Nhoroondo uye vanhu pamusoro Kaliningrad nharaunda. Maguta chikuru rinopenya nyika

The Kaliningrad nharaunda iri rakasiyana munzira dzakawanda. Ndicho westernmost yeRussian Federation uye chete Enclave mukati maro. Kaliningrad Region ndimo ethnically siyana, uye maguta ayo - chaiyo mavakirwo ane Kumubata East Prussian.

Kaliningrad dunhu - yakasiyana dzinonakidza mucheto

Pakapera Hondo Yenyika II, April 7, 1946, Koenigsberg nharaunda rakaumbwa. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare raiwedzera zita aripo. Izvi zvinoshamisa uye mavara chaizvo nedunhu Russia, inova yakawanda pane nemamwe.

Chokutanga, nharaunda ingaita nyika miganhu navamwe Russia. In Kumaodzanyemba pamuganhu pamwe Poland kuchamhembe uye mabvazuva - pamwe Lithuania. Kubva kumavirira riri kusukwa nemvura yeGungwa reBaltic tonhorera. The zvachose nzvimbo Kaliningrad dunhu - zvishoma kupfuura zviuru 15 mativi makiromita. Uyu ndiwo mumwe muduku RF nyaya.

Kaliningrad Region kwevanhu - vanhu 976,000 (sekune 2016). nharaunda iyi Russia iri pedyo zvikuru Europe, kwete munharaunda yakakura chete, asiwo nepfungwa. Mapurani pakuonekwa nzvimbo hakuna zvishoma zvinonakidza. Old akitekicha German unobatanidzwa pamwe hombe muzvivako Soviet-nguva uye ano Russian mapurani.

Kaliningrad nharaunda uyewo zvinokanganisa ayo zviwanikwa. Chekutanga zvose zviri Chokwadi, munenge rinopenya. In Russian nharaunda nyaya inenge 90% pose kugadzirwa "Zvisaririra Inogadzirwa nemasiridzi anobuda mumiti".

Asi kusiyana yepanyama rinopenya pamucheto haisi shoma. Saka, muna Kaliningrad nharaunda ndiyo chete muGungwa reBaltic, ice-isina chiteshi, munyika wakarebesa jecha pfira (UNESCO akadzivirira), mumwe tisaone nemipaini Kasango 'Dancing Forest' pamwe muti oddly yakakoswa hunde dzacho, uye zvikuru uye kujairika.

History of nzvimbo

Kwenguva refu nzvimbo iyi yaiva tsika muzinda unokosha pamusoro East Prussia. Izvi inotsanangura zvizhinji "German" zvisaririra mumaguta nemisha ano Kaliningrad nharaunda: zvidhina machechi, achisimbisa, nhare, rekare tichigadzira mabwe mumigwagwa, nezvimwewo ..

Kwemazana emakore anoverengeka, nyika yakakamurwa pakati Poles uye Lithuanians, vokuGermany uye Russian. In pashure pehondo 1945, maererano nezvisarudzo zvakaitwa panguva Yalta uye Potsdam Misangano, Amber akafamba kusvikira kumucheto USSR. July 4, 1946 Königsberg yekare Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Kaliningrad, uye nharaunda akazozivikanwa Kaliningrad.

Hondo kwakaita kukuru kuvadza nharaunda. Hafu yayo maindasitiri kunzwisisa rakaparadzwa. About 80% of dzimba pavane yaimbova Königsberg chakaparadzwa. Ose nematambudziko kuvakazve guta uye upfumi nedunhu wacho akawira pamusoro pamafudzi ropa kuramba tichishanda hondo utongi Soviet.

Kaliningrad Region

The post-hondo kugarwa of Kaliningrad nharaunda inonzi guru akatama munhoroondo Soviet Union. Panoperera pakati 40s pano massively akaunganidza vanhu vanobva dzakasiyana-siyana hwacho - kubva Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Armenia, Uzbekistan. Panguva iyoyo munzvimbo akadzingirwa wezvizvarwa German kwevanhu.

Nokuti yokutanga post-hondo makumi matatu (1950 kusvika 1979) yevagari of Kaliningrad nharaunda rakakura chaizvo kaviri. Mumakore achangopfuura, nhamba yevanhu vari munzvimbo iyi iri nyika, kunyange zvishoma nezvishoma, asi kukura. Maererano wevanotungamirira maberere, kubudikidza 2030 yevagari yacho nharaunda richavakunda mechidziro vanhu miriyoni imwe.

Nhasi, mukati Kaliningrad mudunhu inogarwa nevamiririri vemarudzi mazhinji uye vemarudzi. Remasangano kwavari:

• Russian (82%);
• Ukrainian (3.5%);
• Byelorussians (3,4%);
• Lithuanian (1%);
• Armenian (1%);
• VokuGermany (asingasviki 1%);
• Tatar (asingasviki 1%).

Modern administrative-miganhu weboka nharaunda

zvidzidzo vangani administrative ndiye Kaliningrad nharaunda? Nzvimbo Western munharaunda Russian Federation akasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe pakukura uye vemo. Vanosvika 15. Kudeuka nzvimbo munzvimbo - Slavskii (pamwe chete muzinda), uye duku - Svetlogorsk.

Administrative nokupesana nharaunda rinopawo kuti weboka muguta remunharaunda ukoshi (pane 6) uye maguta maduku (imwe).

Kaliningrad Region Cities

Padanho urbanization munzvimbo yakakura zvakakwana. Zviri pamusoro 77%. All mukati nharaunda, pane maguta 22. Muzinda nharaunda iri Kaliningrad, riri kumba kusvika 60% of zvachose Vagari mudunhu.

Maguta kupfuura Kaliningrad nharaunda akarongwa ari tafura (tsaru zita uye uwandu vagari):

In mashoko ushanyi vanonakidza zvikuru maguta: Kaliningrad, Baltiysk, Chernyakhovsk, Pravdinsk, Neman Zelenogradsk.

Kaliningrad ndiyo nyika inozivikanwa kwayo Amber Museum, guva muzivi Kant, uyewo wandei dhazeni Fortova zvivako. Pravdinsk, Train, Chernyakhovsk uye Sovietsk kukwezva vashanyi oldness pamusoro mapurani German uye kuBaltic Neman - nokuti kwayo munhoroondo sezvivako dzakawanda. Svetlogorsk uye Zelenogradsk - chikuru plesieroorde of Kaliningrad nharaunda.