Convergent venhau: pfungwa, marudzi. michina New nhau

Risingaperi yaibvira yedu mashoko mazuva akaisa Vector nokukurumidza kukura kwete vhoriyamu uye unhu mashoko, asiwo panzira mharidzo yacho vakwanise vateereri. Uye chikuru mutyairi zvose izvi convergence mashandiro, umo miganhu uye zvipingamupinyi urongwa zhinji iri nyore tisisipo, ndiwo chidzoke idzva mashoko uye yekufambisa.

Chokutanga chaihwo simba nezvazvinoreva transformations nhau, saka tenzi nhau itsva ruzivo platforms, uye yakagozha nzira chokuendesa neizvozvi.

Kwakatangira yazvino muitiro

Ziendamberi akararama kukosha convergence venhau muna 1970, wakapinda kushandiswa American nyanzvi Denieel Bell - munyori dzidziso paumbwe post-maindasitiri munzanga. Panguva iyoyo, iri izwi rinoreva kwemapazi makombiyuta, phones, TVs ari zvakafanana rwokugadzira namano.

Zvisinei, chete chete pakutanga 90s, kana Indaneti yakanga kutsanya uye kwakapararira pakati mamiriyoni vanoshandisa, convergent venhau ave nokugamuchira KUDA simba kubva "nguva nenguva nyaya" kune vaizotibata kupfuura zvinowanika ruzivo nhepfenyuro. Uye vokupedzisira 20 apfuura, pfungwa Multimedia vanotanga zvakakomba inokurukurwa madenderedzwa ounyanzvi.

Global kusangana pezvakaitwa

Fusion dzakasiyana Genres ose nhau (pachaunga redhiyo, terevhizheni, online nhau) rinoitwa zvakawanda zvinodiwa siyana. Uye mumwe nomumwe wavo rwakadini convergence uye ahwo zvakasiyana-siyana:

1. Chinonyanya "chinyakare" pamwero convergence unyanzvi midziyo yaishandiswa venhau kuunganidza uye muitiro ruzivo zvinhu. pezvakaitwa Similar kubereka chidzoke rezvishandiso zvitsva kuti mishonga izvo zvinoda rakakodzera pamwero kugona.
2. Naizvozvo, rinotevera pamwero iri achiva convergence kuti professionalism (ruzivo, zivo, unyanzvi). Vashandi akasiyana madhipatimendi uye vapepeti ikashandiswa kuva chete chikwata kuti kukura Multimedia zvinhu.
3. Mune ramangwana, zvikuru kunzwisisa, yakafara uye pahunosiya kugutsikana youduku pave ose preconditions kuti kudyidzana pakati nhau (anodhinda, redhiyo, terevhizheni, uye zvichingodaro. D.), Rose Genres, inova yepamusoro kukura convergent venhau rose.

Tichifunga Multimedia-inobva mharidzo mashoko, mhangura-makambani vanhasi rokupa kugutsikana kwavo widest kuwanda zvenhau platforms (kana Somuenzaniso, Internet redhiyo, pepanhau iri paIndaneti pachikuva kana Web-TV urongwa).

Broadly kutaura, Latin izwi «convergo» kunosanganisira kwete chete yakawiriranwa simba chero mananara nepedyo, asi risina parinogumira kugovana michina, ruzivo zvinoreva. Zvino zvakaitika Chiitiko pakati convergent venhau, yakawiriranwa kusangana anooneka somunhu muitiro tama mashoko chete kuburikidza dzinotevedzana nhau (rwezuva, maCD uye mavhidhiyo) kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana Kukurukura migero (anodhinda, redhiyo, terevhizheni uye inonyanya kufarirwa ano Manyorerwo - Indaneti).

michina New nhau

The kupararira Indaneti kwakaita kuti kwemapazi dzinozivikanwa vakaparadzana Genres mashoko kutepfenyurwa mune rimwe Unit, kuti kunyange ichangopfuura kare sokuti zvachose musimbise.

Kare, munhu, kuti vadzidze pamusoro nhau, zvakanga zvakakodzera kushandisa redhiyo. Kuti uone zviri kuitika kupinda zvinogoneka chete uchibatsirwa TV. A ruzivo rwakakura uye hwakadzama anotarisirwa chete mapeji eShanduro itsva pepanhau.

The kuitika okumugamuchira nhau convergence unokubvumira chokubatanidza maCD, mavhidhiyo uye rugwaro mashoko mukati mumwe akadhindwa. Chokwadi, muitiro pakusika munhu Multimedia chigadzirwa kunoda ruzivo, unyanzvi uye zvinhu mari. Recent zvakajeka akaratidza kudiwa kuva simba uye functionality pamusoro midziyo zvakakodzera, kubhadhara basa Photo uye mavhidhiyo fora nyanzvi (tisingatauri vapepeti, vatori venhau, uye zvichingodaro. N.).

Saka, rwokugadzira zvinhu, kuunza ichangobva okuchengetera nhau vanokwanisa kuchengeta munhu mawa rinoonekwa, rwezuva uye ruzha data, zvakagadzirira rakabudirira kusangana rwokubudisa, redhiyo uye terevhizheni mugomba chete mashoko kupfuma.

Kwemapazi nhau uye yekufambisa mune rimwe journalistic idenderedzwa

Dzichichinja nhau nzvimbo (a yakatarwa kupfuura mukurumbira yekufambisa / rubatsiro munyika) imwe nzira kana mumwe anounza kupesana usingaoneki mu panhengo ano nhau, tichitarisa izvo zvinoita govera yose convergent venhau Genres:

1. Media - mabhuku zvakakwana hurongwa yemunyika, aisimbirira imwe nharaunda. mabasa avo vari kungopfeka mumwe zvinoumba nhau: pepanhau, redhiyo, terevhizheni kana Internet upfumi. It akadai nzira inonyanya kwakakwana kunoratidza kuti vaverengi nhasi kunzi "tsika nhau". Maererano convergence ari muchikwata ichi yemanyorero chinozoiswa mukati 1-2 kare inorondedzerwa nhanho.
2. Hypermedia - the Genre pamusoro convergent venhau haringorevi vezvenhau kuchikuva mumwe chete kununura kugutsikana kwavo. Somuenzaniso, imwe paIndaneti pepanhau iri rakabudiswa muna papepa. It vose zvavo vakawanda chimwe chinorehwa nemashoko okuti "Multimedia" / - ibatanidzo mashoko ari murugwaro vanoverengeka kutarisana, makaseti, Graphics uye nedzimwe nzira kupa ruzivo. Kusangana kupinda hypermedia ukuwo, kunoitika panguva zvose zvitatu zvese.
3. Transmedia - asi zvakawanda Genre, kukurukurirana pamusoro izvo zvichiri kuramba nhasi. Pfungwa iri inobhadharwa network (muenzaniso mumwe transmedia), izvo ayo chaizvoizvo ari chete pamwe nhaka zvinhu uye nevezvenhau mabasa. Panyaya iyi, vakabvunza anogutsikana zvikuru mashoko kukosha, t. To. It akasikwa uye mubasa fora kwete venhau, uye vanoshandisa vari kurerekera zvikurukuru kune zvimwe kukurukura (unotaurwa) zvinoreva aramu. Mukuwedzera, kwakadaro nhau pachikuva anoenda aro functionality uye kushanda kure mhiri neumwe venhau, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinokurudzira kwete kuonekwa chakakomba utsanzi. Pashure transmedia zvinopa vanoshandisa pamwe kwete chete journalistic mabasa, asi kushambadza, varaidzo kugutsikana, uye zvakawanda.

Cross-zvenhau anofanana

Shoko rokuti "nhau unga" rinowanzoshandiswa chikatsiviwa nyanzvi - "muchinjikwa-vezvenhau". Izvi chaizvoizvo nokuda napedyo yematemu izvi. Asi vose zvakafanana, musiyano pakati pavo idukusa ari generalized zvinoreva yokupedzisira.

Cross-vezvenhau hazvo rinoreva kushandiswa Bhuku dzinenge mbiri nhepfenyuro platforms (anodhinda, terevhizheni, digitaalinen, etc.), uye kugovera tigutsikane kuti nhamba unyanzvi mano (TVs, mapiritsi, smartphones, etc .. Gadgets). Kunoratidzwa marudzi akasiyana platforms mumabasa ayo uye anoita muchinjikwa nhau venhau.

Nzira dzokuwana Multimedia zvinhu

Convergent venhau nguva dzose kunosanganisira kushandisa mabhuku akasiyana-siyana maCD, mavhidhiyo uye Photographic zvokuvakisa, nokuparadzira navo sezvo kwazvo zvakawanda nhepfenyuro mano. Rakanga riri yakadaro nyore yokungotaura musimboti inovakwa zvakaoma kuzviita muitiro rokutsvaka, anobviswa mashoko kubudiswa uye kunyoresa venhau:

• Mishumo kubva kumunda hazvo aitwe kushandisa vhidhiyo makamera uye haizopereri kugadzwa rinonyatsooneka nguva. Somuenzaniso, kana basa anodhinda nhau uye dzimwe nguva kunosanganisira kupfura video, ipapo kunobva nemudiwa TV makwara.
• Kuwedzera kune izvi, vose zvinoreva zvakakodzera uye zvakakodzera mifananidzo.
• Full kusangana yokushanda vose vashandi pakasikwa zvenhau tigutsikane. Zvikwata vatapi dzakasiyana dzenyika Multimedia boka chimiro mumwe kana mumwe vakarongwa mune mumwe, kuita kwete chete misoro kutsvaka mashoko, asi nekurangarira kuti kutarisana akaitwa zvirimo. Muchiitiko chino, pane pamwe basa Database, Infographics uye dzimwe nhau zvinhu.
• Pakupedzisira, regai kumutadzisa pamwe pakati akasiyana vezvenhau vezvenhau pakasikwa pamwe zvirongwa, kutsvaka uye fora mashoko.

Dzimwe nguva mamiriro unga nevezvenhau inofananidza zvakawanda uye paIndaneti venhau, chinova nani kururama tinyatsonzwisisa mashoko mari. Sezvo ivo anowanika paIndaneti, zvinobudisa nzira kusika zvinhu kwavari ndiko chete wokuwedzera chinhu nerubatsiro kugutsikana, asi asingaiti kutepfenyurwa mwero format.

nenhamba ichikosha

In kwezana, bhuku, nheyo iyo yakavakirwa zvakananga paIndaneti, akapiwa yoga zita rayo muchikwata - digitaalinen venhau. Dzimwe nguva izvi izwi rinoshandiswa zvakafanana ne "nokupenya-nhau" (Rinobva Adobe Flash software, iri nyore uye nevakawanda chokushandisa kusika, rokubudisa uye fora Multimedia kugutsikana paIndaneti).

Kunze kwokushandisa World Wide Web zvinhu rokusika uye pave kugutsikana kwavo, digitaalinen reThe uyewo pfungwa kutsvaka zvinyorwa zviri zvakatipoteredza-siyana samambure mari. Izvi zvinosanganisira Blogs, nhau site, RSS-Feeds, network.

Digital nhau (kuva paIndaneti pepanhau, imwe nhau nzvimbo, uye zvichingodaro. D.) Pakarepo chokuita unga pamusoro nhandare waro Multimedia nezvaanogona uye kushandisa Indaneti platforms kuti kugutsikana.

Notes kubva vatsoropodzi

Zvisinei, Fusion dzakasiyana Genres nhau chete chinogona kwete pasina mutsoropodzi uye Vocal vavengi. Saka, mashoko akaipa kurutivi unga vezvenhau zvinosanganisira inhau kunaka inosimbisa zvinhu.

Handiregi uye vaitirane nharo pamusoro kana zvenhau makambani anogona kushanda sechinhu nyanzvi pamwe chete kugutsikana, nacho pamusoro platforms siyana. Uye kuteerera kwakadaro rusununguko kwete West, asiwo mumhuri venhau, idzo nhasi ane zvizhinji guru nevezvenhau venhau.

Zvikaguma anowana zvinodhura kutsikisa muverengi?

Media budiriro hakusi chete zvinobvira synthesize mune zviri mapikicha, mavhidhiyo uye ekuteerera, asiwo akaita vakasuma kukwanisa kuwedzera hyperlinks Bhuku vemamwe zvinhu kusuma dyidzana siyana kuvhota, ratings uye mashoko. Hatigoni kubvumirana kuti wakadaro handicho chete zvavataura uye zvakasiyana-siyana kugutsikana, asi Kunochinjawo Maonero kwayo yekudyidzana hwose. Somuenzaniso, kana ari chinyakare Genres orugwaro kazhinji vanoita zvinhu anodzidzisa basa, vezvenhau mabhuku basa iri ringadaro rakatopfava kupiwa vhidhiyo kana PHOTOS. A shoko iri nyaya pakukurirwa sevapristi rinotsanangura nemashoko, inogadziridza, musoro wenhau.

Kana vateereri, ayo pusa hunhu mutengi hwachinja uye zvino inozivikanwa zvikuru basa vaverengi vane, akavapindurawo, zvinoreva nezvainoita munda mashoko. Muchiitiko chino, vanoshandisa vaiva mikana yakakwana kuti nomumwe kusarudza ari kutsvakwa format, nenyaya uye yezvinoreva zvaida mashoko.

On chii vanofanira venhau itsva nhasi

Rapid pasi pose misika ruzivo kusingadzivisiki kunyangarika chero miganhu pakati pavo Vakamumukira mushure convergence pamusoro kadambari, nhepfenyuro uye foni michina pamwe nemumwe.

Ano nhau zvinhu Anonyanyowanika nezvatinovavarira chaipo chidzitiro. Kuratidzirwa video, mapikicha, Graphics yekudyidzana inowedzera kuverenga mashoko, rinomiririra zvizere uwandu pawo mamwe muchidimbu chimiro. Panguva imwe chete akaita anofambidzana siyana inzwi, mufananidzo uye rugwaro; Uyezve, padanho kunaka kwacho iri kungogumira unyanzvi okusika yevashandi uye pfuma.

Uyezve, basa rinokosha pakugadzirwa itsva venhau Mitambo uye voruzhinji, vakagamuchira akasiyana rusununguko rwekutaura nokuda kwaita vatambi zvinhu munhau nezvinhu. Mazana Mashoko uye zviuru mavhoti ari musarudzo, ratings uye voruzhinji kuvhota - izvi zvose rava chombo rokushandisa zvazvinoita pamusoro mashoko svikiro, iyo kunokanganisa Vector kuti kukura zvenhau tigutsikane.

Media zvakatipoteredza anosarudza kuziva

Kusanganisa siyana nevezvenhau Ezvemutauro imwe chigadzirwa anogadza zvinodiwa itsva uye tsika mubasa venhau avo nhasi vanosungirwa nhaka zvakasiyana-siyana unyanzvi akakodzera kuti unhu kwemashoko ari yakafanira format. Pazvinangwa izvi zvinoda itsva mukana wokushandiswa venhau vari nhau bhora, uyewo pakubata nezvirwere zvakasiyana uye hunhu zvinhu.

Nokuti chinonyanya yakarurama zviri zvakarurama pamanyorerwo uye zviri kudenga nepanyika vezvenhau mushandi anofanira kukwanisa nenyanzvi aite pasi rose-siyana mabasa. Pakati pavo:

• mano mavhidhiyo yakarekodwa;
• Kunyora zvakwo uye kuverenga chinyorwa;
• Audio Podcast kutsikisa;
• fora unyanzvi;
• ruzivo pamwe blogerskogo nharaunda.

Rondedzera Profile yavo, wenhau itsva

Current zvinodiwa inotaura kuvapo chaiwo, Multimedia-mhando kufunga mu mushandi mumwe circumscribed bhora. Uye akaratidza, kunyanya unyanzvi:

• kukwanisa kuzoposhera mavhidhiyo mishumo uye kuti kutora mifananidzo yetumedu;
• kushanda pamwe siyana ekombiyuta (kunyanya chokuita nokuziva basa kugadzwa zvirongwa);
• kufamba paIndaneti, kushanda pamwe yepamusoro uye anodzidzisa zvinyorwa;
• zvakanyanya uye nokukurumidza kubereka nhau tigutsikane samambure pfuma;
• muitiro nekufambisa volumetric mashoko omumasherufu dzemakaseti okuteerera nemavhidhiyo;
• blogerskogo nomugungwa mumunda (kusanganisira pano haisi chete kutsvaka ruzivo asiwo zvakananga kuitisa Blogs siyana);
• kuwanikwa nokuti basa uye chikwata chero nguva zuva kana usiku.

Somugumisiro, zviri zvakafanana akagadzirwa competencies uye unyanzvi wenhau rinorondedzera yairova nokuti unhu mune zvakasikwa hakusi nyore pamusoro maumbirwo mabhuku Multimedia.

Mukupedzisira, chinhu chikuru

All ano vaverengi ruzivo mumabhuku nyaya dzakasiyana uye zvinogona zvakadaro kupupura zvikuru kuchinja. Tarisiro kukura convergent nhau kwete chete abut yezwi nhepfenyuro zvakarukwa pachikuva uye kusikwa warwo Website. Kwakadaro hafu-matanho, izvo inowanzoshandiswa duku convergent venhau nhau kwematunhu uye ezvokutengeserana sandara, nekusiyana ndivo regression kukura nezverairo itsva mhando zvenhau.

Musimboti yezwi ichidaro mune unga zvakatipoteredza kushandisa akawandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvishandiso mashoko ari chete akadhindwa. Siyana chinyorwa tigutsikane zvakasiyana, yepamusoro Graphics zvigadzirwa, akachangamuka, photo, video, ruzha, kutanga kuwana kuti muverengi abatanidzwewo zvinhu vateereri - ndizvo zvose pane chii chaizvoizvo anochengeta revatema mashoko venhau, achipa vanoshandisa chinonhuwira, nyore kunzwisisa mashoko anodzidzisa pamwe kunonyanyisa zvakajeka uye vakasununguka kutaura woga zvinhu.

Mubvunzo chaiwo chete, kushanda izvo chete kuwedzera panguva yose nguva Kugadzirwa unga nhau - ndiwo kugona kudzidzisa basa, unyanzvi uye Mindset kuti vanofanira kukwanisa kupa vateereri pamwe Multimedia kugutsikana here high quality.