Nyanga mbudzi: tsananguro uye mararamiro

Zvakasikwa, zvisikwa zvose tsime warwo uye kubatana zviri yakakura kuroorwa chipenyu hurongwa, apo zvisikwa zvose dzinounzwa warwo dzinogarisana, uye zvakakodzera mararamiro. Iye oga hakukodzeri kupinda "muviri" - munhu, pane kurarama maererano zvakasikwa, nenzira dzose anouparadza.

Mhedzisiro nemaitiro akadaro kuti nyika ndiyo kusikwa munzvimbo akadzivirira uye kuramba updating pakati mapeji Red Book. Kuti sikuruwa chine nyanga mbudzi - mhuka yakanaka zvikuru - kuwira chikamu panjodzi marudzi.

Mhuri bovids

Mhuri iyi zvinosanganisira mhuka yacho genus olenepodobnyh, izvo zvinosanganisira haangogoni ichiyevedza antelopes, asi zvakadai makuru vanhu sezvo yaks, bison, Nyati, nzombe avo vazukuru zvishoma chiduku - makwai, mbudzi uye musk nenzombe.

Pasinei kukura uye dzinogarisana, mhuka dzose kunofanira mhuri iyi vamwe zvakafanana zviri:

• Vanhurume ndine nyanga, apo vakadzi vanogona kuva pasina pavo.
• Havachina mazino uye okumusoro incisors.
• Vose vari "vakashongedzerwa ne"-chambered matatu dumbu uye cecum.

mhuka idzi aifarira kuva nevamwe vanosarudza huru steppes, kunze mbudzi sikuruu-nyanga tunogara - makomo.

Kubvira kare, anenge ose nhengo iyi zvipenyu zviri kuvhima zvinhu, uye vamwe vavo rave akapingudzwa uye dzaichengetwa, zvakadai mbudzi, makwai nenzombe. Izvi runoratidzwa zvakawanda padombo mifananidzo kuti anopa mifananidzo wokuvhima uye zvigare mhuka.

Mazuvano anokanda nhengo mhuri bovids vanobvumidzwa chete zvakasikwa reserves uye zvishoma kwazvo, sezvo vazhinji vavo akanyorwa muna Red Book. Nyanga markhor mbudzi Somuenzaniso, zvishoma nezvishoma achidzikisa hwevanhu yavo, uye mhando dzakadai zvayo, bison rwavakaita uye, anyangarika chose munharaunda dzakawanda.

Dambudziko guru, maererano nyanzvi pamusoro kudzivirirwa mhuka zvisingawanzoitiki, muri kunze kwemutemo. Yakanga dzavo mabasa asiri pamutemo kunoita uwandu vamiririri bovids mhuri iri kuramba huchidzikira.

Description Markhor

Markhor ndezvaJehovha murayiro Artiodactyla kubva mhuri bovids. Nyanga mbudzi (Photo kunoratidza izvozvo) iri zita nokuti nyanga dzayo vane zononoka chimiro ine substantially zvakafanana, ichibata windings. Mumwe weava "anotarira" kurutivi rwake; rworudyi - kurudyi nekuruboshwe - kuruboshwe.

In sheche nyanga zvidiki, chete masendimita 20-30, asi zvokuchinjana akataurwa zvakajeka. In vanhurume, isvike 1.5 M ane muviri kureba 2 M uye kukwirira dzimwe hunooma 90 cm. Weight munhurume kazhinji kwazvo 90 KG, mbudzi here kunyange zvishoma.

Nyanga mbudzi kuchinja ruvara uye kunaka shinda ravo, zvichienderana nemwaka. Saka, munguva yechando zvingava yakatsvukuruka-ndachena vhudzi kana chena. Panguva iyi, ndicho chinonyanya inodziya, ane gobvu undercoat uye hwakareba. "Beard" iri mhuka kuti chando chavawo mukobvu. Muchirimo, nekusiyana, ganda romusoro markhors thins uye anova yakatsvuka.

mutete, zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita uye vakatsanya mhuka idzi vane pfungwa huru kunhuwidza, kuona uye kunzwa, runovabatsira munhuwi vavhimi uye zvikara kure zvikuru. Nyanga mbudzi, Kuziviswa chiri angangotadza kukwanisa kuratidza nyasha uye noukuru mhuka iyi zvinoshamisa akasarudza kujairika kuti nhengo dzemhuri kwezvakatipoteredza.

dzinogarisana

Middle inopisa mapazi wakafukidzwa Mafuro uye mumipata ine mawere mabwe dzinongoitika masango Markhor dzinogarisana. Mhuka idzi dziri nyore kukurira precipices duku uye kusvetuka pamusoro kupfuura dzisingambosvikiki Nokutonga mawere.

Vanodzivisa gobvu mumatenhere miti, asi anogona achikwira YOMUMAKOMO Mafuro, riri pamuganhu pamwe mazitombo echando uye snows husingaperi. rwokuzvarwa dzinogarisana ndiyo pamakomo Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan uye India.

Nyanga mbudzi ndiyo nyore kushivirira sezvinoita kupisa kwechirimo uye nechando yechando pamwe musinou. mhuka idzi tama sezvo zvinodiwa zvokudya kuchengeteka kana kuti vechiduku. Saka, vanogona hwokukurira mudondo mapazi mumakomo kana kundofudza pamupendero wayo, izvo kazhinji kunoitika munguva yechando, kana zvokudya anova zvishoma uye pasi dzakaderera kunosvika chaizvo nokuda rekushongedzesa.

Mararamiro

Markhor zvinoumba mapoka maduku mhuka 15 kusvika 30, rine vanhukadzi vechiduku. Adult vechirume yakawanda gore kufudza yoga uye akaramba ari oga ari munharaunda dzavo vakasarudzwa. Mbudzana achiri haigoni kurwisa vanhukadzi pamwe ruzivo uye simba vakura pazera, saka kuronga boka rako hono.

Simba mhuka idzi pamwaka zvakasikwa. Somuenzaniso, muzhizha vanomutswa kuti Mafuro, apo vakadya uswa uye mashizha emiti yakaderera ichingowedzera uye nemiti yose. In yechando, rose pasi chemombe kubva kumakomo, saka kusvikira chando kusvikira kumuganhu pasi yedondo, apo zvokudya huru matavi uye mashizha ane miti yakasvibira momuoki. Nokuda delicacy iyi Asia sikuruu chine nyanga mbudzi achisvetukasvetuka kubva davi muti webazi, zvakakwana vakadengezera pamusoro kukwirira 6-8 mamita.

kubereka

Hong bovids Miti iyi inotanga muna November, apo mhuka otelis pamusoro pamafuro muzhizha uye azere simba uye simba kurwa vanhukadzi. Kurwa pakati vanhurume kashoma kugumisa maronda, kazhinji mbudzi kurukutika anosiya muhondo, kuedza mhanza yavo nevamwe vakadzi.

Rakawana mavhoti akawanda kudzivirira revakadzi ake uye otanga zvisangane pamwe mbudzi, uyo akatanga estrus. In mhuka idzi, pane nguva kufambidzana, sezvo Kumukundi chete kungaguma saka pakusangana kunoitika nokukurumidza, pashure iyo mukono anosiya nehadzi kusvikira mangwana kuberekesana mwaka.

Young mbudzi hatching 6 mwedzi uye asati aberekwa kusiya boka. Kids vanoberekwa muchirimo, kana Mafuro uye miti yakasvibirira, uye nezvokudya kumativi. Ivo vanokurumidza kusimuka netsoka dzake uye pakarepo akatanga muchayamwa zamu ramai.

mhuka Young yakatanga kutamba uye kudzidza. mbudzi Older kuvadzidzisa kuti kutsvaka zvokudya, vachisvetuka uye kumhanya pamusoro pamatombo, izvo Inowedzera kukura kwavo uye anopa simba. Nhunzvi vagadzirira zvisangane muna 2 years, apo vanhurume chete 4 Makore vane simba zvakakwana uye ruzivo kuti revakadzi yavo.

dzinongoitika vavengi

Avhareji ya Markhor upenyu kunosvika makore 12-16, asi pasinei ichi, nhamba yavo zvishoma nezvishoma shoma. Mhuka dzakanaka idzi akadzivirira, uye kuti kubvuma - The Red Book. Nyanga mbudzi zvisinei kuparadzwa nevanhu vanouraya nokuda nyanga ake akanaka.

Vamwe mhuka anofa zvoga, asi kakawanda pakati nezvikara - yokuSpain, mapere uye chando ingwe. Zvikurukuru kukanganiswa kusimba muduku, saka kubva mwana anogona kazhinji kurarama chete 50%, izvo rinokanganisa kuderera vemo.

Security markhors

Pose anogara sikuruwa-nyanga mbudzi, kunovhima chinorambidzwa, asi haina kumisa kwemutemo. Mhuka pachavo wawana nzira yokupukunyuka - vakachinja mararamiro avo uye vakatanga kundofudza kana mwaranzi kwezuva rokutanga, kana mumadekwana uye usiku, kugara masikati pasi padombo kana muti kudzivirirwa.

Achifumira marefu mumakomo, vanogona kuzvibata chinoshingaira zuva riri YOMUMAKOMO Mafuro apo zvikara havawanzobudiswa, asi vakawanda nguva muzhizha vanosarudza mumumvuri pamatombo, uye munguva yechando - kubva pamba pake uye dzisingambosvikiki mumipata.