Muranovo - Tyutchev Manor, museum-kuchengetwa. Nzira yekuenda kuMuranovo Manor. Kuongorora kwevashanyi

50 km kubva kuMoscow ndiyo nhaka huru yemunyori mukuru weRussia FI Tyutchev. Iyi nzvimbo inonzi "Murano". Puripi imwe nguva yaiva imba yehama neshamwari dzomunyori. Uye mushure mekufa kwaTyutchev, zvakasarudzwa kutakura zvinyorwa zvake uye mhuri dzisina kuwanikwa kumunda. Zvadaro, musamuziyamu wakarongwa pano. Manor Muranovo, nzvimbo yepamutemo iyo ine ruzivo pamusoro pezvakaitika zveimba yacho, inogamuchira zviuru zvevakashamba gore negore - vanodikanwa uye vanogadzirisa kunaka.

General information

Munyika yedu kune runyorwa rwemashoko ematunhu akakurumbira, avo vanoyeuka vakasarudzwa kupfuurira. Muna 1920, musamuziyamu yakavhurwa muTyutchev mvumo pedyo neMoscow, iyo yakatumidzwa mukukudzwa kwake. Chii chinonzi chimiro, iyo nzvimbo yakakwanisa kuchengetedza kuve kwechokwadi mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kunyatsodzidza tsika dzekuita panguva iyoyo. Vakasika vesimamende nechisarudzo chakakodzwazve vakadzokorora mhepo yakatonga mumba panguva yemakore ehupenyu hwaTutchev. Saka, pane mahwindo kune maketeni ekutanga kwezana remakore, mabwendefa akafukidzwa ne shabby tablecloth, uye wadhiroyo inoputirwa nemifananidzo yenguva iyoyo. Chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chine "mudzi" waro. Uye paunotarisa mukati, zvinoratidzika kuti firimu iyi ichiri kuchengeta kubata kwemaoko tenzi wake. Muranovo - manor ine nguva isingawanzoitiki. Iyo nzvimbo inonzi inzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana yemutauro weRussia. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekubatana nemazita maviri anonyanya kurumbidza: Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky naFedor Ivanovich Tyutchev. Rudzi rwose rweRussia intelligentsia yezana remakore rechi19 rakaungana mu "imba yemanyori". Kusvikira ikozvino, mamiriro ehupenyu akagara pano, umo maigara mararamiro evanhu vane zvipo, avo vakataura mumabasa avo manzwiro uye nzira yekufunga yevamiriri vepanguva yapfuura.

Kuonekwa

Kune avo vakashanyira Muranovo, farmstead (kuongororwa kwevakashanyi vazhinji vanosimbisa izvi) yakagara yakapinda mukati memweya pamwe nekusava kwayo, mukati mekunaka. Vashanyi havazooni pano mutsara wemirasi machena, hapana gedhi rine mavhenekete akazaruka, asina masvingo makuru pamusoro pematanho - hapana chinhu chinowanikwa munzvimbo dzekare. Pano iwe haungazocherechedzi chikumbaridzo uye maitiro ezvivako zvemazuva iwayo. Ne "anofungisisa" linden alley, recharging nerunyararo uye runyararo, munhu anogona kufamba kuimba iyo maonero akanaka anotanga. Chimiro hachisi chakasiyana nekusiyana kwezvivakwa. Munguva iyi, kubwinya kwemukati kunogona kukonzera kushamisika kunoshamisa.

Interior design

Pamberi pemasuo akazaruka unogona kuona rutsva rwemakamuri akabatana. Urongwa hwakadaro hwakafanana nemitemo yehupenyu hwemazuva iwayo. Kuchinja nekutsvaga mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirwa kwepamusoro hazvina kukanganisa nzvimbo dzenguva iyoyo. Chimiro chetsika chemakamuri chakanga chisiri chenguva chaivo chete, asiwo chimwe chinhu chakasiyana chinoratidza unhu hwakanaka. Imba ye Muranovo inoshanda sechisimbiso chakajeka cheizvi. Iyo farmstead, chinyorwa chatinobudiswa munyaya yacho, inotanga neimba huru yekugara. Imba ino inoumba hukuru uye hukama hweimba yose. Nemhaka yeiyo isina mahwindo, kudzikama kwechiedza kunogara pano panguva ipi zvayo yezuva. Chiedza chinouya pano bedzi kuburikidza nemasuo akazaruka emakamuri ekukurukura. Mamiriro ezvinhu ose emukamuri anofanirwa kupinda mukati mawo ane musoro, achigara munguva iyoyo. Unofema, iwe unogona kutarisa kwenguva yakareba mifananidzo iri pamadziro, uchiyemura mutambo wakaisvonaka wekadhi remakadhi, kurasikirwa mukurira kwekuimba kwemaawa ekushanda kwemasters echiFrench. Kuswedera kwemazana maviri emakore, ikozvino neyakare, zvakawana kuratidzwa kwayo pano. Kufambira mberi kwemazuva iwayo kwaiva kuti hukuru uye hukuru hwemukati hazvifaniri kuderedza kana kunyadzisa vanhu. Izvi zvinowanikwawo pano. Chishongo chakaisvonaka chebhandi pamwe nekugadzika chinosungirirwa pedyo nehuwandu hwekukura kwevanhu, izvo zvinoita kuti imba yekurarama ive tsanangudzo yakananga uye inonzwika. Nzvimbo yemoto iri mumirase miviri yakasiyana kusimba kwakanyanya.

Mabasa eunyanzvi

Academician A. Grabar akati Muranovo inharaunda umo mabasa asinganzwisisiki ekudhindwa kweRussia aripo. Mumufananidzo wemifananidzo, inounganidzwa nemarudzi akawanda emadzimai, kune mabasa anoshamisa aKiprensky, Rokotov, Savrasov, Aivazovsky, Tropinin. Zvinhu zvinodhindwa mukati memukamuri haisi chete mararamiro ekushongedza uye peji reRussia, asi vanobatanidza nguva uye nguva. Mufananidzo wemuongorori Karl Bardou, wakaitwa mumifananidzo yekare, inoratidzira mhuri yemhuri yaL. N. Engelhardt. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, vaiva vaeni veimba ye Muranovo. Nzvimbo yacho yakagamuchirawo Pushkin, Davidov, uyo aigara mumba mavo Baratynsky akasangana nemudzimai wake weramangwana - Anastasia Engelhardt.

Nhoroondo

Muna 1841 Baratynsky - nekuda kwekuvhiringidza uye ukuru hudiki hweimba yekare - inotanga kuvaka imba itsva. Mushure mechinguva, pane shanduro yemuridzi weimba manor, pane chimwe chinhu chingazonzi chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakanakisisa zvemavhesi ezana remakore rechi19. Mune basa iri rekugadzirwa kwemifananidzo raiva mufananidzo wehupenyu hwevamiriri vevakuru. Muna 1844 Baratynsky akaenda kuItaly. Kubva munyika ino yezuva, anogara achitumira hama tariro uye inofadza. Zvisingatarisirwi kune vose zvaiva kufa kwake kamwe kamwe. Dzisiwa Muranovo. Manor makore matanhatu gare gare inopfuura kune mumwe mugari wenhaka - Nikolai Vasilievich Putyata. Uyu munhu wekusika akatarisira zvakasara zvehama uye akachengetedza zvose zveimba yacho.

Chimiro chinokosha

Uyu mushandi mutsva Muranovo akaisa pano rudzi rwema saloni. Vanhu vakaungana pano vakaitisa hurukuro dzehurukuro, verenga mabhuku uye nenyaya. Vose zvavo vakabatana nekunamata kwekunamata. Nguva pamisangano yepati yakakurumidza, isingaoneki uye yakafara. Sezvo vakaparadzaniswa kuva mapoka, vatenzi vaiita hurukuro nenzvimbo yemoto, vakatamba makadhi, vachitamba mimhanzi, vakazadzwa maawa ega ega nemavhesi uye mifananidzo, uye vaifarira zvidhori zvemafashoni. Mumazuva iwayo zvakanga zvakaoma kuwana kamwe muimba yekurarama, uko kwakanga kusina piano. Nokuda kwehutano hweBaratynsky hupenyu hunokosha, vateereri uye saloni, iyo yakarongeka muMuranovo. Manor (nzira yekuenda kumunda, ichataurirwa mberi) yakashaniswa nemunhu anozivikanwa pakusika. Kunyanya, pakanga pana NV Gogol, VF Odoevsky, ST Aksakov, AN Maikov, Ya.P. Polonsky. Akashamwaridzana aiva muridzi weimba naFI Tyutchev, ane mwanakomana muna 1869 akaroora mwanasikana waPutyata. Fyodor Ivanovich, uyo akadzidza pamusoro peizvi, achanyora kunyorera kumuroora wake kuti ushamwari hwemakore makumi maviri hurefu hunogona kusimbiswa nekutsveneswa chete nehutano uyu. Munyori wenhema pachake, uyo akaramba achienda Muranovo, akafa muTsarskoe Selo pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19. Uye nhaka ye "Muranovsky" mutsa yakazadzirwa nemabhuku, mabhuku nezvimwe zvehuyu munhu anoshamisa.

The Museum

Manor yaTyutchev Muranovo iri mufomu yayo yepakutanga nhasi. Kusvikira ikozvino, midziyo yemakamuri eBaratynsky neTyttchev yasvika. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogara munzvimbo idzodzo dzavakamira kwemakumi emakore akawanda. Vakuru veEvgeny Abramovich vanosiyaniswa nedhesiki, iyo yaimbove yakagadzirwa nevasters masters vane ruzivo. Yakanga iri shure kwake iyo yekupedzisira kuunganidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvake zvakanyorwa. Imwe, faira yepapepa, zviduku zvitsvene zvinowanikwa pavakange vari kune tenzi weimba, uye sekunge vakamirira, paakazovabata zvakare.

Maktaba - muyero wekunyaradza uye kunyarara

Ndinotenda kuvhenekeri yekare mahogany, mushure megirazi magonhi ayo midzi yegoridhe yemabhuku inopenya, imba yacho inova nemuvara wakanaka uye wakajeka. Vanyori vemabhuku aya vaiva shamwari nevaeni ve Muranovo. Imba iyo, iyo nhete yayo: Musha weMoscow, chikwata chePushkin, Ashukino kugara, sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, chaiva nevanhu vazhinji vakakurumbira. NV Gogol naT. Aksakov vanoda raibhurari zvikuru uye vakapedza nguva yakawanda mairi. Asi Baratynsky naPushkin vaiva shamwari dzakasimba uye vaigara vachingosangana muMoscow. Mushure mokuverenga munyori wetsani "Boris Godunov" pachedu, Yevgeny Abramovich akayemura zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvebasa iri. Muraibhurari iyiwo mabhuku aive aTytchev panguva iyoyo. Turgenev anonzi ndiye piyona wezvinorehwa nebasa iri. Uye Tolstoy akanyora kuti aifadzwa nehukuru hwetarenda yake.

Nechomukati cheraibhurari

Kuva muimba ino, vashanyi vose vane chokwadi chekuteerera iyo parquet. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti pasi rechitema oak uye pine rinogadzirwa nenzira iyo kunaka kunoshamisa kwemuti kwakapona kusvikira nhasi. Izvo zvakadanwa zvakagadzirwa, zvakagadzirirwa, zvakakwanisa kuchengetedza zvitsva zvepakutanga uye ruvara rwepanyama. Munzvimbo imwechete ibasa rekugadzirwa kwakasiyana, rakagadzirwa nema mahogany. Nhasi, zvinenge zvisingakwanisi kusangana nekuveza kwehutano. Iyi mahofisi ane bhandi rakasungirirwa uye mabhokisi akawanda akaoma ane mashomanana akavanzika akavanza nzvimbo.

Makamuri anozivikanwa

Two-storey Tyutchev Manor muMuranovo ine staircase inoshamisa, iyo ine mavara nemifananidzo yakaiswa pamadziro. Kusimudza masitepisi kusvika kuimba yepiri yeimba, vashanyi vanoenda kune imwe nyika, yakasiyana neyedu. Imakamuri pano munguva yehupenyu hwemunyori wechirangaridzo yaiitirwa vaeni. Zvechokwadi, kupfekedzwa kwavo kwakasiyana zvakasiyana nemakamuri akashongedzwa zvakanakisisa padhoro repiri. Icho hachina kutanga kupiswa moto, zvigadzirwa zvemapuranga nemakwenzi akanaka. Zvisinei, kubva mumakamuri aya kune manzwiro ekunyengera uye kunyaradza. Nenzira, paimba yechipiri yemunharaunda pane gogol. Sezvo zita racho rinoreva, rakagarwa kwechinguva nemunyori mukuru weRussia. Mumakamuri aya haisi midziyo yakawanda, sechikonzero chinogadzira manzwiro eimba yehafu isina chinhu. Panguva imwe chete, imba yacho yakanyarara kwazvo. Mukuwedzera, iri pano kuti mifananidzo yakawanda inonyanya kuiswa, pane imwe nzvimbo yemuziyamu-yaTyutchev Muranovo inoratidzwa. Muchikamu chakatarisana nemakamuri aGogol, hofisi yeMoscow yomukwambo uye kubatanidzwa kwekutanga wezvakanyorwa mazita Tyutchev, IS Aksakov, yakadzokororwa sezvakanyatsoita. Muna 1866, Ivan Sergeyevich akaroorwa nemwanasikana wemudetembi Anna Fedorovna. Nenzira, musati waroorana, imba yaTyutchev yakanga iri musikana wekukudzwa pamatare emambo. Gare gare akanyorera mhemberero dzinofadza pamusoro penguva iyo yehupenyu hwake - "Kumatare emadzimambo maviri". Kuumba "chidimbu" chehofisi yaAkakov, kunyatsoteerera kwakabhadharwa kukodzera kwegadziriro yefenicha. Nokudaro, hwindo rakaiswa pahwindo, mushure mokunge nyanzvi yezvinyorwa zvenyika yakasarudza kushanda kusimuka. Yeuka, muhondo yaTolstoy uye Rugare, Prince Bolkonsky akashanda patafura imwe chete.

Zvichitevedza zvezvakatipoteredza

Painoshanyira pasi repiri panguva yekuongorora makamuri makuru, inongotora mudzimu wemamiriro ezvinhu akadai anotonga pano. Chinhu chakakosha chinoitwa kune vashanyi vefambisi iri mumakamuri aya. Ndiko kumuzinda wake museum-estate Muranovo ane mararamiro akagara-kunze. Zvakakosha kutaura kuti mumamiriro eimba mumba maitiro akawanda anoenzanirana. Zvisinei, nguva ino inopa chete zest inokosha kune yese yeimba. Saka, zvimwe zvikamu zvakarongedzwa nezvivako zvakanyatsonaka, uye iyo firiji yakasiyana yakanyatsosvika pamadziro. Uyewo pane pasi repakati peimba yacho pane zvigadzirwa zvekushongedza, zvakashongedzwa nemagadzirirwo emarudzi anokosha ehuni. Iyi huni hwekuveza matanda yakasvika pakukwirira kwayo muhafu yepiri yezana remakore rechi18. Vamwe vatenzi vakashongedza fenisi necheti yemaruva emaruva uye maruva, asi vamwe vakashandisa maonero eguta. Uye mumwe munhu akasarudza kugovera kuzvinhu zvebasa ravo remuti wepasi uye maumbirwo emagetsi. Kazhinji, saizvozvo yakashongedzwa pamatafura emucheto. Uyu mutambo wekadhi waiva mukurumbira zvikuru mumazuva iwayo pakati pevakuru. Vamwe vamiriri vevakuru vakatenga mabheji akafanana akafanana kana kuti vakarayirwa kuti pave nekushandiswa.

Unhu hunhu hwemukati

Munguva yehupenyu hwaTyutchev, china yakashandiswa pakugadzira nzvimbo yacho. Inogona kuwanika muimba imwe neimwe pamashizha, kunyaradza kana kurongedzwa zvakanaka pamatafura. Muranovo Manor itsime rekuumba haisi yeRussia bedzi, asiwo yekutengeserana kwenyika. Mhuri yaFedor Ivanovich kwezana remakore rakashandisa Saxon chai chaiyo, iyo yakabudiswa muzana remakore rechiXVIII. Kana chimwe chinhu kubva pane zvakagadzirwa chakanga chavhuniwa, kopi yacho yakasikwa kurongeka. Mafekitari eRussia akaita zvigadzirwa zvepurazi mumitambo yevanhu vanoita zvemifananidzo. Kutenda huno huno, mabasa aya ane humwe hunozivikanwa. Makamuri emitambo ye manor anoitwa muhutano panguva iyoyo dzakanaka. Pano zvinoshandisika uye zvigaro zvinogara pamwe chete nekunaka uye kunaka. Tyutchev's estate inonyanya kunzwa kuti zvakanyanya sei munguva iyoyo yemaitiro yakapinda muhupenyu hwevanhu. Mushanyi wega weimba ino anokoshesa mvura mbiri yemvura yakagadzirwa naSimo Timofeev.

Muranovo (manor). Nzira yei kusvika kuimba?

Kutanga iwe unoda kutora chitima pachiteshi chezvitima che Yaroslavsky uende kuchipatara. Ashukinskaya. Zvadaro, unofanirwa kusvika kumusha mawo, apo nzvimbo ye Muranovo iripo. Nzira yekuenda sei kune imwe nzvimbo kubva kuchipatara? Iwe unofanirwa kutora bhazi 34 kana minibus.