Polar aiongorora Peter Freih: Biography, upenyu pachake, zvakawanikwa uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Peter Lorenz Edfred Freih (02.02.1886-02.09.1957) - Danish Arctic aiongorora, munyori dzakawanda mabhuku, nezvevanhu uye mutori. Biography yake, upenyu hwake pachake uye kufamba zvichabviswa yakatsaurirwa nyaya yedu. Vakawanda muupenyu Peter Freih chokuita Soviet Union. Akashanyira Russia uye chikamu dzakaitwa kweArctic kukura. Iyewo collaborated neSoviet polar vatsvakurudzi. Uye zvatinoziva pamusoro upenyu hwake pachake? Vanoti akagara Zimbabwe, uye akatora kusvikira mukadzi eskimo? Vari pamifananidzo Arctic mupanguri anotarisa semhare chaiyo. Kunyanya munharaunda nemudzimai wake Petite. Chii - kutadza retro mapikicha kana Freih chaizvoizvo kutambura gigantism? mabhuku zvaanenge zvakanyorwa? Vanogona verenga munhu asina mano mune zvesayenzi mazwi? ichi zvose ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Biography, kutanga basa mufambi

Peter Freyhen akaberekerwa mutaundi Nykøbing, Denmark, February 2, 1886. Vabereki vake vaiva Benzon Lorenz uye Anna Petrina Frederikka (Nee Rasmussen). Mukomana kubva pauduku akakwezvwa mugungwa pachayo. Zvimwe kwakakanganisa magene Viking. Asi jaya kudzidza University, "philology". Izvi zvakamubatsira paya kuti vave nomukurumbira sezvo munyori uye mutori. Muna 1906, iye wechi kunorwa nhengo uye, nokudaro, kuti 1908 akadzidza Groenlândia. Asi paakadzoka kumba uye kumborega kurota pamusoro Far North. Muna 1910, iye ake shamwari pachipfuva, mumwe aiongorora polar Knud Rasmussen akatanga kutengesa chiteshi-Thule. Akararama pakati Eskimos kubvira 1913 kusvika 1919. Gare gare akava nhengo imwe rwendo, raiva hwakadzama map Zimbabwe (1921-1924 gg.).

mhuri

On upenyu polar aiongorora anozivikanwa kuti akanga akaroora katatu pachedu. nguva yokutanga zvechokwadi akanga akaroorwa eskimo ainzi Navarana Mekupaluk. Akabereka murume mwanakomana Mekusaka Avataka Igimakssusuktoranguapaluka uye mwanasikana Pipaluk Jette Tukuminguak Kasaluk Palika Hager. muchato uyu wakagara makore gumi (kubvira 1911 kusvika 1921), apo Navarana akafa "yeSpain" - inotyisa kupararira yokuSpain, izvo mwoyo chihombe dzinouraya vanhu Western Europe uye kuNorth America. The rwechipiri Peter Freih takaroorana muna 1924 muna Magadharena Vang Lauridsen. Asi vakasarudza kurambana muna 1944. Pakupedzisira, muna 1945, polar aiongorora akabatanidza mugumo wake Dagmar Kohno (1907-1991). Vazukuru Freih, inuite (Eskimos) Petro, tinoziva kuti iye akasarudzwa meya Nuantsinaka muCanada kubvira 1979 kusvika 1984.

Upenyu Greenland. Mujinga chiteshi Tula

Kamwe akashanyira Greenland, Freih vasingagoni kurarama ndisina chitsuwa chikuru munyika yose. Akadzokera imomo muna 1910 uye zvachose akabatanidza kutapwa wake zvemo vanhu, ivo Inuit. Pamwe mumwe polar aiongorora, Knud Rasmussen, Freih akavamba Tula. zita raro, chirimwa ichi akagashira kubva Ultima Thule - nechokumusoro mabha- chinhu. Tula aiva mujinga vakawanda nzendo. Iye aigara akararama kubvira 1913 kusvika 1919, Peter nomudzimai wake Freih, Navarana. Polar vatsvakurudzi naDhatani forays kure negungwa, kaviri akayambuka Groenlândia nokuda imbwa Sled. Total kubvira 1912 kusvika 1933 rakanga raitwa nomwe nzendo dzakadaro.

Chii chakanga Peter Freih: kureba uye uremu

Muna 1958, Denmark yakabudisa bhuku ndangariro pamusoro ichi chinoshamisa polar aiongorora. munyori Its ari mwanasikana wake wokutanga Pipaluk, Uvdluriak Inuterssuak mukoma Navarany, Niels Bohr, vakawana mubayiro weNobel, uye vamwe. "Bhuku Freyhene" uzere nemashoko oushamwari pamusoro akashinga polar vatsvakurudzi, uyo akabatanidza kutapwa kwavo Inuit zvose, uye kunyange vakaroorana navo. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, izvozvo akamutsa mubvunzo pamusoro kukura iyi yakasiyana murume. Pashure pezvose, mufananidzo wekare, iyo inoratidza polar aiongorora Peter Freih nomudzimai wake, iye anotarira semhare chaiyo. Asi izvi zvinoitwa nokuda miniaturization wake mudzimai Dagmar (Nee Gale).

Kunyange zvazvo Freih, sezvo vachiti nezvazvo, vaya vaimuziva, aiva murefu munhu, simba akavaka. Kunyange Thor Heyerdahl, haasi nomumhu, paaizooneka chaizvo zvavakaita. Asi murwi uyu hatibati simba rake nokuda zvakaipa. Aizivikanwa somunhu chaizvo dobrogoi tsitsi munhu, nguva dzose kuuya kubatsira vasina simba. Vazhinji vanotaura nayo kodzero yevanhu mudziviriri. Pashure pezvose, akarwa kuti upenyu nani zvemo vanhu Far North. Kubva mumapeji "Mubhuku Freyhene" tatarisana mufananidzo mutsvakurudzi, unyanzvi munyori uye humanist.

Studies dzimwe nyika

Greenland aiva nyika hope dzake. Asi hasha hunhu dzimwe nzvimbo yacho Far North akaninira iye haana aine simba duku. Akatora mukana, uye kana vokuAmerica vakasarudza kuita vhidhiyo pamusoro kwomuzvarirwo kunaka Alaska, ndokunanga ichi firimu rwendo. Peter Freih akashanyira Hudson. Gare gare, akaenda kune zvakanyanyisa kuchamhembe nharaunda Sweden (Lapland) uye Norway. Muna 1935, Arctic aiongorora asarudza kushandura nguva polar chando pamusoro okunze nemapani uye kuti chinangwa ichi akaenda South Africa. Naiyewo akafamba North uye South America. Asi kupfuura zvose aifarira aiva noutsinye kuchamhembe zvisikwa. Muna 1928 uye 1937 akatora chikamu maviri nzendo Soviet, izvo vakazadzwa muna Siberian Arctic. Aiva noushamwari hwakasimba Academician Shmidtom O. Yu. Kuziva hapana pamusoro mamiriro paitonga Stalin hurumende uye Gulag, weDanish polar yaibatana rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma maonero pamusoro Soviet Union.

Hondo Yenyika II

Munguva iyi inotyisa nguva, apo Europe yakabviswa Nazism, Peter Freih, ane kureba kwakanga nhanhatu tsoka nomwe nemainji, vaisagona kugara kure chiitiko. Akadzokera kumba Denmark, uye akava nhengo inoshingaira ari kuramba sangano. Asi panguva iyoyo akanga asisina rimwe gumbo (nokuda frostbite muna 1926). Freih akazivisa pachena kuti iye - muJudha, pasinei zvakanga, zvakanga zviripo chete kunzwa Anti-oukuru Bamba zvimwe mhando. Pakupedzisira akanga akabatwa nevaNazi uye akatongerwa rufu. Asi vakashinga polar aiongorora kutiza pakutapwa. Pakutanga akanga akavanda muSweden uye akabva atamira kuUnited States. Mushure Second World War Freih anodzoka mudiwa Groenlândia wake, kuna Inuit mutauro, tsika nemagariro izvo aiziva. Wanderlust haana akamusiya kusvikira parufu rwake. Hongu, uye akafa akakurumbira mufambi muna September 1957 yomwoyo panhandare yendege Elmendorf, Alaska, paakanga ava kuda nendege Groenlândia. Aiva nemakore makumi manomwe-chete. marangwanda ake vakavigwa panyika inodikanwa naye - pedyo Thule panhepfenyuro Zimbabwe. Mumakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake nomudzimai wake Dagmar akagara New York kana mumba mako yechipiri muna Noanke (CT).

Biography uye munyori bhuku

Freih Peter anozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda kwayo polar tsvakurudzo. Akanyorawo mabhuku. Uye kwete pamusoro kwesayenzi mabasa, essays, enganonyorwa uye anonzi, asi mabasa ingano - nyaya pfupi, mitambo uye enganonyorwa. Zvinosuruvarisa muna Russian dzakabudiswa matatu chete nemabasa ake. Izvi nganonyorwa "Greenland pauduku wangu" uye "catcher kukuru." Chimwe nyaya ine zvinhu autobiography - "St. Johani sana Melville Bay." Vachichinja mapeji ebhuku rino, tinoona mufananidzo dzinonakidza, munhu noushamwari, kuyemurwa nomumwe wake tsika uye panyama unhu. Friends vanokwezvwa naye, uye achiremekedza vamwe, pasinei noruvara rweganda. Izvi polar akaedza kubatsira munhu ari kutambudzika. "St. Johani sana Bay Melville" - rwiyo kuna Inuit vanhu vanogara ezvinhu utsinye uye ngozi pachitsuwa, rinenge zvachose inoitwa pasi neaizi deko. Bhuku iri yakarukwa kupinda chokurondedzera uye vezvikepe vokuEurope uye whalers. On kushanyirwa Peter Freih yechipiri inogona kuverenga bhuku "Siberian Adventure" muSoviet Union. Mazuva matatu asati afa, izvo zvakaitika September 2, 1957, munyori apedza basa manyoro "Book of munyanza Seven".

Other mabasa

Polar aiongorora Peter Freih makore akawanda aiva nhengo dzakawanda nenzvimbo nzanga munyika dzakasiyana panyika. All vakaonga mupiro wake chisingarambiki kuti adzidze kweArctic. Pakati makuru uye vakakurumbira netsvimbo anogona kutaura International Society kwavari. Mark Twain, ane honorary nhengo yaiva Freih. Iye akafamba munyika ine kutenderera hurukuro pamusoro tsika Inuit. On zvemashoko rave dzinoongororwa uye basa rake somunhu munyori uye mutori. Akanga ari runoenzanirana nhengo kweArctic Institute of Denmark. Makore mashoma Peter Freih akabata refu pambiru sachigaro Union of wevanyori nyika yake yaakaberekerwa. Zvinofanira akati kuti muongorori wakazviratidza tsime basa mutambi. Kazhinji aizviwana mu chakafanana anonzi pamusoro utsinye zvakaita North. Pakutanga, ndiye chete akaperekedza firimu iri rwendo sechinhu ruzivo chevaimbi. Asi gare gare akava pachake inoti kuti yakatarwa kamera. Iyewo starred akawanda Hollywood mafirimu.

chinokudza

The akakurumbira Arctic aiongorora Peter Freih akagashira mibayiro yakawanda basa rake. Akakunda goridhe Medals ari guta Geographical Society of Philadelphia uye ainzi Hans Egede. Akanga zvakare paakavapa soro mubayiro vaBhenjamini Franklin.