Social mamiriro: The zvemamiriro evanhu mamiriro. The chikuru zvinhu evanhu mamiriro

Approach kuti kudzidza evanhu marongerwo uye yenhengo dzayo anofanira kuziva zvimwe zvavasingakwanisi yacho date ruzivo. Saka, maererano Bertrand Russell, kudzidzwa nemamiriro chinhu chiri kushomeka kuti uzere ayo ruzivo. Kunyange zvizere kuongorora maumbirwo tiri pakubata chete chimiro munhu zvikamu rose uye yezvakaita ukama pakati pavo. Panguva imwe chete, isu vaizongoguma kuona yezvakaita ukama chinhu nevamwe zvinhu, hazvisi rutivi ayo mamiriro. The munzanga mamiriro, pezvokuvamba munzanga mamiriro - Mapato izvi hazvisi yokupedzisira, kuzvicheka-nokukiya dzichipfekeka dzakabatana. Mukupesana, functionality yavo yakazara vagara vandifungira kubatana nedzimwe nhengo okuvapo kwevanhu.

zvinhu pfungwa

Pfungwa mamiriro munyika yakafara pfungwa shoko rinoreva wemishonga uye kubatana pakati pavo achiumba womukati nemamiriro chinhu vakuru nemataundi zvinoriumba.

Uyewo, magariro mamiriro achiumbwa kubudikidza akarayira raora kuti kuwadzana, interconnected evanhu mapoka, masangano uye ukama therebetween, imwe womukati mudziyo vanhu (munzanga boka). Saka, vanhu nderei kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro nepakati kutsanangura pfungwa "munzanga maumbirwo".

Zvemamiriro evanhu mamiriro uye yezvakaita ukama pakati pavo

The nemamiriro chinhu kunoratidzwa ne Zvinoumba okunze, murayiro urongwa hwavo, zvichienderana hunhu mumwe. Kutaurirana pakati pavo unogona kuva akanaka, kunaka, uye kwavakarerekera. Muchiitiko chokutanga chiri mubvunzo kuti kuwedzera padanho kurongwa umbowo mamiriro kuburikidza Links, wechipiri zvinoderedza sangano ravo, nomwedzi wechitatu - kubatana regai kukanganisa padanho sangano yechivako chacho.

The chikuru zvinhu evanhu maumbirwo vanhu chinogona kukamurwa mapoka makuru matatu:

• vanhu;
• evanhu munharaunda;
• pasocial masangano.

The zvipenyu kunoita wacho

Man, sechinhu rimwe fuma dzinongoitika, mumiririri mhando Homo sapiens, so munhu.

bg Ananiev anozivisa mapoka maviri zvivako kuti unhu wacho - nesekondari.

Primary ehupfumi achireva kuvapo:

• zera unhu (unoenderana yakananga zera);
• pabonde dimorphism (pabonde nokuzivikanwa);
• nomumwe randinenge maitiro (neurodynamic ehupfumi uropi, maduramazwi dzichipfekeka geometry pamusoro Hemisférios Cerebrais, mubumbiro zvinhu).

Anoendeswa pamwechete, chikuru ehupfumi wacho kuona kwayo yechipiri ehupfumi:

• emuchina ose psycho-vasiri mabasa;
• Organic zvinodiwa mamiriro.

Saka, muchiitiko ichi chiri zvipenyu sangano pakati wacho.

Voruzhinji kunoita wacho. Pfungwa unhu

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pfungwa nomumwe inoshandiswa kumirira sechinhu evanhu ari - mumiririri evanhu. Saka kwayo yomuzvarirwo chaizvo chiri dziripowo.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kana zvakakodzera kuti kusimbisa evanhu musimboti murume, pfungwa wacho kuwedzera chakatsiva pfungwa "unhu". Unhu rinotsanangura nyaya evanhu ukama uye vanoziva basa. Mune dzimwe kududzirwa pfungwa iyi rinoshandiswa kureva hurongwa ehupfumi wacho, izvo achiumbwa Joint basa uye kukurukurirana.

Pane tsanangudzo dzakawanda kuti kubata pfungwa unhu chete bato kana mumwe, asi mune dzose ndiko mumagariro evanhu maitiro, mukurukuri chedziviriro evanhu maumbirwo vanhu. Kana iri nyaya, zvipenyu hunhu wacho kumboderera pane voruzhinji - vasingabvumirani nyaya inoda hanya, kufungisisa chaizvo imwe ezvinhu.

Pfungwa evanhu munharaunda

Pfungwa iyi pazera kugadzikana akagadzirwa vanhu, izvo kubudikidza nekaupenyu yakafanana ezvinhu uye mararamiro, uyewo zvido inozivikanwa.

Pane mhando mbiri huru evanhu munharaunda:

• Inhamba;
• chaiye.

Kana yokutanga tiri kutaura pamusoro chezita mapoka, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo muchikwata zvemagariro, rechipiri - a zvechokwadi kushanda munyika. Uyewo, chaiyo munzanga vomunharaunda rinogona 3 siyana:

• uremu;
• boka (duku / makuru evanhu mapoka).

Somuenzaniso, mashoko ari kunyoresa, wevanotungamirira nemashoko vanogara imwe guta, muenzaniso Statistical evanhu munharaunda. Ukuwo, kana tiri kutaura zvinhu ariko mumwe kana mumwe chikamu vemo Chokwadi, tinogona kutaura chaicho munzanga munharaunda.

For muhombe munzanga vomunharaunda akasarudza vaiwanzoti pamutemo chokuita mumwe vanhu, asi vakabatana imwe yakatarwa pahwaro zvimwe maitiro.

The kupatsanura evanhu mapoka

A Social boka akasarudza vanoti raora kuti kuwadzana mumwe vanhu vanonzwa ukama hwavo uye vachinzwisisa nevamwe sezvo imwe nzanga.

Group evanhu munharaunda anosanganisira mapoka makuru uye diki. Mienzaniso aimbova ndeinotevera:

• kwemadzinza munharaunda (emadzinza, madzinza, marudzi, madzinza);
• Socio-wevanotungamirira (zera uye pabonde unhu);
• munzanga uye miganhu (kurarama kwenguva refu munzvimbo imwe kuva hwakanyatsorwisa yakafanana mararamiro pachinhu mumwe);
• munzanga / akaturikidzana (strata) wekambani (zvakafanana evanhu mabasa pachinhu evanhu weboka basa, mukuru magariro zvinhu).

Weboka vanhu pamwe mukirasi mitsetse anobva chokuratidza neukama kuboka varidzi nzira inoshandiswa, uyewo yezvakaita basa kunobatsira. Makirasi vari kusiyaniswa zvakafanana socio-zveupfumi uye mupfungwa maitiro, ukoshi zviito, "bumbiro" yavo patsika.

Kupatsanura ne strata (pasocial strata) rinoitwa pahwaro zvainyanya pakurarama uye kushanda munzanga. Strata vari zvenguva (Kuchinja) evanhu mapoka akasiyana asina kutaurwa zvakananga toreva zvokurarama kugadzirwa (kusiyana kirasi).

Nesekondari evanhu mapoka

The chikuru munzanga mapoka Vanowanzodanwa dziwande diki vakawanda vanhu vane zvakananga kusakarongeka nemumwe, maererano nomumwe zvechadenga vechikamu nhaurirano. Yakadaro chinhu evanhu mamiriro kuchikonzerwa mhuri. Uyewo pano zvinosanganisira netsvimbo, zvikwata zvemitambo, etc .. Ratios mukati evapambi akadaro kazhinji kurongwa, kuti pamwero yepedyo. Primary mapoka ave kubatana pakati munhu uye nzanga, iyo inorondedzera ukama pakati evanhu marongerwo.

Zvinhu munzanga mamiriro, yechipiri mumagariro boka kusiyaniswa yakawanda, kupfuura zvikuru, uye neyebhizimisi, rekuremekedza kusakarongeka pakati vechikamu. The chokutanga mumapoka aya zvinogoneka nhengo dzeboka kuita zvimwe ruzhinji mabasa uye vabudirire kuMudzidzisi zvinangwa. Kana munhu zvechadenga vechikamu, ivo sidelined. Mapoka akadaro zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, ari kushanda netsvimbo.

evanhu nemasangano

Chimwe chinokosha pamusoro evanhu maumbirwo nzanga pasocial urongwa. Nokuti vemunharaunda iyi zvinosanganisira kugadzikana, kare dzakabudirira siyana sangano kwemajoini basa evanhu. Izvi zvingasanganisira Chokwadi, kupfungwa ehurumende, dzidzo, mhuri, etc. Basa chero munzanga sangano -. The Implementation zvimwe evanhu zvinodiwa vanhu. Kuri kuti kudiwa iyi ava sabatsira, Institute haizorambi hunomubatsira kana anoramba ari tsika. Somuenzaniso, panguva Soviet nguva yeRussian ari akatanga chitendero ndavhiyiwa kuchinja, uye kushanda vakarega kushanda se pasocial sangano dzakazara. Panguva ino, akatangazve kuona mamiriro ake zvizere uye kushanda zvakasununguka, pamwe nevamwe munzanga masangano.

Zvinotevera mhando evanhu nemasangano:

• urongwa;
• zvoupfumi;
• dzidzo;
• chitendero;
• mhuri.

All magariro masangano sezvo zvinhu evanhu maumbirwo vanhu vane ngozi yavo, hurongwa mitemo, uyewo kwegadziriro munzanga kudzora Implementation mitemo iyi.

Pasinei nezvimwe zvakafanana, munzanga sangano uye munzanga boka sepokuwana zvinhu evanhu mamiriro havana kufanana pfungwa, kunyange zvazvo zvingaita kutsanangura chete evanhu yevanhu. Social sangano zvainanga paumbwe imwe mhando ukama pakati vanhu tichiregeredza zvechechi dzemunharaunda. Kushandisa chete mashoko mitemo vanhu, akavapindurawo, zvinoumba evanhu mapoka. Panyaya iyi, basa nechimwe evanhu sangano zvainanga nevamwe akasiyana, kusarudza yakakodzera zvechechi maitiro munzanga.

Saka, magariro mamiriro, mumagariro mamiriro okunze kunorondedzerwa kunzwisisa nyika kubatana, sezvo huwandu vanhu makuru evanhu mapoka. An rinokosha iri kuridzwa kwete chete nokuda rekuremekedza yokushamwaridzana nevanhu, asi zvisina hunhu bhuku mapoka.