Ndezvipi nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana evhu

Kana mukakumbira murimi, vanoomerera nenhungamiro makemikari zvokurima, ndedzipi rakasiyana-siyana ivhu, haringakupi mubvunzo sei mubvunzo uyu zivo yacho. Kunzwisisa, kana kunzwisisa zvakanaka musiyano muvhu - hwaro zvayo goho rakanaka, zvakakodzera (verenga - akachenjera) nzira kuwedzera wembereko uye pakupedzisira utano uye kugara zvakanaka kwemhuri yose. Chokwadi, pamwe ano ruzivo agribusiness yokuti "ivhu mhando" mumucheto pamwe yakarasikirwa kukosha kwayo: maindasitiri nzira kukura miti inobva fetiraiza, kukura muviri uye rutsigiro "kemisitiri".

Asangana dzinonakidza chokwadi: pasinei kukosha panyika munhu, saka kure hapana chete munyika yose mureza, saka mumwe nyika ivhu mhando vanodudzira kwavowo. Chokwadi, kuedza kuumba mitemo vakanga - a "kupatsanura pakati FAO" uye vatsva "Database abstrakti kuti ivhu zvinhu", asi zvachose nyaya isina kugadziriswa. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kuyeuka SI maitiro: sezvinoita nyika, waifarirwa, asi munyika dzakawanda kushandisa makiromita, tsoka, etc. In kudzidza ivhu mhando Russia, zvinokwanisika kutarisana chokwadi kuti kusvikira zvino vazhinji kushandiswa yechinyakare kupatsanura Soviet Union, kunyange muna 1977. gore bhuku. vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti inobva mabasa Dokuchaev Ivhu Science Institute 1967. izvi zvose pasinei kuti chiedza 2004 yakabudisa yoku- shanduro zvikuru "kupatsanura itsva".

Classifying Mhando nevhu, zvakafanira kunzwisisa musiyano pakati okuti "zvirimwa" uye "mhando". Saka, ivhu mhando iri kupatsanura chairema inotaridza musiyano kusimba uye kusimba ivhu pezvakaitwa vaiona nharaunda, inova hwaro mamwemazwi vezvikwata kuti, mhando uye subtype mhando. The yokupedzisira, akavapindurawo, ari zvavo chairema kupatsanura, iyo anosarudza uwandu zvivako, kwakavakirwa peculiarities zvevhu inotungamirwa pezvakaitwa uye modes. Zvinoitawo inorangarira nemagene horizons.

Saka, pane zvinotevera mhando ivhu:

- Peatlands. Very yakaorera. The anokosha zvinhu zvinosanganisira mukana subsidence pamwero uye zvishoma nezvishoma waterlogging. Upland moors, sezvinoita mutemo, kupa iine acid maitiro, saka zvinokosha kufunga uye vanotsvaka kudzorera nengaidzo pakati asidhi uye alkaline. Somuenzaniso, apo munzvimbo duku kunobvira kuwedzera madota kana nedota.

- Solontsy. The zita pacharo rinoratidza kuti nevhu izvi akapfuma munyu (zvokudya chete, NaCl). Kana chando inonyunguduka ngaunyatsobata mwando kwenguva refu, uye pashure vachiyanikira kuva simba kwazvo. No kugadzirira zvakaoma kuwana zvibereko. Kazhinji mugore kuita gypsum kana madota, uye wechipiri - fetiraiza (mupfudze).

- Sand. Nokuda mukuru zviri jecha ivhu kwakadaro haawanzotauri anoramba unyoro uye haakonzeri paumbwe manyowa rukoko. Manyowa akawedzera (rimwe 10-fő mugomo pa mativi mita) uye pano neapo - nevhu nezvimedu tichisunga.

- Clay. It rinoungana mwando, zvomutadzisa zvakajairika kukura zvinomera. Kazhinji neshungu. Kuderedza arambe achirema nokuwedzera manyowa, turf asidhi "vadzimwa" madota. Kana kwematsutso nokuchera mibhedha vachisiya guru.

Huru ivhu mhando dzinoturwa zvakarurama yakakura pasi. Izvi zvinosanganisira ivhu dema, dondo ivhu, wemarudzi, Prairie, jecha, mashava, ndachena, etc. Pane nyore zvavo nzira kuziva mhando :. Kudiwa kutora tsama pasi nyoro (parege kuva tsvina, hapana vachiteura kuti kuoma), rwakapetwa matanda, uye edza kuita nokubatanidza kumucheto "iri doughnut." Ini vagokungurusa kumusoro, asi anowa voga - jecha nevhu. No zvadzikira - hunodzorwa jecha. Kutsemuka "Bagel" - zvinoreva loam. All zvakakwana akakungurutsirwa uye zvakabatanidzwa - ivhu muvhu. I kuswedera kamwe zvakare kuteerera kwenyu kuti chiitiko ichi chinofanira kuitwa panguva optimum mwando kugutsikana.