Short adjectives. Adjectives mu pfupi muchimiro

Chokwadi kuti chipauro kwakadaro, anozivikanwa ose wechikoro. Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva mitemo chiperengo wemigove kutaura, uyewo pamusoro chero boka, rakakamurwa nezvakadaro.

Vhuṱanzi

Chipauro mutezo kutaura kuti zvinonyatsorondedzera zvivako uye unhu zvinhu (somuenzaniso, cheya yekare), chiitiko (Zvaifadza tsaona), inoti (kunzwa simba), uye dzimwe mananara dzakapoteredza nyika (a youduku yakaoma). Mukuwedzera, chipauro rinoreva chinhu chomumwe munhu (mai vangu handbag, foxhole).

The Mhando chikuru

Zvichienderana sei uye chiratidzo chii runotaurwa chipauro kwakaita uye chii ane zvivakamutauro ehupfumi, chikamu ichi kutaura rakakamurwa zvinotevera mapoka:

• hama;
• unhu;
• possessive.

hama adjectives

boka iri rinorondedzera nzvimbo upi chiratidzo, chiito kana chinhu kuburikidza ukama wayo nevamwe features, chiito kana nyaya.

Heino mimwe mienzaniso: a bhukukesi, tangerine muto, mitambo zvevana, munhu rinoparadza, Brazil mupengo, kaviri ichivhuvhuta, zvitendero uye nezvimwewo.

Qualitative adjectives

boka kwakadaro ine maitiro ayo, anoti:

• Anoreva unhu zvinhu: (. Simba, gobvu, mukobvu, nezvimwewo) zera (kare), kukura (murwere), nokukurumidza (Broadband), ruvara (zvitema), unhu hwevanhu (zvakaipa), kuongororwa (zvakajairika), panyama ehupfumi.
• Forms dzakadaro inosiyana kuenzanisa, sezvo kwazvo (akasimba, kupfuura dzisinganyatsooneki, chinonyanya kukosha, chinokosha) uye kuenzaniswa (simba, wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose, zvikuru, uye zvichingodaro.).
• Vane pfupi siyana (semuenzaniso, kutsanya, mafuta, uye T simba. D.). Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti adjectives zvishoma inogona kuumbwa kwete zvose Qualitative.

possessive adjectives

Adjectives boka rakadaro sei mubvunzo "uyo?", Uye akataurawo nhengo chinhu mhuka (tsuro gomba, mukaka) kana murume (baba vangu chikwama, Petina machine). Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose possessive chipauro muchimiro zvipenyu emazita kushandisa suffixes akadai -nin, -zvinoshevedzera, vachiwirirana, -ev, Male.

Heino mimwe mienzaniso: sekuru - sekuru; baba - madzibaba nezvakadaro.

Quick chipauro

Kuwedzera kune hama kuparadzana, Qualitative uye possessive boka, chikamu ichi kutaura vakasiyana uye yakananga siyana. Saka, mumutauro Russian vari:

• pfupi;
• azere adjectives.

Uyezve, wokutanga inoumbwa worudzii rutapudzo wechipiri. Kuti tinzwisise kuti zvinhu zviri adjectives pfupi vanofanira kufunga zvose mitemo chokuita inotungamirwa dzavo uye chiperengo. Pashure pezvose, chete mashoko aya kuchaita kuti zvakarurama kushandisa chikamu ichi rwokutaura rugwaro acho, kana mune imwe kurukurirano nemumuromo.

kuguma

Adjectives mu pfupiso muchimiro risiri vane inotevera Generic kuvhara:

• Zvechikadzi - nokuguma -a. Heino mimwe mienzaniso: itsva, mutete, simba, wakawondereiko kudai, uye zvichingodaro.
• Masculine - a razero nemagumo. Mienzaniso inosanganisira: simba, simba, wakawondereiko kudai, itsva, akanaka uye yakananga.
• Neuter - kuzviuraya -o kana -e (akanaka, simba, simba, itsva, zvakaipa, dzakaondoroka, etc.).

Muzvizhinji, ndivo chero chechikadzi kusiyana chikamu iyi mubvunzo chimiro ichi zvisipo. Saka, adjectives zvose vane pfupi kuvhara kana va s (simba, simba, akanaka, itsva, ichiyevedza toschi etc.).

Features pfupi chimiro

Sezvaunogona kuona, chikamu ichi kutaura kunogona kuzendamira maternity pazororo uye nhamba. Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kuyeuka kuti pfupi adjectives makadaro pamusoro nyaya. Mune pfungwa, nhengo dzakadaro kazhinji vanoshumira se Predicate.

Heano perimer: Iye ari vakachenjera chaizvo. Panyaya iyi, shoko "akangwara" riri pfupi chipauro kuti anoita somunhu Predicate.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzimwe mhando rakapihwa mukukurukurirana wandei lexical tsika zvingaite pfupi chimiro chete mune vamwe vavo. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "murombo" hakusi pfupi chipauro kana rinoreva "pakutambudzika, vakasuruvara." Uyezve, vamwe adjectives Uyewo havagoni kuva vakakwana. Mashoko aya anogona kunzi vanofanira kufara, uye zvikuru adiwe.

Ndoupi musiyano pakati nhamba?

Short chimiro vane chete Qualitative adjectives. Vakasiyana nhamba nderokuziva morphological unhu. Kureva, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, rudzi cherudo kutaura kwakadaro haachinji pamusoro nyaya, uye anotarisira chete kune nhamba uye zera. Uyezve, adjectives mazita pfupi zvakasiyana zvizere syntactic basa. Saka, muna mutongo, vanoita kwete somunhu tsanangudzo, uye wakaita Predicate kana wayo zvinoriumba nhengo. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva vachiri kunzi tsananguro. Fani iyi kakawanda kuchengetwa yakatarwa zvirevo, kana ari mabasa zvavo uri (somuenzaniso, N, wakashama tsoka, masikati, musikana akanaka, akanaka navo, uye zvichingodaro.).

Chiperengo pfupi adjectives

To nemazvo shandisa pfupi siyana adjectives zvinokosha kudzidza mitemo chiperengo yavo.

1. Rakanyorwa kana nyoro chiratidzo panopera pfupi chipauro? nyaya iyi inonetsa vakawanda. Pashure pezvose, dzimwe nguva tinofanira kushandisa chikamu ichi kutaura paainyora chero wenyaya. Panyaya iyi rinozivikanwa kuti adjectives pfupi iri sibilants (pakupedzisira shoko) rakanyorwa pasina nyoro chiratidzo. Heuno muenzaniso: odorous, kupisa, munhu gobvu, chipingamupinyi, kufanana, zvakanaka, simba, uye zvichingodaro.
2. tsamba "H" iri muchidimbu adjectives Vangani? Rangarirai mutemo uyu zvikuru nyore. Mabhii "N" iri muchidimbu adjectives zvinochengeterwa mudura zvakafanana sezvo vakakwana. Heuno muenzaniso: mugwagwa uri refu (refu), mimics rakagadzirwa nevanhu (murume-akaita), kuti hwakanaka mambakwedza (tsuka meso) uye vamwe.
3. Sei iwe kuperetera "kwete" pamwe pfupi adjectives? Rangarirai mutemo uyu nyore chaizvo uye nyore. Asi ichi iwe azive kucharatidza PARTICIPLE "kwete" zvizere adjectives. Pashure pezvose, mune pfupi chimiro, mitemo iyi zvinochengetedzeka zvakazara. Nemamwe mashoko, "kwete" pfupi chipauro rinyorwe anawo nzira sezvo zvizere. Heuno muenzaniso: a mugwagwa nesimba (kuti rinorema, zvakaoma) - mugwagwa hakusi nyore (kureva, zvakaoma, zvakaoma). Muchiitiko chino, "kwete" rinofanira kunyorwa sezvo shoko rimwe. Zvisinei, kwakadaro PARTICIPLE pamwe pfupi adjectives zvakafanira kunyora oga, kana zvizere chimiro haasi inowanzoshandiswa. Heuno muenzaniso: kwete kugadzirira, kwete makagadzirira, kwete kugadzirira, vasina kugadzirira.
4. Muchidimbu adjectives pashure sizzling kuperetera tsamba "Haiwa" chete kana zviri pasi kunetseka. Somuenzaniso: mundiro ropisa, anosetsa murume.

Inotungamirwa pfupi adjectives

Pfupi marudzi adjectives vari inoumbwa kwakakwana siyana. Izvi kunoitika nokuwedzera narwo Generic harinzwi:

• razero kana munhurume;
• svikiro (-e kana -o);
• munhukadzi (-n kana -a).

Uyezve, pfupi adjectives zvingava akawanda (magumo S kana s) kana yakazonaka. Sezvo paumbwe zvakadaro siyana? mitemo ava nyore:

• Kana hwaro zvizere chipauro chinoguma mune tsamba nzvanyira, pashure nzvanyira (semuenzaniso, yakafara-s), pfupi chimiro chawo inoramba chete, kuti, haachinji (rakafara).
• Kana hwaro zvizere chipauro chinoguma mune tsamba nzvanyira, pashure yakafanana, ipapo paumbwe pfupi chimiro (chete rume) pakati pavo pane achitiza nzvanyira E kana o. Kupa muenzaniso Noin - znoen, mutadzi - mutadzi, akadzikama - calm, zvinoshamisa - unopinza, exuberant - vakasindimara, vachinyara - vachinyara, yakananga - zvakananga, Funny - pusa. Zvisinei, zvose mitemo pane kusaina. Saka, mashoko chipauro "dzakatsarukana" ndiyo pfupi chimiro - "akakodzera", iro anoita somunhu nzvanyira uye gona. Izvi imhaka yokuti shoko aumba kubva rokuti "chiremerera". Asi "kukudzwa" - chirairo "mubayiro."

Nhamba izere uye pfupi siyana adjectives

Mukuona lexical tsika dzinounzwa mhando nhatu ukama pfupi uye refu siyana adjectives

1. enzanirana pamusoro lexical zvinoreva (semuenzaniso, rimwe zuva akanaka uye zuva riri, zvakanaka mwana akanaka uye kukambaira akanaka).

2. rienderane chete zvimwe tsika:

• "Venhema" nenzira yokureva "nyepera." Panyaya iyi, pfupi chimiro haako.
• "Venhema" nenzira yokureva "mhango". Panyaya iyi, pfupi muchimiro "phony."
• "Varombo" nenzira yokureva "vasingafari". Panyaya iyi, pfupi chimiro haako.
• "Varombo" nenzira yokureva "murombo." Panyaya iyi, pfupi muchimiro "murombo".

3. pfupi chimiro chinoonekwa somunhu kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro ndi uye dzakasiyana yavo izere ukoshi:

• pfupi chimiro chinoratidza nguva chiratidzo, uye azere - kugara (semuenzaniso, mwana uye kukambaira murwere anorwara);
• pfupi chimiro zvinoratidza kunyanya kuratidzwa dzezviratidzo (semuenzaniso, akwegura mbuya kana mbuya yekare);
• refu chimiro anoratidza pasinei chiratidzo, uye pfupi - pamusoro ukama kuti chinhu (somuenzaniso, yakamanikana mapfekero uye nemapfekero kusanyatsotsanangurwa).
• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, tsika vaviri mhando adjectives zvokuti yakashatiswa mumufambiro kuti vari kushandiswa uye ndaona sezvo mashoko zvakasiyana (somuenzaniso, chinangwa rwacho zvakanga zvakajeka uye kunze pachena).