanda kwakatanga muna 2009. Zvose zvayo inenge mamiriyoni 10,5 emakiromita mamita. Nzvimbo yepamusoro pemvura iri 2.5 makiromita makiromita.

Ndeapi musiyano pakati peZaramagskaya HPP nemamwe magetsi emagetsi? Iyo yakakwirira kumusoro kwegungwa yemamita 169 ndiyo yakarongeka yekuchengetedzwa kwemaji emvura. Nekuchengetedza kwakadaro, kukwirira kwekumusoro kunofanirwa kunge kunenge mamita 1708. Chivako chacho chakavakwa nenzira iyo, kana zvichidikanwa, kukwirira kwemukadzi kunogona kuwedzerwa.

Electrical part

Musoro wepamusoro pamwe chete nomugadziri wemvura inomirira chikamu chechimwe simba. Nokudzvinyirira mumugwagwa une urefu hwemamita 675, mvura inopinda mu hydrounit yechiteshi. Iyo hydraulic unit inowanikwa kumahombekombe egungwa. Iko kunewo turbine. Iyo turbine pachiteshi yacho inotenderera-yakasvibiswa, ine rotor yakakura ye 350 centimita. Uyu mudziyo unorema matani anenge 30.

Simba re hydraulic unit rinoenderana nekureba kwemvura yakagadzirirwa pamvura. Pakati pemvura yakasviba yemamita 18,6, simba rekushandisa iri 15 MW, uye nekuwedzera kwepamusoro pemvura, simba rinogona kusvika 33 MW.

Mushure mokunge basa rose rokuvaka nekugadzirisa rakapedzwa paZaramagskaya HPP-1, simba rehutachiona hwemhepo richaderera kusvika anenge 10 MW. Iri rakarongwa kuti chigaro chacho chichabereka 34.5 mamiriyoni kWh / gore muzvimirira uye mamiriyoni 23 kWh / gore mushure meZaramagskaya HPP-1 yakatangwa.

Zaramagskaya HPP inosungirirwa nepamusoro-soro kunodzivirira uye kushandiswa kwezvirongwa. Nzira yekudzivirira inosanganisira imwe nzira yekuongorora. Nyanzvi dzeHES dzinotarisa maitiro uye dzinogona kuongorora nyore nyore kutendeseka nekuchengeteka kwezvivako zvemasimiti nekuda kwechigadzirwa chitsva chakaiswa padhamu.

Ongororo yezvinochera matongo

Nyika, uko Zaramagskaya HPP iripo, inochengetedza zvinhu zvetsika nemararamiro ehurumende yeRussia. Panguva imwe chete nekuvakwa kwekuputika kweHPP, sarudzo yakagadzirwa kutanga matenga makuru ekuchera matongo munharaunda yakarongwa kushandiswa senzvimbo yemagetsi emagetsi emvura. Nemhaka yekushaya mari yakakwana, kutsvakurudza kwezvinochera matongo kwakapfigwa kwechinguva. Nechinangwa chekuchengetedza uchapupu hwehupenyu uye mararamiro evanhu vekumaodzanyemba kweRussia, kambani "RusHydro", iyo inobatanidzwa pakuvakwa kweHPP, yakapa mari kubva mubhajheji yayo kuti iite basa rekuchera matongo munharaunda ino. Masayendisiti akawana zvindori zvemhangura neyesirivha kubva kumativi akasiyana nemasikirwo echiKristu neyeMuslim.

Vatsvakurudzi vakaongororawo nzvimbo yekuviga "Mamisondon", yakanyorwa 9-7 c. BC. E. Inowanikwa munzvimbo yakasungwa nenzizi Nardon naMamisondon, pamusangano wavo muArdon. Ndudzi dzipi dzaive dzenzvimbo iyi yekuviga, nokuti nhasi haisi yakasimbiswa. Zvinofanirwa kuti chivako ichi chenhoroondo chakaumbwa munguva dzeKazar hondo. VaArabhu neKazars vakarwa kakawanda mukati mavo zvikamu panguva iyoyo.

Kune imwe nzvimbo yemakiromita 4,5 kubva kuZaramagh kune chimwe chinhu chezvakaitika kare - chivakwa cheKasar. Izwi rokuti "Casar" reArabhu rinobva rinoreva "shongwe", "palace".

Zvose zvakagadzirwa semugumisiro wekutsvakurudza kwezvinochera matongo munharaunda ino zvakagadziriswa uye zvakagadzirirwa mubhuku rinofanira kubudiswa nokukurumidza.

Zaramagskaya HPP-1

Pasina nguva refu, kuvakwa kwetanda rakagadzirirwa kuZaramagskaya HPP-1. Iyi sarudzo ndeimwe yepamusoro-yakanyanyisa zvivako munzvimbo yose yeRussian Federation. Iyo yakakwirira ye shaft ine mamita 508, mukati mekumanikidziro inenge mema 60 emhepo. Kuvakwa kwemugwagwa pakati pechitubu chepamusoro uye chikwata chikuru chemasimba chekukwira mumusha weMizura chapera.

Zaramagskaya HPP-1 maererano neurongwa hwemabasa ichatanga musi waDecember 25, 2018. Mushure mokutangira kwayo, dambudziko remagetsi muNorth Ossetia haichazove 80%, sezvino, asi 30% chete.

Where is Zaramagskaya HPP located?

Kambani yekambani: Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, ul. Pervomayskaya, 34. Kubata nevashandirwi veZaramagskaya HPP uye uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro pekuvakwa kwechiteshi inogona kuwanika pawebsite yepamutemo.