Fungicides - mishonga ... fungicidal. fungicide

Modern mumunda basa kashoma kuita pasina Tillage uye kudyara gadziriro anokosha - fungicides. The shanduro chaiyoiyo rokuti kubva muchiLatin rinoreva "kuuraya notumwe." Asi tsika chirimwa kudzivirira yekudyidzana rakawedzerwa pfungwa iyi nokutaura kuti tichibatanidza zvinhu kuti muchetura kwete chete nokuda howa, asiwo zvinodhaka, vachirwa vamwe utachiona zvirimwa. Fungicides - makemikari kana zvipenyu zvigadzirwa, zviri kushandiswa nokuda kudzivirirwa, dziviriro kana kurapwa zvirwere zviri Horticultural zvirimwa.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Various chirimwa zvirwere - gwapa, ngura, kuora - munhu anoziva kubva vanhu vakadzidza sei kukura zvimwe tsika. Kunyange ipapo pakanga wokutanga chaizvo kurumbidza nokuda zvakafanira kudzivirira. Imwe BC Homer ataurwa pakurwisa zvirwere zvinomera achishandisa fumigation nesarufa, uye Democritus akataura kuti kuora kudzivirira pamwe spraying zvirimwa aizomupa maorivhi. With kutanga kwenguva itsva, vanhu vakadzidza kudzivisa zviyo chirwere, soaking navo waini kana nokuchengeta anobvarurwa-bvarurwa nemisipiresi mashizha. KuMiddle Ages anozivikanwa panguva chirwere uye nzira kunorapwa yavo akatsanangurwa uye Classified.

The budiriro vakauya kukura kwemakemikari bhizimisi uye zvidzidzo vanoshingaira kuti etiology kwezvirwere zvakawanda uye zvipenyu maitiro utachiona dzavo. fungicides Most kushandiswa nhasi vave synthesized ichangopfuura - muna 20 remakore fung. Modern chirimwa kudzivirirwa mishonga - chimwe chikamu kana mubatanidzwa zvinodhaka - anogona kuzadzisa chinokosha mberi, asi dambudziko haana kuenda kusvikira chirwere uye inoda kugara kuvandudzika kuti ruzivo, tsika uye zvirimwa kugadzira zvivako.

Sei fungicides?

Vanoparadza spores kana mycelium kuti notumwe uye tupukanana tusingaoneki, anokonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Izvi chirimwa kudzivirirwa zvigadzirwa dzinoiswa maererano hunhu matambudziko, kushandiswa zvinangwa, mamiriro uye selectivity kuita, uyewo kuparadzirwa munzvimbo miti.

kupatsanura pakati fungicides

Nokuti iyoyo fungicide angava akasiyana kukanganisa zvakasiyana siyana, kupatsanura iri zvikuru zvinodiwa. Kunze kushandisa dzakasiyana mishonga yacho fuma panguva dzisakarurama nguva dzinosiyana. Zvisinei, fungicides akakamurwa:

• Unodzivirira michina inoshandiswa pakurapa utano zvirimwa kuitira kudzivirira zvirwere.
• Kuchirapa (zvachose) zvinodhaka, marapirwo kuti kunodiwa pashure zvose chirimwa akawana zviratidzo chirwere. The vanoshingaira zvacho fungicide ichi kuchititadzisa kukura pathogenic bhora kuti akaita dambudziko, chii zvinotungamirira tsika zvokuporesa.
• Systemic fungicides - makemikari yokuita zvinoitwa chirimwa uye kufamba kwayo vascular ino uye adzivirire nhungirwa itsva vakakura pashure kurapwa. fungicides izvi vane hunorapa uye prophylactic kushanda.
• Contact zvinogadzirwa kuti kudzivirira chete zvikamu vaya chirimwa nako ivo vapinda kuonana. fungicides kwakadaro - zvinoreva kuva chete rwokudzivirira Vakatosarudza nguva dzose kuvimba matambudziko kunonaya.
• Seed mishonga yokuuraya utachiona - mishonga inoshandiswa presowing soaking mbeu kuitira kudzivirira mizambiringa yakabva kumwe ramangwana pazvirwere uye tupukanana uye pakurapa Mabumba, tubers, corms uye rhizomes zviri zvinomera vasati kudyara. Nhasi, kune zvinodhaka akafanana kwawakananga matanho - kana prophylactic pamusoro zvichibvira zvirwere kana pamusoro microbial tupukanana - uye kunzwisisa, kubatanidza vaviri mirayiridzo iyi.

Toxicity kugadzirira nezviyero avo kushanda matanho

Fungicides - zvinodhaka muchetura uye vanofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti feasibility zvavo kushandisa mumba. Tisati kushandisa zvinodhaka izvi, unofanira uzive magadzirirwo nokuda kushanda kwavo vakachengeteka. Kune vashoma mitemo isingachinji, iro Implementation iyo kunodiwa kudzivisa chepfu, rinogona pave nekukurukurirana fungicide. The Mirayiro yakatora kuti gadziriro nerimwe, anopa:

• kuchengetwa aparadzane zvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka zvigadzirwa rakaoma, inotonhorera, nzvimbo ine rima pane imwe tembiricha kwete kupfuura +35 ° C uye kwete kuvatumwa -10 ° C;
• nechokwadi pasingasvikire vana uye mhuka;
• Preparation yokushanda kupedza kubudisa glassware anoshandiswa mukicheni;
• mhinduro raishandiswa pakarepo, hazvina kuchengetwa;
• aite kurapwa pasina vana uye mhuka;
• basa rakadaro kugadzirira zvipfeko rinokosha;
• panguva oparesheni Hazvidi zvokudya, zvokunwa, kana noutsi;
• Mushure muitiro, ugeze chiso chako uye namaoko;
• mudziyo inoshandiswa mhinduro kugadzirira uye mashoko ari sprayer igosukurudzwa inoyerera mvura.

Zvakakodzera ruyamuro kuti muchetura

Kana rokunyevera kana kubata zvinodhaka haina kuchengetwa, zvakakodzera pakarepo kutora matanho akakodzera. Kana mushonga netsaona yarova mukati, unofanira kunwa 0.5 litres mvura uye kunyengedza kurutsa. Pashure kuonana ganda zvinoshingaira fuma, zvinonzi kusukwa pasi mvura inoyerera kwemaminitsi 10. ingress Very ngozi zvinodhaka mumapapu kana maziso. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, ziso wakagezeswa nemvura uye vaviri muzana mhinduro kuti hydrogen peroxide, uye inhaled kugadzikana zvinhu outputted kuti mhepo yakanaka. Pasinei rakashandurwa rwekutanga, zvingava okushamisira kureva chipatara, achitora kavha chitaridzi zvinodhaka kushandiswa.

Modern unodzivirira midziyo

Kushandiswa fungicides rava faniro nhasi, iwe unofanira saka kuziva chaizvo zvinodhaka angashandiswa dzimwe nguva, uye nevamwe. We nyora rakajairika fungicides ano, tora Kutarira mashandiro avo, zvakanakira nekuipira.

"Fundazol": mirayiridzo kushandiswa

"Fundazol" (upfu) - systemic fungicide zvakawanda zvokuita kubata mhando dzakawanda fungal zvirwere. Akakodzera chokudzivirira uye hunorapa bhurandi pasi nokutyisidzirwa fungal zvirwere. Senzira mbeu kupfeka pamberi kudyara. It ane zvishomanana hachifadzi zvakanaka. Hazard - 3. Active fuma fundazol - benomyl, zvinopfuura chirimwa kuburikidza midzi kana zvemuchadenga mativi uye kunochinja kupinda carbendazim - fuma rine kwazvo fungicidal ehupfumi. Vazhinji fundazol rinoungana pamusoro pemvura chirimwa, ukuwo duku, rakapinda mukati anokwanisa kudzivirira kunyange kushamwaridzana zvikamu zvinodhaka.

Nzira kushandisa "fundazol"

Fungicide, zvikurukuru "fundazol" anogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana:

• pamwechete meketeni;
• spraying zvinomera munguva Mwaka wokukura;
• etching mbeu pamberi kudyara.

"Fundazol" mirayiridzo Chinyorwa wanamatira mumwe pasuru, unoparara mune mari 1 g pa 1 fő mvura. nokushanda This mhinduro. Kushandisa zvinokwanisika hapana kupfuura kaviri muzana mwaka.

Seed kurapwa inokurudzirwa mwedzi pamberi kudyara. Pamwe ne "fundazol" nokudiridza zvinodiwa mune chiitiko zviratidzo zviri chirwere zvinomera uye spraying vane matanho kuti vanobviswa pamberi panowanikwa anorwadza zviratidzo.

"Topazi": a fungicide kunobva penconazole

"Netopasi" (emulsion Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu), uyewo "fundazol", ndiwo systemic fungicide kuchirapa uye prophylactic kuita kudzivirira zvinomera pamusoro fungal zvirwere zvakadai powdery nokuvhuvha, ngura, nokuvhuvha, zvichingodaro "topazi" -. Fungicide, odorless, mwero nengozi kuti vanhu, mhuka, hove, asi kwete chepfu neshiri uye nezvipembenene. Zvinonzi zvachose wairambidza emhodzi panguva maruva. Hazard kirasi - 3.

Most inobudirira "topazi" kuchengetedza ibwe, muchero, bheri, miriwo uye zvishongo zvirimwa, uye powdery nokuvhuva pamusoro mazambiringa uye hunokuvadza uye zvimwe zvirwere. Zvinoitiswa penguva mazuva 7-14 chokudzivirira dzokurapa kuti kudzvinyirira zvirwere zvinokonzerwa utachiona zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana mumwaka mangwanani wokukura, dzinoratidza migumisiro yakanakisisa.

How kushandisa "topasi"?

Normalize ari fungicide kuparadzwa zvichienderana pakukura danho umo chirimwa iri, uye pamusoro papi achimukuvadza. Simba zvingaitwa rakashandiswa pakutanga Mwaka wokukura kana yakaderera rwarisa kumashure; zvikuru simba - iri rapera jira kana nguva kwemisha lesion hweHIV. Mushure kurapwa, zvinodhaka tsika kusimbisa zvabuda zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa kuonana fungicides. Zvinotevera dzave dzichiitwa pakushandisa "topazi" mirayiridzo:

• nokuti miti yemichero uye makwenzi (currants, gooseberries, mapichisi, mazambiringa) uye miriwo uye Strawberry zviri imwe gadziriro ampule akanga zvazvichanyungudutswa 10 litres mvura;
• nokuti ruva zvirimwa zvakawanda kuramba mhinduro (Roses, carnations, asters, etc..) - mumwe ampoule mumiririri zvazvichanyungudutswa 5 L mvura.

"Netopasi" - fungicide ane mutengo uri pasi, uye kubatsira kwakakodzera ayo chikumbiro kunokosha. Spraying ngazviitwe wakadzikama, mamiriro okunze akaoma, noruvara ichitarisira pepasi chirimwa. The Kugadzirisa rinogadzirirwa pakarepo asati mabasa. Zvinotevera kugadzira kana kudiwa ariko, akaita mazuva 10-14, apo nguva murindi yakapfuura.

Fungicide "Horus"

Kudzivirira uye ibwe michero yemiti, mizambiringa Strawberry kubudikidza panofunuka, powdery nokuvhuvha moniliosis vakashandisa fungicide "Chorus" kwakatanga pahwaro cyprodinil uye asunungurwa muchimiro mvura-soluble granules. "Chorus" - mumwe fungicide, yave kushandiswa zvinobudirira kurwisa Cherry mashizha gwapa, uye klyasterosporiozom monilial muchero kuora pamusoro puramu cherry ane muchero ora uye gwati pamusoro maapuro uye Pears.

Processing "Horus" iri zvinoberekwa spraying, okutanga rinoitwa pamberi maruva, wechipiri - munguva mumwaka wokukura asi kwete paya pane 2 weeks vasati kukohwa. Zviri nani kupedza kechipiri kurapwa pashure 2 weeks mushure Zvaparara tsika. The kushanda Kugadzirisa rinogadzirirwa zvinotevera kukura: 10 L mvura yakanga ichiputswa 3 c. chezvinodhaka. Paavhareji kuyerera paminiti muti rinoreva kunobva 2 kusvika 5 litres kuti mhinduro inobva pehuni marudzi uye kukura sprayer.

"Chorus" - fungicide chikumbiro ane chinhu ndechokuti zvinoratidza chikuru kunyatsoshanda panguva yakaderera tembiricha (3-10 ° C), ndiro mukana gadziriro ino, sezvo rinogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira mukutanga chitubu, kana, zvarwo, pane chirwere uye Horticultural zvirimwa moniliosis. Vachengeti ruzivo haana varumbidzwa kubata miti pamwe kuwedzera tembiricha kupfuura 22 ° C. Unodzivirira kumwedzi rinovapo mazuva 7-10 pashure kurapwa. Chimwe chakanakira kushandiswa "Horus" ndiro yayo yakakwirira kuchirapa kushanda riri kare kutapukirwa zvinomera.

Terms of Use of fungicide "Horus"

For siyana chirimwa kushanda mhinduro wevasungwa zvinosiyana. Nokuti apuro uye peya kubudiswa kunoda mhinduro kugadzirirwa kubva 2 g mari 10 litres mvura. Spraying ibwe muchero zvinobudirira mhinduro 3 g pa 10 litres mvura. Wevasungwa chemhinduro kuti kurapa Strawberry Sotk 1 - 6 g pa 5 litres mvura.

Fungicides nokuti mazambiringa, zvikurukuru, "Chorus" akagadzirira saizvozvo kukura sezvo ari Strawberry - 6 g mashoko pa 10 litres mvura. Kufadza zvinogoneka Nhamba kurapwa por mwaka Strawberry iri 2, ibwe muchero (plums voga) uye mazambiringa - 3; pome michero plums - 4 nguva.

Zvinoenderana Nenguva uye nomazvo kubudiswa zvirimwa zvinobatsira Chikwata uye wokunatswa Suburban nzvimbo utachiona kutapukirwa siyana uye kuwedzera zvirimwa unhu uye muchero utano.