State munzanga inishuwarenzi - zviri ...

Tose kushanda. Asi mumwe anogona kurasikirwa nemukana kuwana chokurarama nacho nokuda akatendeseka basa. Kuti kuderedza kutambura vanhu ava, uye rakatangwa neHurumende munzanga inishuwarenzi.

Vhuṱanzi

Nei zvakanga kusika munzanga inishuwarenzi munhu? Izvi zvinokosha kuti vawane rubatsiro rwemari kuvanhu kuti vakatenderana kuti mashandiro inopiwa nokuti chiitiko zvayakaipira. Insurers vanosungirwa kubhadharisa mari iri nenguva netsika kune nyaya. Kana chinhu insured chiitiko kunoitika, munhu anofanira kushandisa kuti Social Security Fund uye kunyora chokwadi kuti kupiwa mari kubva mamiriro. Iyi ndiyo imwe nzira kuitira vanhu munzanga vari basa ukama vashandirwi. Asi anopa ezvinhu evanhu inishuwarenzi? Muchiitiko chino, anogona kubatsira masangano matatu:

1. Social Insurance Fund. pfungwa iyi zvakanaka kana pane ngozi kutambura kumabasa.
2. Mudyandigere Fund. Ipfungwa Izvi rakanakira kana paine urongwa uye chivimbo kuti nokubudirira uye pasina chiitiko achaita pamudyandigere.
3. Fanira Health Insurance Fund. Rakafanana kupfungwa wokutanga, asi kunonyanya akakodzera avo vari kuronga kudzorerazve pashure kurapwa uye kuramba kushanda.

Ichokwadi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kupiwa Article nokupesana pane zvinodiwa chaizvo uye kwete zvinodiwa. Just chete chaizvo basa richava zvishoma nyore kana insured chiitiko chaicho kuti mari kupiwa. Uye sezvo zvinogona kusarudzwa sangano iri pedyo nomusha. Kunyange kana uchifarira evanhu inishuwarenzi kwenguva pfupi incapacity, zvakanaka zvakakodzera kutanga kuita.

Ungazviita sei?

On chii mazano ndiye evanhu inishuwarenzi hurongwa? Unonyanya kukosha, maererano catechumens zvinangwa pakagadzwa kudyidzana. Zvadaro pane paumbwe uye kushandiswa siyana chivimbo mari. Zvinonzi zvakare ane basa rinokosha hurongwa rinobviswa kudzivirira evanhu njodzi. Chii chinokosha kushanda yose mashandiro evanhu kuchengeteka? Kana inishuwarenzi riri evanhu, inoreva kuvapo vamwe mari, izvo pane mari uye zvavanoda. Uye specificity akadaro kuti mari inofanira kuwanikwa kufukidza mari kuti inomuka maererano Implementation dzaro tsidziro. Mukuwedzera, ichangobva kutaurwa masangano vanofarira ndiko kuwedzera mureza mupenyu siyana Mapato nevagari Russian.

Somuenzaniso, mumagariro inishuwarenzi pamusoro Occupational zvirwere. Ndicho dambudziko nguva yedu. Zvinenge munhu pashure emakore kana zvichida kunyange makore basa chiri chirwere Occupational. Kazhinji hazvina chirwere ndakwegura, asi dzimwe nguva hworatidza pacharo kunyange vasati pamudyandigere. Naizvozvo, masangano ehurumende vanofarira zvakananga kuti vanhu vakaramba utano hwavo kwenguva refu sezvinobvira - nekuti ipapo vachava vasina kubhadhara naye mari. Nokuti ichi inogona kushandiswa dzakasiyana-siyana achishandisa, kubvira zvimwe zvatisingagoni uye zvinodiwa, kupedza matanho kuongorora zvaidiwa mitemo kuzorora.

Nzira uye zvinangwa

Saka, zvino iwe une pfungwa chii pasocial neinishuwarenzi. Ndizvo zvakanaka. Zvino ngatitarise chii anoona zvivepo. Panguva ino ari Russian Federation anogona kusangana kwemarudzi aya:

1. Kwenguva pfupi urema.
2. inishuwarenzi Medical.
3. From Occupational zvirwere uye tsaona kubasa.
4. Social mudyandigere inishuwarenzi vomuUmambo kushanda panguva.

Ava havasi vose zvichibvira nzira. Vakazvimiririra pane imwe inishuwarenzi chokuzvidira. In chinogona kubatanidzwa vanhu kuti kuzvidzora basa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti sezvo insurers anogona kuita makambani asiri ehurumende. It ane vanoverengeka zvakanakira nekuipira. Hama kune wokutanga anogona kuona imwe asi chinokosha azvipire ribudirire chiito (izvo ndeyechokwadi US muenzaniso). Asi Ukuwo - hurumende haisi anokonzera Masvomhu. Saka kana iwe kumhanya vakapinda vanonyengedza, kudzokera aiwana mari yako nesimba achava zvakaoma chaizvo.

Nyaya uye mipiro

Huru twa kuti ane evanhu inishuwarenzi ane - vanhu. Ndiani chinonyanya kunakidza? Pindura - vatambi, inova zvinotaurwa insured. Izvi zvinosanganisira Vagari Russian, acho ari mabasa ukama hwavo mushandirwi (sezvo anofanira kusanganisira zvokutenga makambani, mumwe Entrepreneurs uye masangano ehurumende). Ndiko kuti inishuwarenzi vanosanganisira vose vaya vanopa vanhu mabasa. Uye chii Ungati pamusoro zvipo? About yokuti vanoenda zvimwe masangano, tinoziva (kunyange zvino, sei chaizvo). Asi sei mari yakawanda iri unobhadharwa? nomupiro Single zvemagariro inosanganisira kuunganidzwa 26,2% uye kuti 34,5% kuti muhoro. Nei musiyano guru zvakadaro? Chii chinobatanidzwa mu pauwandu hweavo izvi? Pakutanga, zvinofanira kutaurwa mudyandigere Fund - nezvokuvandudzika 20%. More 3.2% anoenda mumagariro inishuwarenzi. The mari munguva yemberi richaperera zvakananga pamusoro murume pachake. Uyezve, 2,8% of mari inoenda inishuwarenzi utano. Izvi zvakaitika zvipatara, zvokurapa kushanyira (semuenzaniso, chiremba wemazino) uye zvichingodaro. Uyezve, pane inishuwarenzi kana tsaona zviitiko kuti zvave kubasa. Nokuda pfungwa iyi, uye pane musiyano chinokosha kuti zvinogona kuonekwa kwokutanga. Saka pane izvi, kuti muripo ingabva 0.2% kusvika 8.5%.

kubhadhara mari

Funga rokumanikidzirwa munzanga inishuwarenzi kumabasa. Ngatitii mumwe chiitiko chakaitika. Panyaya iyi, iyo insured munhu anogona kuverenga rimwe mari vachibhadhara. Kwokupedzisira ukoshi rinowanikwa kuva chikamu kukosha mubayiro. Chii muenzaniso kushanda muna Russian Federation? Saka, kana munhu anotamisa mari kwemakore 30, anogona kutarisira kugamuchira 40% kuti mari yavo ive mudyandigere. vanhu vaya pamutemo vakashanda kwemakore anopfuura 40, vanoti mufananidzo 60%. Kana ane pfupi akaremara, vanhu rinoshandisa 80% 90% of muhoro. Kana vanhu vakava vasingashandi, vanogona kutarisira kutambira mari iri uwandu 50-60%. Vamwe bonuses ikoko uye kuwana kurapwa uye kutenga mishonga. Pano, kukura vachibhadhara kunoenderana apo munhu ari. Kana ari pachipatara - Chichasimbiswa kuripirwa 100% mari zvose. Nokuti vaya vari outpatients, akapa 75 chete% kuzoita mari mishonga nokurapwa. Unogonawo kuverenga rubatsiro nemari chokuita zvinoverengeka zviitiko: kurasikirwa nebasa, pamariro, kunyoresa vakadzi pamuviri, kubhadhara mwana pakuzvarwa uye zvichingodaro. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti maererano ano basa mitemo, mugari wose ari Russian Federation, yakaitwa pamutemo, inofanira kuva nzwisisei kuti mamiriro evanhu inishuwarenzi, uye kushingaira kurishandisa. Kubasa, muhofisi kana yezvirwere - zvisinei apo zvichava kushanda. Maererano nomurayiro, rinofanira kudzivirirwa vose.

Kana uye sei zvikuru nomugove iri rakapa?

Rokumanikidzirwa munzanga inishuwarenzi pamusoro tsaona maindasitiri anopa mashoko akasiyana. Saka, kana munhu akamborasika anokwanisa kushanda, ipapo mari ichapiwa kwaari kubva pazuva rokutanga. Funga kupedza basa kupora kushanda kana kuisa kubva yezvokurapa basa makomisheni yokuremara. All zvishoma zvakasiyana neimba kukuvara. Kunopiwa kuti panyaya kuripwa ngaape vari kunze chete pazuva rechitanhatu. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nuances. Saka, kana kukuvara yakagamuchirwa somugumisiro imwe njodzi (chii nokudengenyeka kwenyika, dutu, mafashamo kana moto) kana pamusana anatomic kuremara, rubatsiro rwemari iri rakapa dzose nguva uye hunodzorwa zvavo nemitemo. inishuwarenzi Social pamusoro tsaona kubasa kuti pamwaka uye vagari vashandi anopa zvikunde kuti zvakanakira pakuparwa Occupational chirwere kana kukuvara basa. Uye izvi zvinoitwa musi chimwe hwaro. Kana tiri kubata kwenguva pfupi akaremara, ari wava mu iyi - 75 mukarenda mazuva. Pano unogona kusangana anonakidza chinotaurwa. Saka zvakajairika kuti pfupi urema zvingaitika kana mushandi ari gore negore pazororo. Muchiitiko chino, munhu anofanira Stock pamusoro pazororo kurwara, uye achapiwa Kushivirira zvose nguva kubasa. Zvisinei, kana iwe siya pasina muripo, ipapo chii asingadi kuverenga. Uyewo, hativimbi kubhadhara, kana sehofisi incapacity ndiyo zvakonzerwa akuvara uye zvirwere kuti vavapo somugumisiro kudhaka.

Features

Uye chii kana kurwara yepedyo mushandi? Nokuti vazhinji, ichi ichava utsva, asi mutemo kunopa kuti kwenguva pfupi urema makomborero uye uve hwaro vanofanira kutarisira nhengo yemhuri anorwara. The mamiriro ezvinhu anofanira kusangana zvinotevera nzira:

1. Inofanira kuisa chokwadi kuti kushaya hanya inokosha panjodzi utano kana kunyange upenyu munhu anorwara.
2. Hakuna mukana kuisa nhengo yemhuri muchipatara nokuti dzakananga zvairatidza.
3. Kwete chimwe munhu asiri mushandi kuti aizovatarisira vanorwara. Pangava zvagara vanaamai vane mwana kusvika 2 years.

Rokumanikidzirwa munzanga inishuwarenzi pamusoro tsaona ari kurasikirwa kunyatsoshanda yakadaro inopa mureza nguva 3 mukarenda mazuva. Zvinogona kuwedzerwa, asi chete kunoshamisa nguva, apo imwe nhengo yemhuri ine chirwere chakakomba. Asi vose, okuti haafaniri kupfuudza mazuva manomwe. Kusara iri nyaya vana. Saka, kana mwana ari pasi 14 makore achirwara, uye panguva imwe chete riri kubatsirwa, nguva kungava 14 mukarenda mazuva. Asi ichi hachisi kufadza. Saka, kana uine mwana pasi 3 makore (kana munhu akaremara pasi 16), nomugove inogona ipiwe yose nguva apo zvaanoda hanya. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane mutsauko nesimba zvinobatsira. Kwokupedzisira mari kunoenderana mhaka kwekanguva incapacity basa, uwandu vana vaduku, ya risina kumiswa basa uye zvichingodaro. Uyewo, kana munhu akagamuchira maindasitiri kukuvara kana Occupational chirwere, ake kubatsira achava akaenzana 100% muhoro.

Kubhadhara iri huye nepamuviri uye pakusununguka

Vamwe mitemo iyi akafanana ne zvavo. Asi pane pachake peculiarities ayo. Saka kana vakadzi kodzero maternity makomborero, asi mari dziri kwemazuva ose. Asi ichi chinofanira kuva kwechokwadi zvokurapa certificate. How vakadzi vazhinji zororo? Pamberi musi wokuberekwa anopiwa ine mazuva 70. Asi kana pamuviri zviri iwane, ichiwanika maawa 84. Uyewo, pashure pokusununguka pachavo vari mureza ezvinhu, vakadzi vane 70 mukarenda mazuva. Kana paiva yakaoma mamiriro ezvinhu, izvi nguva ichiwedzerwa mazuva 86. vana vaviri kana kupfuura aiva kupi, akapa 110 mukarenda mazuva. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti akabhadhara anosiya unozvipiwa mu yose. Nemamwe mashoko - pasinei mazuva mazhinji rave richishandiswa pamberi yokusununguka. Zvose zvakaitwa ari unspent vachava zvino, kana shoko iri akakodzera vanaamai. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hurumende yedu hanya vanhu kuti pedyo 100% muhoro wavo. Asi kana ari mukadzi panguva nepamuviri uye pakusununguka rakabviswa muhofisi, nomugove iri akabhadhara.

Sezvaunogona kuona, pane chinokosha nhamba dzakasiyana zvinhu. Uyewo, kana kupfupfudzika pashure pemazuva 196 kubva gestation, mukadzi achiri zvikomborero. Uyezve, munhu haafaniri kukanganwa zvimwe siyana zvadzinoshayiwa. Saka, unogona kuwana bundu Nemutengo pakuzvarwa, uyewo kumutarisira kusvikira makore 1.5. kubhadhara izvi zvisina inopiwa, kana mudumbu yakanga wakaberekwa. Kuchikosheswa makomborero ndiyo amai mwana. Asi kana iye afa, zvinonzi akapa kuna baba vake kana mumwe munhu ari mubasa akarerwa chairo mwana. Zvisinei, nokuti ichi munofanira kunyora mashoko akanyorwa.

Kugadzwa uye mubhadharo

Sezvaunogona kuona, rokumanikidzirwa munzanga inishuwarenzi kana kuti kwenguva pfupi urema vanoonga vanhu vazhinji, nekuti inokosha uye raityisa nyaya imwe neimwe Ruble Counts. Naizvozvo, kana munhu anogona tiwane mubayiro, unofanira kuziva kuti ndiani anogadza navo uye apo ivo anobudiswa. Kazhinji, voitakura kunze kumabasa. Commission anoshanda ichi munzanga kuchengeteka wesangano rinomirira dare zvavakanga vachida kuita. Asi zvingava zvakadaro kuti haapo. Panyaya iyi kubatsirwa achapiwa raitongwa zvakananga kutengeserana mubatanidzwa komiti. Uye zvokuita kana kushanda madiki, pasina sangano ichi? Muchiitiko chino, zviri kubatsira wesangano rinomirira murongi uye inishuwarenzi nhumwa. Kana mvumo akagadzwa, muripo wake chinoitwa kwokubatsira ebhizimusi tichiregeredza mipiro inishuwarenzi evanhu. Saizvozvo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi kugadzwa zano anoshanda apo vanhu incapacity chakaitika paaigara kunze munharaunda zvavakanga vachida kuita.

Sezvo muenzaniso anogona kunzi pamberi pazororo kana bhizimusi rwendo. Pasinei nokuti vamwe mazuva kuonekwa zvakananga muripo ngachiitwe pamwechete mubayiro. Kunyange paine nuances noruremekedzo kuti hurukuro uye vasati dzavo pamuviri. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, zvinobatsira vanobhadharwa kamwe (kamwechete). Kuti tiwane bundu Nemutengo mubhadharo kuti mwana pakuzvarwa, mubereki anofanira gwaro nekanzuru Registrar. Izvi zvinoshandawo kubhadhara kuvigwa. Zvose zvakanga dzakava asi kwete kubhadharwa, kuti agoiswa mushandi mukati nguva puranga yakasimbiswa kuti vakarasika mubayiro makomborero. Yeuka zvakare kuti kana kubatsira mari yakanga zvakanyanyisa kwakawedzera nokuda ane svomhu kukanganisa kana kushungurudzwa, Ndokuzofungisisa iye achava mhosva.

mhedziso

State munzanga inishuwarenzi chiri chaizvo inobatsira kuti pakudzikamisa kuti vanhu uye kuramba nhengo dzayo nomumwe. mashandiro Izvi zvinobvumira vanhu kutarisa zvakawanda nechivimbo kuti ayo remangwana. Uye ichi, akavapindurawo, zvinoratidza kuti munhu anoshanda nani uye pane kunetseka munzanga. Kunyange zvazvo kuitika hurongwa hakusi pasina zvainovhiringidzawo ayo. Asi mubvunzo kuvandudza nenguva asi kugadziriswa. Haufaniri kumira parutivi kana pane isingachinji chokwadi kushungurudzwa mikana yavo pamberi penyu. Uye pasinei ndiani uye chii nokuparurwa - pachena sangano kana private entrepreneur. Unofanira kugara kutsvaka kuitira kuti kodzero dzevanhu uye iripo kondirakiti munzanga haina kutyora. Uye kare club ichi nhema nesu - zvazvo vagari.