Peat - chii ichi? Extraction, zvivako uye kushandiswa peat

Maererano kudzidzira kufamba vanofungidzira masayendisiti, vachimuenzanisa nhasi, ari peat reserves Pasi redu kuti matani mazana mashanu bhiriyoni. A chinokosha chikamu iri kusimbiswa kuNorthern Hemisphere. Chikonzero ichi ari nyore chaizvo ndokurondedzera okunze, kureva - zviratidzi ichitaurwa wepagore kunaya uye mwando. Munyaya ino tichakurukura zvinhu peat, uyewo ayo siyana, maitiro uye mafomu.

mukuru pfungwa

Chokutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mumwe mhando zvakasimba zvicherwa, iri zvinowanzoshandiswa sehuni kugadzirwa. It achiumbwa munyika nomumachakwi nzvimbo, uye mugumisiro vakawanda kuzara zvakasiyana-siyana Organic zvinhu zvisina zvakazara yaora. Kazhinji, pakukora pakati deposits dzaro akaturikidzana haisi asingasviki matatu masendimita. Hazvibviri kuona chokwadi chokuti peat - iri zvicherwa, izvo zvinopfuura hafu chinoumbwa kabhoni. Kunze kwayo, chidziro zvinosanganisira calcium, potassium, phosphorus, simbi, senitrogen uye humic acid, uye muriwo fibers. sayenzi yemazuva rinozivisa maviri makuru adzo - uye nokumapani peat Moss.

Areas mashandisiro

Zvisaririra akawana kushandiswa nokururamisira kwakapararira. Zvikurukuru mune zvokurima kushandisa peat kwakabatana kubereka rakaorera fetiraiza, madhorobha mumugwagwa greening rikurumidze, mulching ivhu, uye zvichingodaro. In zvipfuwo indasitiri , kazhinji zvinhu sezvo zvekufuga zvipfuwo. Uyezve, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo huni uye nokuda pagadzirwe Pharmaceuticals.

Key Features

Sezvatotaurwa, vakawanda anobatsira ehupfumi kuti peat kubvumira kushandiswa kwayo mune zvakawanda zvinoitwa nevanhu. Kunyanya, Zvisaririra inopa chinokosha kuvandudza mhepo-mvura mamiriro zvevhu, nokudaro vachiwedzera negoho dzavo uye kubereka. Panguva iyoyo hatifaniri kukanganwa pamusoro nuance kuti vasati kushandiswa floriculture kana horticulture anofanira kunoshayisa, nokudaro kubvisa zvinokuvadza vazhinji zvirimwa acid. Zvinotora avhareji anenge makore matatu. Uyezve, mashoko anopa refu hwevhu inokwana siyana wemisanganiswa anobudiswa pahwaro hwayo.

Zvisaririra chinoita basa rinokosha zvakasikwa. Yokuti pane akaunganidza zvibereko photosynthesis, mumhepo kabhoni. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nefuma anoita somunhu mhando rwokuzvarwa mvura Sefa, nokuti nzvimbo pamusoro peat kubvumira kuti kuona kubva nhengo dzaro dzakasiyana-siyana nouipi, izvo zvinosanganisira kunyange simbi inorema. Izvi zvayo zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza ushande.

neyamapani peat

Wokutanga chambotaurwa nezvacho Zvisaririra ane pasi azvipire acidity. Rinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana zvokudya, zvichiita shasha fetiraiza. Kugadzirwa ichi mhando vari yemanyorero kugadzirwa peat bogs, rwizi nemipata kuumbwa kana pedo norutsoka yakatenuka. ehupfumi ayo anobatsira chokuita kuramba saturation mvura nokuda dzakapoteredza miviri mvura uye kunayisa. Zvisaririra iri havaratidzi yaora, srednerazlozhivshimsya kana zvikuru raderera. Kuti okupedzisira kuita ichaongororwa kuva chigadzikiso yakanakisisa isa fotereza ivhu.

bhiza maonero

Peat - mumwe mhando riri kuumbwa kuburikidza manyowa nedonje uswa, nemipaini kana sphagnum nokuda kuitwa kunonaya. Kazhinji, izvozvo anoita somunhu mafuta kana constituent nzvimbo dzakasiyana zambara kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye zvivako. Uyezve, kurishandisa kakawanda pevhu. A maitiro chepfungwa kwemarudzi kushaya kwayo Zvinoumba zvipukanana, utachiona uye mbeu masora. Maererano Zvisaririra uyu kakawanda kuwanikwa greenhouses uye greenhouses. Chero zvakanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti murombo ari zvinovaka muviri uye yakashapa zvakakwana. Izvi zvinobvumira kushandiswa kwayo sechinhu fetiraiza kuti rudzi chete zvishomanana zvinomera.

inotungamirwa

Kunze pakuti peat ichi, hazvibviri haana kuziva murayiro paumbwe Zvisaririra. It chinovapo somugumisiro iri unooma mu marshland miti, iro zvino dzinoorera pasi pokudzora noukuru uwandu mwando ari ezvinhu chokusava okisijeni. The fuma ane shava kana dema ruvara uye fibrous mu mamiriro. Under dzinongoitika ezvinhu, zviri chipo guru inorwara mvura.

Key parameters

Peat dhipoziti ndiye wevasungwa dzakasiyana hunhu uye mhando zvinhu akaturikidzana, riri imwe nzvimbo. Kuri kuti udzamu yaro undrained ezvinhu rinosvika makumi manomwe masendimita, zviri sechinhu Geological chengetedza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti peat - a mbishi zvinhu, izvo panguva yayo inotungamirwa anowana rakasiyana zviri phosphorus, senitrogen, potassium uye nezvimwe zvicherwa. Mukuwedzera, dzakasiyana deposits zvisingapindirani zviratidzo zvakadai humification, dota uye mwando kubva muzana.

Pfungwa humification zvinoreva chikamu kabhoni huri Zvinoumba peat uye yakaorera uye zvinovaka muviri wayo zvachose uremu. Kana mufananidzo uyu idukusa 20 muzana, risingamboshandisi dhipoziti yakawanda kudzikisirana kana mudura kuwanda kubva 20 kusvika 35 muzana - paavhareji, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko - kumusoro.

Mukutonga hama mwando kuti peat ari uwandu remvura zvachose vakawanda ndivo, uye pasi Mhedziso - zvakafanana ukoshi anotaurwa magiramu.

Padurunhuru kugutsikana ndeimwe parameter inokosha kuti kuratidza peat. ukoshi Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chikamu reshiyo pakati zviri chicherwa zvinoriumba uye uwandu akaoma nyaya.

Ngozi uye njodzi chokuita peat

Kukura peat bogs nhema dzimwe ngozi. Vari anonyanya chokuita chokwadi kuti nedanho kuomesa kunogona nokukurumidza kusarudzwa kare woga carbon dioxide. Mukuwedzera, vazhinji vedu takanzwa pamusoro remwoto. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti voga havazombofi simuka, nekuti ndiwo mugumisiro dzevanhu basa, zvainanga zvikasabudiswa pamusoro peatlands uye mineralization.