Nhoroondo Pfupi Karate munyika uye Russia

Karate - rinongova unyanzvi kurwa kwete, hazvina mararamiro, zviri uzivi wose kuti kunobatsira munhu kuona interconnectedness zvose zviri munyika, kunobatsira kuti vabudirire zvinoenderana zvakasikwa, vanoona mukati mavo uye ukama hwavo nevamwe vanhu.

MuJapan, vanoti kuti Karate - ndiyo nzira kusarudza vanhu simba uye vafambe nayo neapo muupenyu hwake hwose. mweya izvi vakashinga ose zuva rokufurira mwero, achitevera akasarudzwa mirayiridzo, achisimbisa uye tempering muviri uye mweya, nokusingaperi kuziva unyanzvi hutsva.

Nhoroondo kwaita zvombo

The dzokutanga ruzivo nezvenhoroondo Karate musi shure 1761 gore. Musi uyu zvinoreva Cecina Nagamine mubhuku rake rinonzi, yaiti "kunyatsogona ari Okinawan Karate-do." Zvino chinhu nemauto iwe anozivikanwa zvose se "Tode", iro rinoshandurwa kubva Japanese rinoreva "Chinese bhokisi".

Below muchawana nhoroondo yezviri Karate - zvakadai tsika dzayo zvichengeteke.

Makarekare akararama Chinese murwi ainzi Kusanku uyo kamwe akaratidza unyanzvi rake guru uye unyanzvi ari Chinese tsiva, vaoni achafara kwayo utsva uye rinokosha kwenzira kuti kubatwa. Ichi chikomo kuti nhoroondo Karate muna Okinawa chiitiko chakaitika - chitsuwa, riri munzvimbo rezvitsuwa Ryukyu muJapan. The nzvimbo chitsuwa akanga achangobva panguva mharadzano dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana, uye paiva iyoyo kure Korea, Japan, Taiwan uye China. inoti zvose izvi zvakanga nguva nenguva hondo mumwe nokuda nhaka Ryukyu Archipelago, saka mumwe nomumwe chitsuwa chaiva murwi, kazhinji kumarudzi akawanda. In XV remakore munzvimbo iyi makanga kurambidza kutakura zvombo, saka varwi vari Okinawa chizvarwa chimwe kunatsiridza unyanzvi hwavo yetsiva pasina iye.

Pakupera ari XVIII remakore, sezvo nhoroondo Karate, Sokugavoy tenzi mutaundi Shuri Te chikoro chokutanga wakavhurwa zviri nemakirasi dzakanga yakazonyorwa. Matsamura Shokun achiri Okinawa Supreme naivowo zvombo, uyewo akaronga chikoro nezita "Shorin-Ryu Karate" (Shorin - young dondo), iyo hunodzorwa zvachose chirango uye tsika dzidzo shugyo. A pachena chepfungwa chikoro vaiva rinonyengera inofamba uye kusimba rinoshamisa. Matsamury mudzidzi waizikamwa chitsuwa rose uye kunze Asato Anko, izvo, vavawo chipangamazano Funakoshi Gichin.

Uye ikozvino Funakoshi Gichin uye anonzi muvambi Karate. Iye, Chokwadi, kwete pachake tega chimiro ichi zvombo, asi murume uyu zvabatanidzwa yakasvinwa uye dzakanyorwa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana Chinese ruoko kuti kurwisana ruoko uye akasika mutsva muchimiro Karate-Jujutsu hondo, iro rinoshandurwa kubva Japanese rinoreva "unyanzvi Chinese ruoko".

Funakoshi kokutanga yakaratidza nyika Karate jujitsu panguva, kana rakaitirwa Tokyo Martial Arts Festival muna 1921. makore padikidiki gumi nevaviri sezvo vachangobva kusikwa muchimiro hondo akawana zvikuru kukurumbira muJapan, izvo zvakazoita kuti kuwanikwa dzakasiyana zvikoro zvakawanda.

Karate: nhoroondo zita

Muna 1931, rimwe Congress of "mhuri huru Okinawan Karate", umo kwakasarudzwa kuti mumwe werudzii, yakabuda panguva, ane kodzero kuva. Uyewo panguva reCongress takasarudza kupa mumwe zita hworudzi urwu zvombo, nekuti paiva neimwe hondo pamwe China panguva. Hieroglyph "Kara", anotaurwa so "China", kwakatsiva hieroglyph, rakanga verenga zvakanaka, asi chinhu kwaireva. Also akatsiviwa "jutsu" - "unyanzvi" mu "pamberi" - ". Nzira" Ndakazoona zita rinoshandiswa kusvikira nhasi. Zvinoita sokuti "Karate" rinoshandurwa se "nzira isina ruoko".

History of kupararira uye kukura Karate munyika

Muna 1945, apo Japan vakarasikirwa hondo, US basa vakuru rakarambidzwa pachitsuwa ose Japanese zvombo. Asi Karate kwainzi Chinese jimunasitikisi uye kudzivisa nokurambidzwa. Izvi zvakaita kuti munhu mutsva ose pakukura zvombo, izvo zvakazoita kuti zvisikwa 1948 pakati weJapanese Karate Association, inotungamirwa Funakoshi. Muna 1953, chokudzidzisa vepamusoro vamapoka US Army muUnited States vanokokwa vatenzi dzakakurumbira.

Pashure Olympic Games muTokyo muna 1964 Karate yawana zvikuru mukurumbira pasi rose. Izviwo, kwakakonzera pakusikwa World Union of Karate-do Organisations.

Karate Purpose

Pakutanga, maererano munhoroondo Karate, kuti zvombo mhando iyi akasikwa ari nemauto unyanzvi, uye akaronga kuvinga kuzvidzivirira pasina zvombo. Karate Chinangwa - kubatsira uye kudzivirira, asi kuti kuremadza uye kwete kukuvadza.

Siyana zviri Karate

Kusiyana nezvimwe zvombo, pane kushoma kuonana pakati varwi. Uye kuti kukunda muvengi, vachishandisa simba uye yakarurama zvibhakera sezvo maoko nemakumbo pamusoro inokosha pfungwa dzemuviri. Pane zvakawanda zvinoita zviri kwakadai zvombo kuti vari akatsiga pasi Racks uye dzakaoma zvinogumbura, uyewo mune pakarepo yezwi pakaunda panguva yakarurama uye simba ranwa. Saka mheni kunoitika pamusoro pfupi nzira ine wevasungwa kukuru simba kutoda kwechirwere, unonzi kime.

Sezvo Karate - kunyanya kudzivirira, vose chiito pano inotanga azvidzivirire. Asi pashure pacho, uye ichi ndicho musimboti Karate kunofanira mheni zvakasimba mukupindura kurwisa.

Principles vashandise unyanzvi

Nokuti kushandiswa kwakarurama dzakasiyana mune Karate inopa nhamba dzemitemo. Pakati pavo: kime, akataura pamusoro; dzokugara chirimo - the Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kusarudza nzvimbo; Hara - kubatana kwakaita tsandanyama simba pamwechete zvemukati simba; dzesin - hwakasimba mweya. Zvose izvi panoonekwa kwenguva refu muviri pamutemo "Kata" kurovedza uye machisi "Kumite". Pakati kata uye kumite zvakasiyana zvitaera uye zvikoro vanogona nechiedzo, uye anogona kupa kupfuura kana muviri kana kurwa.

Okuruka Karate

Mazuvano, akawanda zana zvitaera siyana anozivikanwa munyika. In Karate akatsemura hwaro akatanga kubvira panguva kwayo. Vanhu vazhinji siyana imomu nemauto unyanzvi, uye vose kwasvika yakakwirira yakati sandara, anoita chinhu yavowo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chero maitiro, vakakwira akararama kusvikira chipo, nzira imwe kana mumwe uchikurukura nomumwe zvinotevera:

1. Kempo - Chinese-Okinawan rechiuto nounyanzvi.

2. Karate dzyuttsu - Japan shanduro kuhondo mweya Motobu.

3. Karate-do - Japanese kwouzivi uye pedagogical shanduro iri mweya Funakoshi.

4. Sport Karate - kana kuonana kana Semi-kuonana.

Pane zvitaera akawanda kuti zvinofanira kucherechedzwa.

1. Mumwe wavo - Shotokan (Shotokan). muvambi waro - Gichin Funakoshi, asi mupiro mukuru kuna kukura wokugadzira hwakatangwa mwanakomana wake Giko. Siyana simba nesimba kufamba, uyewo mudanga anomira.
2. History of Kyokushin Karate inotanga muna 1956. Muvambi chinhu Korean-akaberekerwa Masutatsu Oyama (akadzidza pasi Gichin Funakoshi). The zita anoshandura se "manyorero yechokwadi chaizvo." History of Karate Kyokushin anoratidza kuti chinhu chikuru pano - kurwa kushanda, asi kwete kupora uye kukura tsika.
3. Wado-ryu, kana "Kubvumirana nzira." Based Hironori Otsuki, mumwe mukuru vadzidzi Funakoshi. Style ichi anoshandisa zvinorwadza pfari nokuti ruoko, magadzirirwo nokusaita zvibhakera, vanorasira. Kusimbisa pano mufambo masangano. Zvainanga sparring.
4. Shito-ryu. Muvambi wokugadzira - Kenwa Mabuni. Siyana pakudzidza kuno- rinonyanya uwandu kata (vanenge makumi mashanu).
5. Goju-ryu (shanduro - "vakaoma-nyoro"). Muvambi Gichin Style kuMiyagi. Movement Attack yakasimba, yakaitirwa yakarurama mutsetse, uye kudzivirira nyoro kufamba, kuitwa denderedzwa. Most siyana zvose zviri kure yemakwikwi mitambo-zvinangwa zvayo sendarama chimiro.

Karate muRussia

History of Karate kukura muRussia rinotanga chitarisiko mudzidzi netsvimbo uye zvikamu. havaoni avo vaiva vanhu vakanga rombo zvakakwana kuenda kunze uye kuenda ikoko kudzidza ichi rechiuto unyanzvi. Wild yakakurumbira tsika iyi kuti zvombo mhando uye spontaneity nokuparadzirwa dzavo zvakakonzera kuti muna November 1978 muna USSR, basa raikosha kuti kukura Karate akasikwa. Maererano migumisiro basa rayo muna December 1978 Soviet Karate Federation yakatangwa. Sezvo mitemo chokudzidzisa zvombo mhando iyi vari kuramba uye vanorega akambokanganiswa, Kuwedzera yakaitwa kuti Criminal Code iri "basa nokuda pamutemo kurovedza Karate." Kubva 1984 kusvika 1989, ndiwo nemauto uri Soviet Union yakanga pasi kurambidzwa, yakasimbiswa sezvakarayirwa nhamba 404, nekanzuru Sports Committee. Asi chikamu, kwakadai zvombo kudzidzisa, yakapfuurira kurarama pachivande. Muna 1989, December 18, State Committee of USSR akapfuura chisarudzo nhamba 9/3, izvo murayiro nhamba 404 zvakazivikanwa sezvo ndedzenhema. Pari muRussia pane akawandisa nemisanganiswa uye zvitaera, izvo zviri kushingaira kushanda pamwe Karate nemasangano dzakawanda.

Uzivi Karate

Kana isu kutaura Karate uzivi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvakavakirwa panheyo yokusaita chisimba iyo ichiri. The mhiko kuti Karate netsvimbo kupa vadzidzi pamberi nokudzidziswa, vanosungirwa haana kushandisa unyanzvi uye zivo pakukuvadza vanhu uye kwete kushandisa nokuda azvipfumise.