State-vaiva zvebhizimisi - ndechokuti musangano?

Pakati pamutemo masangano vakanyorwa uye kushanda maererano mitemo kuRussia, pane nyaya dzine anokosha, zvakananga pamutemo. Izvi zvinosanganisira, kunyanya, kusanganisira mamiriro Enterprises. Funga zvakare specificity yavo.

General unhu

State-anazvo unitary zvebhizimisi - kusangano repamutemo kuita operative utariri akavapa fuma yake. The pamutemo mabhuku nayo Anonziwo entrepreneurial sangano. Kune rumwe ruoko, mamiriro-vaiva zvebhizimisi - iri kutengeswa sangano. Rinotsanangura chinangwa chake chokusika. It anogadzirwa zvikurukuru nokuda urongwa vamwe mabasa, kugadzirwa basa kana kugadzirwa. Panguva imwe chete yakakura chikamu mari bhizimisi chakafukidzwa kubvira bhajeti. Uyezve, sezvo huru vatengi vari nhengo weHurumende simba.

Specificity

Public masangano uye mabhizimisi vane zvakawanda zvakafanana. Kutanga zvavanofarira vose nekusagona dzokurasa (neImba) basa navo zvinhu. At paro ehurumende-vaiva zvebhizimisi - inzira Kuzadziswa mamiriro simba mabasa avo. Zvakafanana mhedziso ingatorwa panyaya masangano. Zvisinei, kusiyana pakati vatambi izvi ndechokuti vari achiumbwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kunyanya, masangano vakasikwa zvesayenzi, dzidzo uye nemagariro sectors mumunda evanhu unodzivirira, utano, dzidzo mumuviri, mitambo, basa vemunyika. State-vaiva zvebhizimisi - kuchikonzerwa dzebato maindasitiri basa. Zvinonzi akasika Somuenzaniso, nokuti kugadzirwa kudzivirira zvivezwa yakanakira hondo kukosha. Muchiitiko chino, kambani mamiriro-anazvo anonzi wezvokutengeserana uye sangano - kwete.

pamutemo

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, hurumende zvebhizimisi pfuma kurudyi - kodzero operative utariri. Saka, hazvibviri nokuzvisimbisa pahwaro kubatana pakati zvokunyama semhosva pfuma yacho Russian Federation, kumatunhu kana MO. Federal hurumende zvebhizimisi - kusangano repamutemo pamwe chete muvambi. Kuti kuva zvaioneka zvinhu vakachengeteswa operative utariri.

normative garo

Musi waJanuary 1, 1995 uye napamberi kupinda rehondo Federal Mutemo № 161 Nenheyo pamutemo wenyika emakambani ehurumende akanga yaidzorwa chete GC. Nyaya iyi zvakawanda chinzvimbo 6 (mu Sec. 6) FL № 52, kuitwa munhu wokutanga mugove Code. It iroro kuti akaumba pamberi pamutemo racho awa. 1, GC emakambani mubasa mabasa kurudyi zvoupfumi utariri uye operative kuzvidzora, kuMudzidzisi mitemo anechekuita. Pamwe chete muri ichi. 113 Code akapa kuti pamutemo yokupira masangano pasi kukurukurwa kunotemwa kwete chete nokuda zvatinopiwa of Civil Code, asiwo mutemo chaiwo. murau uyu, zvisinei, yakanga chete wokurera 14.11.2002 Chakanga, chaizvoizvo, Federal Mutemo № 161.

Kuwedzererwa uye yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita

Maererano Art. 37 of Federal Law nhamba 161, zvose emakambani ehurumende vanofanira kuunza charters avo zvaidiwa nomutemo. Izvi anovamba nguva anosvika 1.07.2003 Munguva Federal Law № 161 of Civil Code, vamwe zvokudya vave dzakaonda kunze, yokudzora mitemo kuti akasika uye unoshanda ezvinhu-anazvo vachida. Izvi, zvikurukuru, akabata Articles 48-65 of Code, uyewo Art. 113-115. Uyezve, mutemo akanga wairambidza paumbwe subsidiaries pasi kuongorora zviri pamutemo masangano. Rinonyatsooneka kuchinja inini nyaya 115. In maererano zvakagadzirwa zvino repamutemo inogona kusikwa kwete chete nokuda wehurumende pfuma. Urongwa uhwu zvinobvumira paumbwe imwe matunhu neminisiparati paruzhinji vachida nhasi. utsanzi Izvi mitemo yairambidza kuti akanga atomborarama kare. Zvikurukuru, asati kuitwa mutemo vaitirei sangano repamutemo yaigona inoumbwa zvarayirwa nehurumende, uye kungobva wehurumende pfuma. Naizvozvo vatora mitemo vakanga aifarirwa chemhando Executive simba. Panguva chikamu basa kuti mitoro zvakabatanidzwa Russian Federation. Liquidation uye nokubatanidzwazve pamutemo masangano kunze chete nokuda Mutongo hurumende.

zvinodiwa kiyi mutemo

Enzvimbo hurumende zvebhizimisi anonzi indivisible. Hahugoni kuparadzirwa pamusoro migove, chikwata migove (deposits), kusanganisira pakati netsvimbo. State-vaiva Enterprise - kusangano repamutemo, izvo zvinogona pamusoro yayo nokuda kuwana uye kushandisa kodzero (mu rem uye munhu), chiito, kuita sechinhu respondent / mukwiriri mudare. The mitemo Zvinoda kuva yayo nepakati papepa. Full zita kunofanira kusanganisira mashoko okuti "nehurumende vachida". Izvi zvinoshandawo chete pamutemo masangano yakasimbiswa pahwaro wehurumende pfuma. Saizvozvowo, mazita masangano akaumba Muushumiri Kudzivirira anofanira iine nezvokunyoresa miganhu chavanopinda ( "matunhu neminisiparati pachena zvebhizimisi"). The zita anofanira kuuyawo mashoko pamusoro muridzi (the Russian Federation, nharaunda kana MO). Kudhinda repamutemo anofanira ane zita rizere muna Russian, rairatidza nzvimbo. Kungavawo aripo mazita nevamwe (vanhu kana dzimwe) mitauro. Nzvimbo yokutengeserana vagara vandifungira kero pawaiva kunyoresa. The panyaya inofanira kutaurwa mabha- code, guta, mumigwagwa, imba / building, nzvimbo nhamba (kana iripo). Kana yekupindurwa nzvimbo, kambani anotumira ziviso kuti muviri mvumo kuita mamiriro kunyoresa pamutemo masangano.

nuances

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti hapana mumwe mutemo asi Civil Code uye Federal Law nhamba 161, regai kuona pamutemo mamiriro paruzhinji vachida. Urongwa uhwu wanamatira zvakananga 113th nyaya (mu a. 6) the Code. Panyaya mabasa uye kodzero varidzi upfumi, mumaoko hurumende emakambani, nokubatanidzwazve uye liquidation, asi mutemo haripi pokugumira murau vamwe apamutemo. Somuenzaniso, nzira nokuda inotungamirwa utariri wehurumende masangano basa uye kunozivikanwa nehurumende chirevo.

mhando uridzi

Kuramba kuongorora mitemo wedare mabasa emakambani ehurumende, ane muenzaniso wepamutemo mamiriro tsika. Chokuratidza kuti kupatsanura wokutanga kushumira uridzi. Ndizvo zvakafanana mune zvose ehurumende unitary mabhizimisi (kusanganisira avo vakasikwa Muushumiri Kudzivirira) nemasangano. Izvi zvinowanzoitika chinhu anotaurazve kubatana zvinangwa paumbwe izvi zviri pamutemo masangano. Uye masangano, uye mabhizimisi vanoziva obshchefederalnye zvavanofarira, uye ichi nokuda zvinhu uye pamutemo.

havaoni

Sechikamu varidzi kuti ehurumende-vaiva masangano uye mabhizimisi inopa vakawanda kukamurwa. Pakutanga, sezvo yave akati kuva muvambi chete. Sezvo iye, maererano nemitemo yepamutemo, anogona kuita kana MO, kana Russian, kana nharaunda.

Bhuku pamutemo chinzvimbo

Maererano chokuratidza iyi zviri pamutemo masangano Classified maererano kuwanda kodzero zvavari dzinounzwa izvo pamusoro chepfuma avakapiwa. In paumbwe nyaya yepamutemo ake chaizvo mukana kuti Kutamiswa. kodzero Property zvakakodzera kuita chakaipa kuzvidzora basa maererano zvinangwa zvakasikwa. Izvi zvaioneka zvinhu uyewo zvinhu vawana mukufamba yokuva (sezvo Kazhinji) enzvimbo yacho. An anosiiwa urongwa uhwu vari pachena masangano uye mabhizimisi. Muridzi, achivapa upfumi, anopa pamutemo zvinogona nevamwe mitemo. Kunyanya, nyaya dzine kodzero tiite operative utariri. Kana ichi wendarama chinoramba muridzi pfuma. Izvi zvinoreva kuti dzokurasa yacho vakachengeteswa zvebhizimisi anogona chete ake mvumo. Izvi zvakafanana zvinoshanda pamutemo masangano, vakasikwa hurongwa miganhu zviremera.

muridzi

Maererano Art. 20 of Federal Mutemo № 161 masimba akakodzera muridzi pfuma zvaitambidzwa yeUnited hurumende zvebhizimisi, kugadzwa, liquidation, nokubatanidzwazve anoita hurumende. Other nomutemo zvinogona vari seurongwa soro Executive kupfungwa simba nemamwe masangano ehurumende. On December 1, 2007 hwakapiwa simba kurudyi muridzi uye hurumende dzesangano "Rosatom". Mitemo iri Implementation yawo zviri pamutemo okuita zvitange, wakateya Federal Law nhamba 317. The runoenzanirana Kuwedzera yakaitwa kuti mutemo nhamba 161. Kubva matunhu neminisiparati inotungamirwa proprietary kodzero upfumi vakapfuura hurumende emakambani, yeuka zviremera zveko mukati kugona kwavo. The Kukura kwavo kugona pamutemo iri pakutsvaga pamutemo yakabatsira yokudzora mamiriro nemasangano aya.