Ndechipi yepakutanga zita yakaronga kuti motokari "Victory"? Zita yepakutanga mumotokari "Kukunda" iri USSR

Nhoroondo Soviet yemotokari indasitiri akasika ngano zhinji uye nyaya yakakurumbira. Vakawanda vavo vakawana vachizvipikisa zvizivikanwe motokari. Mumwe izvi nyaya ndiyo nyaya sei pakutanga rainzi motokari "Victory".

Rakatanga chirongwa

"Victory" akazviratidza mumigwagwa Soviet yechipiri yezana 40s. Chirongwa ichi rakatangwa panguva yacho Gorky Automobile Plant. Pfungwa itsva mutakurwi motokari wemutovo vagadziri, zvakava pachena kuti yekare "gazovskih" muenzaniso usingachashandi. Pakati pavo uye ichangobva mune motokari indasitiri kwave kuchikosha mukaha mumakore gumi. With okuguma Great Patriotic War hwenyika Soviet pakupedzisira vakatanga kuwanazve. Paivawo nezvinhu uye mari pakusika uye uremu kweShanduro muenzaniso itsva.

Zita motokari "Kukunda" yepakutanga kwave ichikurukurwa pakupedzisira padanho kuvakwa. Asi mutsva motokari chirongwa pacharo Gorky Automobile akazviratidza muna 1943. Ipapo hurumende akapa basa GAZ vanachiremba kutanga muenzaniso itsva kirasi pakati. Domestic vanatenzi akatanga kusarudza zvakagadzirwa zvinhu uye muenzaniso marongerwo.

Stalin muchinangwa kwaita "Victory"

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika chii zita motokari "Kukunda" yepakutanga haana kufanana Stalin. Hazvishamisi kuti musoro Soviet mamiriro panguva iyoyo yaidzorwa zvose zvinokosha maindasitiri uye motokari kuitika munyika. Stalin akatanga makore mashanu okutanga. Ndiye reconfigured upfumi Soviet ari kumanikidzwa maindasitiri. Kusanganisira munyori mukuru pachake Aitarisira pakusikwa Gorky Automobile Plant ari 30s. Mune ramangwana, Stalin akabhadhara tikanyatsoteerera zviri kuitika izvi zvichikosha yose zvebhizimisi ose ehurumende.

Muna 1944, kuti Kremlin aiva mharidzo wezvaizogona mumotokari ramangwana. Kukosha chiitiko chakanga huru. Kana kubudirira panguva soro kwevari simba uye mvumo kubva kwavari kusunungura motokari aifanira kupinda vakawanda kugadzirwa.

Kusarudza zita

Saka chii zita motokari "Victory" yepakutanga havana kufanana Stalin? Munhu wokutanga zvose kuudzwa zvose zvinhu akapa nemota. Pakupedzisira, kwezana kusvika rokuremekedza. Musoro Soviet Union zvinganaka munhu musiyano pakati "Kumusha." Ndizvo zita yepakutanga aronga kuti motokari "Victory". Stalin akadaro "chiratidzo" haana kufanana. Pane ngano kuti wittily akapindura mubvunzo kuti izvi: "Uye sei isu zvino Rodina"

Pashure paizvozvo zita chaigara oparadzwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, aitarisira motokari remangwana basa, zvaikosha chaizvo kusarudza nyika kuzvipedza. Naizvozvo, zvinotevera mutongo raiva zita "Victory". Ipfungwa Izvi zvakapa Stalin. "Kumusha" (kureva, zita yepakutanga pane chakarongwa nokuda motokari "Kukunda") - chete misfire basa racho.

Technical zvinhu

In padariro wokutanga mazano motokari yake huru manyorero uye michina zvinhu zvave kuzivikanwa. Kits vakasarudza kupa muchina kamari kabhini uriri zvavakatemerwa pamusoro mberi ekisero simba Unit, yakazvimirira pamberi kuturika springiness. Zita motokari "Victory" ( "Motherland") yepakutanga yakanga akaronga kupa muridzi ane wingless monocoque ane streamlined chimiro. Maererano nechitarisiko uye ziso negadziriso iyoyo yaiva pfungwa kupfuura ano. Maererano pfungwa vagadziri, "Victory" aisangova muchina. Akava chiratidzo mukurumbira wenyika yose Soviet motokari indasitiri.

The zvakananga foromani kuvaka yakanga mukuru Mugadziri wacho Gorky chirimwa Andrei Lipgart. Ndiye pakupedzisira vaitaura vose hwokugadzira mhinduro chokuita motokari unhu. Lipgart uye akasarudza Logo nokuda womuenzaniso itsva. Yaiva tsamba "M" iro raiva panotaurwa ipapo zita chirimwa. Mukutanga 30s zvakanzi kunzi "Molotovets" vachikudza National nomumiririri uye anofungidzirwa Stalin , Vyacheslav Molotov. Stylized ari Logo akafanana meno pakati Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin, uyewo tii - chiratidzo kurwizi rukuru Volga.

The matambudziko hondo motokari

Chokwadi, zita motokari "Kukunda" yepakutanga yaiva nyika. Kusarudza yechipiri yakanga rakananga kuchiratidza kubudirira muHondo Yenyika II. Panguva achirwa Nazi Germany mudzimba nyanzvi yawana chaizvo chiitiko kushanda nezvavatorwa yemashoko imotokari. Aya motokari vakabata kubva Wehrmacht uye zvakananga muGermany. A kuwanda motokari azviratidza muSoviet Union pashure pehondo sezvo zvokushandisa akatora muvengi.

Uyewo, vazhinji vemadzimai mienzaniso vakapinda nyika kubva America. US zviremera papurogiramu Zvipire-Lease akaiswa kuna Soviet Union yakawanda mota. Experience pakushandisa unyanzvi ichi kwakabatsira vanachiremba Soviet kuona hwokugadzira uye magadzirirwo zvisarudzo maringe motokari itsva. Hazvishamisi kuti zita motokari "Kukunda" yepakutanga zvakataurwa. GAZ mwana mutsva aizova mumwe muganhu revarwi nevarwi Third Reich.

The Kuvamba dzino kugadzirwa

Motokari yokutanga "Victory" zvakabudiswa muzhizha 1946. mhando izvi, zvisinei, akanga chete ine gwaro. Nyanzvi obkatyvali utsva uye kuongororwa kuti kuvapo michina zvikanganiso. Analysis yakatora mwedzi inoverengeka. Panguva ino, ungano mutsetse akaenda 23 motokari. Vose ndokubereka rakasiyana nomuteresi wacho husiri nyore kuwana.

Zita motokari "Kukunda" muSoviet Union yepakutanga yakanga mhosva Stalin. Chokwadi, Munyori General aiva munhu wokutanga kuona kugadzirwa womuenzaniso. Rakaitwa muna 1947. Stalin aifarira motokari. Namarudzi tendero, aripo guru, vakawanda kugadzirwa rakatanga. kuzviuru of "Kukunda" vakaungana February 1948 kure gungano mutsetse.

kudiwa nadzurudzo

"Kukunda" akanga akatakurwa mumakore 1946-1958. Munguva iyi akaenda kuburikidza okunatsiridza akawanda. Izvi zvakaitika nekuti pakutanga 50s vakava pachena magadzirirwo zvikanganiso pamberi muenzaniso ano. Vakanzi chokuita hwakaderera functionality muviri. The siringi pamusoro rwemberi chigaro kuva wakaomera vanhu. Hunde vasingagoni kuzvirumbidza pamusoro vhoriyamu guru.

Ko zita motokari "Victory" vaiona vagadziri yepakutanga? Vaida kupa motokari zita "Rodina", asi Stalin vakachinja sarudzo iyi. Kuti muchina rakava zvechokwadi kukunda sezvo zita raro, inofanira yoku-.

"Kukunda-isu"

"Victory-US" inomira pakati zvaMambo rudzi wokutanga akakurumbira motokari okunatsiridza. Zita rokuremekedza iri rakanga risiri magadzirirwo. Zviri kurehwa zviri mamiriro nesayenzi muzinda mumunda Automotive. vanachiremba awo aida kutanga kugadzirwa imwe dikidiki chiratidzo muchina.

The chikuru utsanzi ndechokuti muviri fastback Sedan aifanira kutsiviwa ne kwakajairika Sedan. Front pasofa mu yokutandarira anopa yakajeka, uye panzvimbo yacho akaisa nokwenzvimbo zvigaro pamwe nani painoperera. Re-kuronga aizobvumira kuwedzera kushandisika nzvimbo iripo kuti mutyairi vakatakurwa. Kazhinji, kukura nyanzvi US ndiko kuvandudza kunyaradza. pfungwa idzi vasina chinozoiswa nokuda mukuru Mari yaidiwa kuvaka.