Rokutanga chibvumirano: nguva yose chibvumirano uye mamwe mabhuku uye zviri pamutemo zvinhu

Legislative nhoroondo kuvapo rokutanga chibvumirano ane kwemazana emakore akawanda. The rokutanga chibvumirano (pactum mu contrahendo) raiva chiratidzo magweta Roman. chibvumirano Izvi richengetwe mune Russian pre-echimurenga uye Soviet vehurumende mutemo. Nokudaro, CC of RSFSR muna 1922 kwepamutemo zvaiitikawo pre-echimurenga Russian vehurumende mutemo kondirakiti kutengesa imba yokugara, izvo vanosungirwa vechikamu pashure imwe nguva (chero kuti shoko rokuti the chibvumirano), akaita pre-kugamuchira mumwe - kutengeswa. The kudiwa rokutanga chibvumirano kwakakonzerwa nezvokuvapo vamwe nezvipingamupinyi kana kuti kushaya chero mamiriro ezvinhu kuti mhedziso yayo.

Russian musayendisiti-jurist GF Mago akataura kuti chikonzero kwemamiriro sale, kugadzwa yapfuura musi okutengesa chibvumirano inogona kuchinjwa, pangava kusava proprietary kodzero, kana kuti muridzi ne kurambidza. The Civil Code makore iwayo haana kutaura rokutanga chibvumirano, asi mukana mhedziso yayo zvine musoro anotevera kubva zvinoreva zviri Civil Code, izvo akabvumira chidzoke yevagari dzevanhu, kwete basa nomutemo, regai kupikisana nazvo. In upfumi tsika makore iwayo yaisanganisira rokutanga zvibvumirano, kunyanya munzvimbo romugove kana dzaishandiswa ukama, apo kururama kwemashoko chibvumirano pakati pomugove Somuenzaniso, kwagara dambudziko. Mune vakaronga upfumi wepamutemo configuration ane chibvumirano chakadaro haana zvakanaka aiti nokuti kuti vakawanda zvibvumirano paiva huru, iyo pachayo pakutsvaga urongwa rokuti chesungano.

Kubva pamusika kuchinja nzvimbo contractual sungiro kunobva huru, akaitirwa kutora tsika ezvinhu rokutanga zvibvumirano. Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union muna kunyatsogona Civil Mitemo rokuti zvakaitika yaro muna 1991. Izvi normative Chiito kunorondedzerwa sezvakarayirwa mhedziso, nguva ukoshi chesungano nemamwe mitoro, kusanganisira mutemo pamusoro tichigombedzerwa kugumisa chibvumirano. Kunyatsogona haana kupa chairo mazita rokutanga zvibvumirano. Zvingava zvibvumirano kuti kutengeswa mabasa uye mabasa, etc.

Zvino, ari basa refu contractual ukama, kuguma vechikamu dzevagari ukama pakati zvibvumirano izvi uye kuchengetedza kwavari chinokosha zvakadaro nzvimbo isina, sezvo shoko iri chibvumirano, zvinova kunokosha chizenga.

Kazhinji, chisarudzo pamusoro kwemamiriro chibvumirano kunoda kunzwisisa uye wakareba Nhaurirano, pashure inodhura regadziriro basa dzimwe nguva zvinoda zvikuru nyanzvi unyanzvi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mubvunzo ndewokuti, kana kuchava mari chakakonzerwa namaneja mune pre-gadziriro chibvumirano, nzira zvaparadzwa.

Kuongororwa pamutemo zvakaita rokutanga chibvumirano runoita kuti chibvumirano ichi ane vanoverengeka chaiwo zvinhu. Sezvo chibvumirano zviri yakasiyana avo umo yemberi makaita yakarongwa nesekondari zvemupiro kukasaitwa chibvumirano. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kugadzirira kwemamiriro chibvumirano, vadzidzi dzinoumba dzakati kuti chinangwa. Gwaro rakanyorwa migumisiro kubudirira uye akagamuchira yakananga mitoro (chokuita kuenderera Nhaurirano uye kusaina esungano) kwenguva chaiyo munguva.

Protocol nechinangwa zvinogona kubatsira mukubata mari yacho kutengeserana, kuwana chikwereti, gadziriro mabhizimisi plan, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko kudzidzira. Gwaro rino zvingava Somuenzaniso, yekusimbisa Zvidavirire pamusoro vakapedza chikonzero nhaurirano uye debiting kuti mari nesangano ravo. Zvisinei, sezvo nevamwe nzira Kuda kutamba iri nhaurirano kwacho, munhu dzakati nechinangwa haakumanikidzi kuti signatories kuti muite kupinda mune ramangwana contractual ukama.