Philippics - chii ichi?

Philippics - mashoko moto, mumwe tirade achishora mashoko. Izwi iri nhoroondo chokuita vaviri vakakurumbira vakurukuri zvenyika yekare - Demosthenes wokuGirisi uye Roman Cicero.

Historical mashoko: Philip II

Mumwe vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro 4th remakore BC, Aleksandr Makedonsky ndiko, uyo makanyorwa yakawanda mabhuku uye mafirimu akawanda filmed. Zvisinei, hapana zvishoma dzakakurumbira aiva baba vake, Philip II (382-336 BC. E.) Ndiani aivawo guru murwi uye wezvakashata. Macedonia aiva kuchamhembe-okumabvazuva nyika ndero kweItari. Kumabvazuva, muganhu pamwe venyika-Thracians, riri zvishoma mberi frighteningly ngwizhingwi Persia. Uye nokuda kwayo nenzvimbo chakakwirira vokuMakedhoniya akaumba chairo remutauro mutauro wechiGiriki, apo paiva fuza mashoko mazhinji.

Macedonia kwainzi murombo conventionally yakabudirira mamiriro, vakarirwisa, vose chete kwaisava simbe. Dai zvisina okumanikidza Philip II, rinobva mhando yokufeva madzimambo Macedonian, nyika angadai nyore zvakundikana. At 23, akava mambo uye akava nomukurumbira mutongi ane simba. The chinzvimbo akasimbisa chokuti kuti ndiwane rakundwa nyika Athens mangwanani, akaunganidza hondo ine simba, uye akatanga kurwisa vavakidzani vayo.

Chii philippic?

Nesimba vomuAtene anoziva Demosthenes (384-322 BC. E.) With kuchiva uye hasha dzakadai akafumura mabasa naMambo Philip kweMacedonia, muvengi vaAtene gutsaruzhinji, chii zita rake raiva hwaro nokuda renaming "protivomakedonskih" pakuonekwa "diatribes". Izvi vakatsamwa uye diatribes. zita Izvi kukwezvwa uye akakurumbira anoziva Roman - Cicero kuti chaizomuita kuti ave nemhosva kutaura ake pamusoro Mark Antony , zvakare, pakuzivikanwa se "philippics".

Angry mashoko ose Demosthenes

Musoro wokutanga waiva yomoto diatribes vanodana veAtene kudzivisa. Demosthenes akakurudzira vaAtene kuti vakagadzirira hondo, achiedza kwavari vabvume kuti vakatambura pamusana zvikanganiso uye kusaita zvinhu nomazvo mambo Filippa Makedonskogo. Vaisada kushandiswa varwi muuto vomuAtene, uye zvinganaka kusikwa aida kuchinja mauto kuti aizoramba muMakedhoniya uye vaishora hondo naFiripi. Philippics - a vaneshungu uye hasha kutaura, ine kunonyatsobaya muteereri. The zvakakura mhosva mambo Macedon aiva kuti akaputsa chibvumirano rugare chibvumirano makore 346.

Akatevera (wechipiri) philippic - kwaiva mhinduro kuti chisimba kurwisa waFiripi nevatsigiri vake vomuAtene vatsigiri guta. In wechitatu akatsamwa kutaura Demosthenes vakashandisa zvizere simba achitsetsenura, akabvunza kutsunga Varwisei Firipi kutarisirwa nhokwe hwesimba kubva vaAtene vanhu. Macedonia uye Atene vakanga vatova haulla facto belligerents. Chinonyanya kukosha kuti Firipi aiva wokutanga uyo akamedura rugare.

Third philippic - ichi ndicho enyika yakanakisisa mashoko ose Demosthenes, uyo vakaita sezvakanga zvikuru enyika veAteni uye aiva suzerain zvematongerwo vomuAtene chiitiko, mumwe vaneshungu mutungamiriri Anti-Macedonian woruchiva, zvaida vaAtene kumukira Philip.

philippic chechina uyewo aitwa Demosthenes, kunoratidza kudaidzwa kutumira nhume kuAtene kuti vaPezhiya, asi pane zvimwe kusava nechokwadi pamusoro wayo rakanyorwa. Modern Ozhegova Dictionary rinorondedzera pfungwa iyi sezvinotevera: kutsamwa diatribe. The izwi yakazoshandiswa vanyori vakadai Russian sezvo Chernyshevsky, Turgenev, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov nevamwe.