Organic kurima: tsananguro, nzira yauinayo

Maererano ichangobva Institute of Nutrition, 30-50% zvirwere zvose vemunyika Russian chokuita murombo-unhu zvigadzirwa, kusanganisira zvemwoyo chirwere, kenza uye nevamwe. Uye zviri zvikuru pachena kukosha yezwi hwokurima kuti makemikari kugadzirwa. In zvokurima Russia prerequisites zvose chakadaro kuchinja ikoko. Panewo mukana mukuru aina zvekutepfenyura hwenyika. Organic kurima ava pose kuitika, kunoshanda zvinobudirira munyika dzinopfuura 160. Ndiyo nguva yokuti Russian mugadziri kupinda kumusika pamwe zvigadzirwa zvavo.

Sezvatakaona dzakaisirwa pakuitika

Chii Organic kurima mu Russia takadzidza mumakore 90 okupedzisira remakore. Bulk ekisipoti kuna Europe howa uye nzungu zvaida advertising nyika okurima chinangwa pasi European mitemo nemasangano kushandiswa akadai Demeter, IMO.

Pari, vakawanda okurima kugadzirwa munyika iri rinenge Organic zvigadzirwa ehupfumi dzavo. Asi maererano nenhamba, mapurazi 8 chete vane zvakakodzera zvitupa kuti nyika yavo, uye iyi ndiyo 3192 hectares uye 0,001% of zvachose nzvimbo yekurima.

De facto kumusika kuti makemikari zvigadzirwa mu Russia ndiyo huru, uye of jure maturo.

Uye ichi zvinokosha nokuti zvigadzirwa achagamuchira gwaro "Organic" achisimbisa mamiriro kunenge kugadzirwa, kwete chete yokupedzisira chigadzirwa. Izvi zvinodiwa dzakawanda uye vanofanira kutevedza aina zvigadzirwa.

Shoko rokuti "zvigadzirwa zvemhoteredzo" iri Russian zvemitemo magwaro ikaonekwa 2008, pakutongwa mukuru wehurumende utsanana chiremba Gennady Onishchenko pamusoro utsanana-epidemiological zvaanoda Organic zvigadzirwa. Kutaura chokwadi yaiva Russian shanduro zvinodiwa European "Organic".

Izvi zvinorevei

Biological kana zvipenyu - neshoko, makemikari kurima - inzira Kutarisira, kushandisa chakagadzirwa (chakaita zvokugadzirwa) fetiraiza uye inosimbisa yokuvirisa umo kushoma. Mukurima havachafaniri zvinoberekeswa dzakachinjwa zvinenge.

Production kunyatsoshanda iri nani nokuda kuberekesa zvinomera pamwe chicherwa uye Organic fetiraiza, udyi uye sora kuzvidzora, zvirimwa kutenderera uye kushandiswa mugumisiro mumwe eco ushamwari tsika.

Organic kurima nzira

Nzira nechinangwa zvikurukuru pane kutsigira vadanana ehupfumi munyika chirimwa kugadzirwa, zvinoti:

• kuramba kuvapo ivhu Biota (zvinenge);
• kushandisa makemikari fetiraiza chete (girini mupfudze, mupfudze, mufudze, zhnivnye residues);
• rakashandiswa pfupa chicherwa kupfeka uye ropa kudya, zvicherwa;
• Kushandiswa chipembenene dzinongoitika vavengi kana chaiwo utachiona;
• sora kuzvidzora rinoitwa nevanhu kutenderera, uye anofunga upenyu kutenderera chipembenene seeding udzamu.

In mhuka minda, makemikari kurima kunoratidzwa zvinotevera nzira kupa kurambwa:

• zvachose stabling;
• chakaita zvokugadzirwa chikafu yokuvirisa uye hormone nevamiririri.

Prophylactic (chokudzivirira) Kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ari zvachose kunze. Hazvina fanira zvigare pamusoro mafuro. Welcome kuda ethological (kufungisisa maitiro zviri mhuka) kurima. Organic fetiraiza mhuka minda akabatanidza nezvoruvengo kutenderera yose kugadzirwa.

Land tarisiro Russian

Moscow Institute of Organic Agriculture rinopa mashoko pamusoro mamiriyoni 40 hectares rakaorera Nyika kumbogamuchira fetiraiza. Izvi hazvirevi zvinosanganisira nyika wekurima kushandiswa uye zvichida unogona kuwana certificate. uwandu iyi untilled nyika kupfuura nyika nzvimbo pasi makemikari kurima munyika.

Zvinonzi yakafanotaura kuti kubudikidza 2025 vaburitsi enyika makemikari zvokurima pashure Russia uye 20% of makemikari musika yose. Izvi zvinoreva kumusika yepamutemo, nekuti musika zvisiri pamutemo Organic zvigadzirwa akazara zvibereko vaburitsi Russian. Institute of Organic Agriculture, dzichishandisa Nhamba zvakadaro, kunosimbisa kuti pave vekumaruwa, kuvandudza utano rwacho uye nyika yawana mutsva zvoupenyu simba zvenyika iri tarisiro chaiyo. Asi kana kunaka Implementation okuwana ichi, anobudirira rutsigiro mamiriro kuvarimi uye, kupfuura zvose, kuitwa ano pamutemo framework.

Matambudziko mitemo Russian

We musi April 20 gore rino muMoscow wegumi All-Russian Forum "Health rudzi - hwaro kubudirira Russia" akatamba kumativi netafura greening zvokurima. Mumiririri weDhipatimendi Science and Technology Policy uye Education of Bazi Agriculture of Russian Federation upfumi VA Nesmeyanov akasimbisa kukosha pamutemo mabasa greening chokurima zvekutepfenyura. Akaudza vaya vaivapo kuti mumatsutso gore rino, saka akatarisirwa mutemo pamusoro makemikari kurima zvichakurukurwa muna State Duma. Updated magadzirirwo ayo, kufungisisa mashoko uye mazano kumatunhu zvagadzirwa zvachose.

Sei zvakakosha

Maererano DPO FGBOU FTSSK APK, kukosha greening okurima kugadzirwa zvinosimbisa zvinotevera nenhamba:

• yakaderera-yepamusoro chikafu zvigadzirwa yakafanira kubva 30 kusvika 50 muzana Russian vomunyika zvirwere;
• kuti chikamu vana vakaremara uye vanhu vakaremara iri kuwedzera ose gore;
• kufa nevasiri zvinotapukira pamusana pakatanga matanho biologization kurima iri yekudyidzana akaderedzwa, izvo zvinoratidza kuti zvakaitika dzimwe nyika.

Izvi chete chiduku chikamu matambudziko, izvo zvichakubatsira kukurira makemikari kurima.

Zvakakurukurwa zvakatipoteredza zvinoriumba

Dambudziko kuchengetedza biocenoses vari akapoteredza yose zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza dambudziko haigoni asi kunetseka vose vagere panyika uye vokuRussia pamwe. Mumwe pavatatu kusvibisa mararamiro wenyika chinoita rokurima zvekutepfenyura. Intensive maindasitiri kurima kunokanganisa upfumi reRussia inofungidzirwa mu rubles mabhiriyoni matatu pagore. Pakatanga unyanzvi dzokurima makemikari, kwete chete hakuiti zvakaipa, asi zvinogona kuvandudza hunenge zvinhu zvipenyu. Organic Kugadzirwa anogona kuderedza simba rakawanda nepakati, girinihausi gasi choutsi muna ¾ cheBhuku yavo netsika chirimwa maberekero.

Kuwedzera zvipenyu, utachiona nzira kuchengetedza uye kuvandudzika pamusoro vadanana ehupfumi kutungamirira yakaderera padanho kusvibiswa kunwa mvura bheseni panyika uye, pakupedzisira, kuti richengetedzwe biosphere iri yose mupfungwa.

The wevanotungamirira zvinoriumba

The dambudziko kunyangarika mumisha uye vokumaruwa kuderera mune Russia yava refu aripo. Vagari Verenga muna 2010 kwakaratidza rimwe 19 400 pfungwa, kureva, De jure, asi vagari havasi kuwanika. Organic kugadzira, achitsigirwa nehurumende, anokwanisa kuderedza water drainage vanobva mumusha uye kupa kwakakurudzira tama kumusha. Mumhuri dzokumaruwa, vana centenarians vanogara mumisha. Izvi zvinozoita ari kutama pezvakaitwa munyika anofanirwa kupa kunobatsirawo nezvainoita wevanotungamirira ezvinhu Russia.

Organic kurima - iri refu upfumi kuti kutanga kwezvivako kwomusha unokurudzira "mutema" ushanyi uye nechokwadi akatsiga kukura munharaunda.

pasocial zvakwakanakira

About tivandudze utano vanhu uye, naizvozvo, kuchiderera mutoro pamusoro nyika bhajeti kare kutaurwa. Institute of Nutrition anopa mashoko pamusoro wepagore bhajeti Nokurasikirwa pazvirwere chokuita zvinhu muna mabhiriyoni 13.000 rubles. Maererano reBazi Redzidzo uye Science, kuwedzera kuenda kukireshi vana vane zvidikanwi uye urema rimwe gore. Munguva yemakore 2015-2016 nhamba yavo yakawedzera neinopfuura zviuru 800. People. - kubva 6.347.292 kusvika 7.160.008 vanhu.

Organic zvigadzirwa, somugumisiro makemikari kugadzirwa dzisina residues ose chakaita zvokugadzirwa fetiraiza, kukura mahormone, riri kunyanya kukosha kuti vanhu vane Kurwara (ndiro 30% of population), vana, vakadzi vane pamuviri uye lactating, vanhu vane zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro zvomudumbu emuviri uye nevamwe vakawanda.

The Russian chains-garde indasitiri

Vatungamiri vari makemikari pamusika, United States nhasi (45%), Germany (14%) uye France (8%).

The innovators Russian kuita makemikari kurima riri boka makambani muchiso "Agranta" uye dzesangano "Organic".

Kungoona kunhaka "AgriVolga" kubva "Agranty" inoumbwa 15 emakambani nyama nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka pamwe dzakabudirira zvekutepfenyura kuti maberekero.

Muna May 2013, nokutanga mikuru vatambi vari zvokurima nemauto Organic National Union hwagadzwa, vakatakura vose vatsigiri muuzivi makemikari mararamiro. Union anoronga uye anoitisa misangano uye kudzidzisa zvirongwa kuvarimi, anotungamirira ane Advocacy vanoshingaira dzidzo uye.

Areas ebasa

Vamiririri yokungotaura sayenzi varimi vanoita vanofanira kushanda pamwe kuchengetedza utano rudzi uye makemikari kurima mu Russia vanofanira kuumba uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, rinogona kunzi matanho zvinotevera rakakodzera:

• sika uchapupu anotsanangura nhungamiro kuvarimi pamusoro mumatanho uye zvinoita greening;
• kuumba nekuita pasuru zviyero kutsigira interdisciplinary tsvakurudzo pamusoro tinofanira kugara kwechirwere kwemishonga yezvipembenene, nemishonga, kukura mahormone, zvokudya yokuvirisa utano;
• mhanyisa kugadzirwa uye pasi kuHurumende Duma of Federal Assembly of Russian Federation gwaro yeUnited mutemo "Pazuva kugadzirwa turnover kuti makemikari zvigadzirwa (kugadzirwa makemikari production)";
• kusikwa uchapupu anotsanangura vanorumbidza noutano nenyanzvi kuti azivise voruzhinji nezvokubatsirwa mishonga yakadaro;
• kuva chine matanho inotokonya kuchinjwa zvokurima michina iri makemikari dzokurima uye zvipenyu kushanda chirimwa kukura;
• kutokurudzira kushandisa makemikari zvigadzirwa munyika pezvivako dzidzo simba.

Organic kurima - icho indasitiri kuti anofanira kuramba uye kukudziridza zvakanaka vana vedu, remangwana sapamarudzi vokuRussia uye yose nyika!