Musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika Russia: makore, vaida, migumisiro

Kuva vemutungamiri chehurumende munyika yedu yakanga asiri nyore muitiro, zvakaitika nekaupenyu achangobva. Chokutanga, Russia ave monarchical simba, dzinotungamirirwa mambo, uye simba rakanga nhaka. Mushure Great October Socialist Revolution, simba rehurumende, unonzi Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), akanga anazvo neDare Communist Party. Musoro State akava Secretary General.

nzvimbo iyi yakatora kusvikira kuuya nesimba Mihaila Sergeevicha Gorbacheva, uyo akatanga ari mamiriro pambiru purezidhendi Soviet Union. Akava zvose purezidhendi nyika iyi yokutanga uye pakupedzisira. Mune ramangwana, nzvimbo musoro wehurumende akanga pakutsvaga musarudzo. Gore Russia, uyo akatora mugove uye migumisiro sarudzo - dingindira ino.

Wokutanga Russian sarudzo yacho wenyika

Sarudzo weNyika wekutanga chaizvo dzakaitwa June 1991, somugumisiro iyo ine chinzvimbo chepamusoro, Boris Yeltsin akasarudzwa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti panguva iyoyo Russia aiva Zimbabwe Soviet Union uye akanzi RSFSR. Mikhail Gorbachev ari musarudzo havana kubatanidzwa. Musarudzo akanga yakarongwa maererano migumisiro referendamu rakaitirwa March gore iroro.

wenyika musarudzo matanhatu. Boris Yeltsin akakunda aine kumucheto nemamwe musarudzo, pakati pavo Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Nikolai Ryzhkov, Aman Tuleyev, Albert Makashov, uye Vadim Bakatin. Vose nhamba idzi zvakasiya zvikasawanirwa muupenyu enyika munyika pakawanda. Somuenzaniso, Zhirinovsky muna 1993 asvika State Duma, rinotungamirirwa bato ravo - the Liberal Democratic Party - uye vakagarapo kusvikira nhasi. Ryzhkov vakanga kusarudzwa kuHurumende Duma, uye akava gavhuna Tuleyev, Kemerovo nharaunda.

The vemutungamiri sarudzo muna 1996

Musarudzo dziri dzinoitwa mushure memakore mashanu pashure musarudzo rokutanga chairo, mutungamiri munyika. Dzavo Zvakaguma apiwa sarudzo Borisa Eltsina.

Nhasi, vakawanda vari kuvabvunzeiko kana sarudzo idzi vakatendeseka, kana pakanga paine nechitsotsi falsification. Chokwadi chokuti kureva kuti incumbent purezidhendi akanga yakaderera chaizvo panguva inenge 3-6 muzana nguva 1995. Uyewo gore rino, sarudzo dzakaitwa muna State Duma, uye vazhinji mavhoti yakahwina Communist Party (KPRF) rinotungamirirwa Zyuganov. It aitarisirwa kuti aizova kufarira ari ra1996 vemutungamiri rudzi kwegore. Mune ose nesananguro 11 musarudzo rokutanga vakagamuchira zviviri zvakanakira - Gennady Zyuganov uye Boris Eltsin. Somugumisiro, akanga agadzwa rwakapoteredza wechipiri, umo Yeltsin akava purezidhendi reRussia.

Pakati vatsigiri rechiKomonisiti pfungwa pane maonero kuti sarudzo dzakanga VaDabengwa, asi kukunda chaiye aiva Zyuganov, uyo akaramba "kurwa kusvikira pakuguma."

Muna 1999, panguva Gore Idzva kwaziso Boris Yeltsin vakazivisa nyika kuti nokuzvidira retires. Kuita akagadzwa Vladimir Putin.

Musarudzo pakupera kwezana remakore: 2000

Mugumisiro yokurega pakati Yeltsin vakatanga mangwanani musarudzo wenyika dzakaitwa panoperera March 2000. Panguva kutanga musarudzo, 33 mafomu vakanga pasi, izvo 28 vakanga nominated nemapoka zvavo danho, uye akasara shanu - masangano ezvematongerwo enyika, mapato. Vladimir Putin kwave nominated ne rezvematongerwo enyika haasi munhu, asi pachinzvimbo kutanga boka. Zvadaro, vadzidzi vaiva 12 - vamwe havana kuverengwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, asi vanhu 11 chete akatora mugove musarudzo. Nguva pfupi asati kuvhota zuva, mumwe musarudzo vakarega nhangemutange.

The vemutungamiri Kusarudzwa 2000 akauya kukunda Vladimiru Putinu. nzvimbo yechipiri akaenda Gennady Zyuganov, yeutongi mutungamiri.

Elections 2004

Mushure memakore mana izwi akatanga itsva danidziro nokuda sarudzo dzemutungamiriri wenyika. In paMarch 2004 sarudzo dzemutungamiriri wenyika yaiitwa. chokwadi vaida raisava zvakakomba makwikwi nokuda incumbent Vladimira Putina musoro munyika, iyo akamutendera kuti kuzodzosera ndigowana kechipiri izwi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nguva iyi, Communist Party akaita nominated Nikolai Kharitonov panzvimbo isingachinji Gennady Zyuganov. Saizvozvowo, uye Liberal Democratic Party akagamuchira - pachinzvimbo Vladimir Zhirinovsky muchirongwa musarudzo Oleg Malyshkin. Paivawo musarudzo akadai Irina Khakamada, Sergei Mironov uye Sergei Glazyev.

Elections 2008. The mutungamiri mutsva

Maererano Russian Constitution, purezidhendi haana kodzero vazotsvaga wechitatu izwi. Maererano chokwadi ichi, maonero chakakurukurwa munharaunda, ari mumiriri kuva "mutsivi" Vladimir Putin. Pakutanga zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti "anoda kubhabhatidzwa Putin" vachava Sergei Ivanov, Dmitry Medvedev, asi zvino mumwe munhu akaonekwa yezvematongetwo. Akanga nominated ne "United Russia" bato rezvematongerwo enyika. Kunze kwake, akanga apinda ne Communist Party Gennady Zyuganov, Vladimir Zhirinovsky of Liberal Democratic Party uye Andrei Bogdanov - mumiriri of Democratic Party kweRussia, asi uyo akamhanya ari kuzvidzora kusimudzirwa. Saka, nokuvhota mazita mana chete.

Pakutanga March, nhamba 2, akabata sarudzo dzemutungamiriri wenyika. Zvabuda vaiva oneka - mukukunda Putin kuti protege, Dmitry Medvedev. nzvimbo yechipiri akaenda Zyuganov, wechitatu - Zhirinovsky ukuwo, yokupedzisira yakaratidza Bogdanov.

Vladimir Putin kechitatu izwi

Musarudzo dziri muRussia dzakaitwa March 2012. Vladimir Putin, aiva seri bhodhi panguva Medvedev wehurumende, akasarudza kupinda mazviri. Anotevera mashoko reMitemo yakapirikirwa, iyo inoti kuti purezidhendi hazvigoni kusarudzwa akatevedzana mashoko anopfuura maviri. Somugumisiro, paiva pfungwa kuti pashure Medvedev kuti utungamiriri kechitatu zvinoitika kwete "kururamiswa", uye Vladimir Putin chinyararire akazivisa candidacy ake nokuda sarudzo. Kunze kwake, akanga wakapindwa mana musarudzo - Zyuganov, Zhirinovsky, Mironov uye Mikhail Prokhorov, nominated kuburikidza nokuzvidzora nomination. Zvakaguma vakakunda Putin, ndianiko mutungamiri nhasi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanoverengeka paruzhinji uye enyika inofananidza vanoziva sarudzo sezvo zvisiri pamutemo, kusanganisira nokuti vaiitawo Putin, uyo purezidhendi kaviri. Pausiku Pakutsaurirwa, musi May 6 muMoscow yakaita dziite kunyunyuta akakura kupinda mhirizhonga. Zvisinei, hapana migumisiro isina kwakaita, kuwedzera kune kusungwa uye mujeri nokuda nhengo.

Kana chido musarudzo?

Muna 2008, mutemo wakadzikwa, maererano izvo rokuti muhofisi yemutungamiri haana 4 makore uye zvakawanda 6 nemakore. Somugumisiro, musarudzo dziri muRussia kuchaitika muna 2018. Panguva iyi haisi kuzivikanwa ndiani ingotora chikamu maari. Will Vladimir Putin kumhanya kuti nguva "wechipiri", kana Communist Party uye Liberal Democratic Party nominated mutungamiri waro, kana kusarudza musarudzo itsva - mibvunzo kuti haasati vane mhinduro.