Shindand, Afghanistan: uto chiito, mapikicha

Chii guru pamusoro Shindand muna Afghanistan? Chii ruvengo yaitwa? On vamwe mibvunzo iyi uye isu achapindura munyaya ino. Shindand itaundi uye weruwa muzinda Shindand Province Gerant rimire Afghanistan nyika. Rakavakwa pamusoro nzvimbo Iranian Ages guta Sabzevar.

tsananguro

Ose mugari Afghanistan Shindand anozivikanwa somunhu guta rakanaka. On hwokumusoro pamucheto Banga raiiswa hombe (wehurumende uye mauto), kushandisa mhepo rengarava OKSVA panguva Afghan War (1979-1989.). Nhasi pamusoro payo wakaiswa American mhepo simba, kuti Afghan Anti-Taliban mauto uye Italian kubatana.

Zvinhu Zvikuru Shindand (Afghanistan) akanyudzwa rin'i mugwagwa, inova mari iri Iranian zviremera ichangobva kuiswa pamuganhu (Western zvose) pamwe Iran, Afghanistan. Afghan Army anokurudzira akasununguka zvokurapa kiriniki kupa mishonga yemo venguva. Nepariri, guta anoiswa pamahombekombe omupata Zirka - mumwe guru Poppy centre kumadokero Afghanistan.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti shoma contingent revarwi Soviet muna Afghanistan (OKSVA) - iri zita pamutemo of USSR Armed Forces mapoka iri kusvikira muna 1989 muna Republic of Afghanistan.

Masimba uye nzira

Chii chinozivikanwa Shindand (Afghanistan)? Zvinozivikanwa kuti Herat mudunhu waibatanidzwa rokufambira basa iri 5th Motorized Guards Division ( "PPD" guta: Shindand uye Herat) OKSVA uye somutariri zvokusvika kwayo zvachose nzvimbo.

Ground mauto uye nzira weboka vaiva:

• 101st Motorized pfuti hondo (Herat);
• 12th Motorized pfuti Guards (Herat);
• 371 fung Motorized pfuti Guards (Shindand);
• 1060 fung atirari hondo (Shindand);
• 650th ushori rechiuto unoparadzanisa Prague Order Aleksandra Nevskogo (Shindand);
• 68th vakaparadzana sapper-ouinjiniya Guards rechiuto (Shindand) uye vamwe.

ruvengo

Vakawanda vanoda kufunga mifananidzo Shindand (Afghanistan). Zvinozivikanwa kuti munguva kubva July 1980 kusvika April 1984 mudunhu Herat, vari mumaruwa ose Shindand uye Herat, inokosha basa mauto vakaperekedza "Cascade" (anokosha mauto vamapoka KGB), "Karpaty-1", "Karpaty".

Zvekufamba inokosha waivako aibatanidza maoko akavhiyiwa kuti andobata ukrepzony "Kokarev-Sharshara" vakazadzwa yakafara pamberi kure dzemakomo dziri Iran-Afghanistan muganhu nharaunda, mune nyaya apo nedzenyu kushanda akasimbisa mutungamiriri OKSVA akakura.

Kumhara ndege achiwana tactical kurwisa panzira yokumakomo nzvimbo mapurovhinzi Herat uye vakauya mamwe mativi uye mapoka OKSVA. Saka, nokuti mukuru muchiuto muitiro "Musungo" muna 1986, muna Herat mudunhu, musi August 19-25 dzaibatanidzwa:

• 149th Motorized pfuti hondo cheVarindi uye 201st Motorized pfuti Division (Kunduz);
• 345-fung vakaparadzana kuenda neherikoputa parachuti hondo (Bagram);
• 28th atirari hondo reactive yechi40 Army (Shindand);
• Muganhu murindi hweOttoman-bazarsky ksape.

mauto emuchadenga

Masoja kuti vari munzvimbo Shindand (Afghanistan), vakarwa? Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvokufambisa zvinangwa, pamwe chete nenyika neuto OKSVA mukurwa muchiuto pamushandirapamwe kwaisanganisira: ungwaru, kurwisa, murwi-bhomba ndege. Utungamiriri Air Force zvakatangwa rechi40 Army huru kwaisanganisirawo kushandisa kurohwa kubhomba (Masvingo).

Murayiro rechi40 Army mupurovhinzi Herat kushandisa mhepo mhepo dzakabatana:

• Rechi17 vakaparadzana hondo ksapy (Turkmen SSR) - Airbase Mary, ane hondo vaKorose N. Romaniuk;
• 302-fung yoga neherikoputa dzechikwata - mudunhu Herat, Shindand Air Base;
• 303rd vakaparadzana neherikoputa dzechikwata - mudunhu Herat, Herat pabhesi;
• 335th Helicopter hondo yoga - muruwa Nangarhar, Jalalabad Air Base;
• 378 fung Attack Aviation hondo yoga - muruwa Parwan, Kandahar, Bagram, Kandahar;
• 50th Aviation hondo vakaparadzana vakavhengana Kabul Airport;
• 200th Aviation vakaparadzana Assault dzechikwata - Shindand chiteshi;
• 154th Fighter-bhomba hondo unoparadzanisa - Kandahar chiteshi;
• 378 fung Aviation hondo yoga dzepabonde - Shindand Banga.

gedhi wokudenga

Munoziva, kuti aiva Shindand Banga (Afghanistan)? Photos of chinhu rinotaurwa pazasi. Kutaura zvazviri, chirwere ichi riri pedyo Shindand, panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro 1158 M pamusoro pegungwa. Zvinonzi akashongedzerwa ane runway 2700 x 48 M Ini EIA-302 (yoga neherikoputa dzechikwata - "Mi-8Mt", "Mi-24" kuti vakakoshesa "MI-6"). Akaratidza kumadokero Afghanistan. Zone pakati anofambisa: hupamhi - kubva Soviet vatorwa (Turagundi-Kushka) kumaodzanyemba chikamu zvokuvhoterwa - murenje Gerishka, Zaranj, Lashkar Gah (Loshkarevki) uye zvadaro, muna Longitude - kubva Iran kuzodzosera pagomo Chaghcharan.

Muna 1986, musi 22 December, kuti Kuronga 302nd EIA achitungamirirwa wevarwi Shvetsova yakatsiva "Alexander mutema zana" uye akapedza basa iri chinzvimbo "Wild Division Shvetsova" muna 1987, musi 23 October.

Nhasi Airbase inoshandiswa kutsigira Inter-dzinza kuchengeteka simba (ISAF). Panhandare yendege, I-838 iri kutumirwa uye expeditionary Advisory boka States Air Force. Boka paChikoro ISAF uye NATO Training Mission muna Afghanistan.

In Shindand ndiye zvakare Bapiro Afghan National Army Air Force rechitatu.

Operation "Musungo"

In kwechiuto akavhiyiwa guta Shindand (Afghanistan) zvaibatanidzwa? Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 1986, musi waAugust 18-26, Soviet mauto ari Afghanistan kunze rechiuto oparesheni codenamed "Musungo." Yakanga yakakura-pamwero aibatanidza maoko mhepo-pasi rutsigiro, iyo yakaitwa kumadokero muruwa Herat. Chinangwa kwemajoini kuronga uye akavhiyiwa OKSVA Semi-pamutemo ehondo BSN (Ministry of Affairs Internal, Ministry of State Security uye BC BSN) raiva kuparadza miviri pakupa logistics uye nhengo zviumbu ari Afghan kushorwa nezvombo "United Western mapoka 'inozivikanwa mutungamiriri munda Ismail Khan.

The chiito akanga kuitwa zvikamu zvitatu nechemberi runoshamisa gomo uye nebani munyika dzine pamuganhu pamwe Iran, nzvimbo ine makomo uye County Sharshara Herat yekare. Pamapani wokutanga uye wechitatu zvokukura kuvhiyiwa wokukwenenzvera nzvimbo yakabatana Herat, kubva nenhengo mapoka zveko mugomo kukunda pechingoro nharaunda "Kokarev-Shayshari" - chinokosha kupfuura nemunyika uye rutsigiro pfungwa riri pamuganhu Iran.

oparesheni ichi kwave kuchizivikanwa somumwe anobudirira zvikuru pamwero mukuru vasanganiswa-maoko mabasa yenhau OKSVA hondo Afghan (1979-1989 gg.).

pokurwa

By kushanda "Western" dzaibatanidzwa uye zviyero OKSVA: 5th Motorized Infantry Guards Division, riri muruwa Herat, ari 149th Motorized pfuti Guards (Kunduz) uye 345th kuenda neherikoputa parachuti vakaparadzana Guards (Bagram), ndainakidzwa Air Force masimba pamusoro airbases Shindand, Kabul Bagram, Mary (Turkmen SSR) uye Jelalabad. Kubva zuva vaiita BSN rechi17 Infantry Division, 5th warrior Brigade nevamwe.

Kufa Kurwisa ndege "Su-25"

Saka, imi munotoriziva kuti Shindand Air Base (Afghanistan) ari ruvengo vakatora Zvinoshingaira. Pamwe ivhu mauto okuchembera mauto akaita kurwisa ndege "Su-25" 378th oshap kutora kure chinhu Airbase Shindand. Dzavo panyanya bhomba kurwiswa vakanga zvainanga kuparadzwa engineering kukurukurirana riri pedyo mutsetse pamwe Iran - munzvimbo "Kokarev-Sharshara" chawo nharaunda, uye kudzvinyirira muvengi vachiridzira pfungwa.

Panguva iyoyowo, mano Anti ndege zu-23-4 uye zvakasiyana-siyana MANPADS muvengi nguva akamutsa mhinduro kunangidzirwa moto yakadaro. Muna 1986, August 23, British Blowpipe MANPADS (zvombo "pasi-kuti-mhepo") kurwisa nyika porubezhnye Iran yakarohwa "Su-25" 378th oshap, akatungamirirwa Captain AG Smirnov. Board panguva ino iri huru kumauto akarongwa uye kunze svetuka.

Ndege akatanga kuruka pamusoro mupumburu kubva akatadza kudzora uye akanga chapedzwa. Mutyairi akakwanisa buritsa, akanga abviswa neherikoputa kubva panzvimbo kumhara.

pakafunuka

Kana uto kuvhiyiwa muna Herat mudunhu (1986, August 18), hondo wavarwi akagadza mapoka vaitungamirira. Kutungamirira vakaenda chinangwa anoratidza uchenjeri uye kuzvidzora akatungamirira 24 zvakawanda vashandi, kutungamirirwa Hari Rud rwizi mubhedha.

Chinangwa sandara chokutambudzika pamushandirapamwe kwaiva kugovera kuchengeteka uye warrior mbiru zvinofamba motokari munzira "Kushka - Herat - Kandahar", akatakura vemauto, dzavanhu uye zvavo nenhumbi muna Helmand uye Kandahar neyenyika.

Assault kubhombiwa vezvikepe vaifanira kubvisa nzvimbo Herat kurwisa muvengi nokuparadza Mujahideen kwezvivako. The Vols rwakatora kwevhiki dzakawanda. Pandaiva apedza hwakanyanya kubva Kandahar uye Shindand akaenda nadzo uye varwi vapinda mhepo helicopters. Top akanga pachena zvinoonekwa, sezvo raiva guru-pamwero oparesheni.

Mhedziso 5-1 Guards. MSD kubva ravarwi kubva Shindand - Herat - Turugundi - Kushka akatanga, maererano purogiramu, January 29, 1989. Rounding kudzinga PP 371 SMEs, PP 101 SMEs. Output nokupesana yakaguma muna 1989, musi February 15. In nzvimbo yechigarire nekutumirwa kwemauto chikwata yaiva Kushka.