Muponesi-Euphrosyne Polotsk munhukadzi wemamonk: kare, tsananguro

Muzana XII remakore, nguva kubudirira yavivshem monasticism yekare Polotsk nyika, chakavhenekera kuzomuroora mutsvene Euphrosyne. Chiripo yake yokugara, achipfuura refu emakore zvakaoma uye dzimwe nguva izere nyaya inoshamisa, akararama kusvika mazuva edu, kuva shongwe ugodnitse ichi Mwari, achinyengetera ikozvino tose pamberi pechigaro cheushe chaMwari.

Mwari-rudo muchindakadzi

Euphrosyne, akavamba yemamongi Polotsk, aibva mumhuri chekare kwomuchinda, uyo akatora kutanga Mubhabhatidzi pamusoro Rus, Prince Vladimir uye mudzimai wake vaizviita Rogneda. In rubhabhatidzo mutsvene, iye akabhabhatidzwa Predslava. Pashoko mangwanani kuverenga nokunyora, jaya Princess, tichidzivisa zvakajairika kuvana vose kunakidzwa uye mitambo, kupedza nguva vari kuverenga Matsvene uye kukurukura chipangamazano zvokunamata - the Rector kereke yeko, kazhinji mumba mababa vake.

Kushingaira kwakadaro akamutsa kuremekedzwa neshamwari, asi hapana aigona kufanoona kuti vechiduku Predslava ichatsaurwa vakazvimisira akaoma uye rine minzwa nzira monasticism, achimupa kutangira zvose miedzo upenyu hwenyika. Zvino saizvozvo.

Kutanga yemamongi basa

Kana musikana ava nemakore gumi nemaviri, iyo panguva iyoyo kwainzi yepamutemo zera kwaari ave nomukurumbira mupfumi uye akanaka mwenga vakatanga Woo zhinji kodzera kwazvo tsvimborume. Asi zvose vano sandarara kuramba. Achipindura ngozi baba akamukurira kuroorwa musikana kupa pachivande akamhanya mumba uye mune rimwe dzemamongi pedyo akatora yemamongi mhiko, akapiwa zita idzva - Euphrosyne.

Upenyu musande rinotitaurira kuti pakutanga yemamongi nzira aipedza nemabasa, rewriting tomes yekare, zvakachengetwa muraibhurari St. Sophia Cathedral muna Polotsk. The wokudhindisa akanga asati yagadzirwa, uye kutevedzera Magwaro Paterik nemamwe mabhuku pakunamata chakaita kuti chete nenzira iyi.

Murayiro pamusoro mutumwa waMwari

nokukurumidza, Ishe akadana asi yake pamusoro yakasiyana nzira. Euphrosyne akanga akatumira ngirozi kubva kudenga, uyo akataura kunzvimbo yake, apo pashure yemamongi Polotsk hwuchavapano. Kubvira ipapo akagara pedyo Church inoyera Muponesi panzvimbo inonzi Hamlet uye vakaparadzana pedyo maira nehafu kubva muguta. Pamwe chete naye kuti auye mumwe Chernitsa ane zita nhoroondo haana vakachengetedzwa. Zvino 1125.

Full wokuzvininipisa, kufanana sisita Euphrosyne vanoshumira Mwari nemimba uye akaramba akazvivanza, takapfigirwa kubva nyika, asi haana kuda Ishe rakajeka zvakadaro rambi kutenda akaramba pasi Achiputira. Nokukurumidza takatanga kuungana dzakaripoteredza uye kugadzirisa vamwe vasikana, unevestivshiesya Kristu.

The kuvakwa kwetemberi uye kusikwa yemamongi itsva

Nokufamba kwenguva, nokudaro zvichiita kuti pave nenzanga Polotsk wemamongi iyo yakaumbwa pashure, yava zvikuru vakawanda. Panyaya iyi, Reverend Abbess aida kuvaka pamusoro nzvimbo remuti uye panguva iyoyo yakava chechi chakasakara mutsva ibwe chechi.

bhizimisi yakadaro Mwari zvinofadza vakabatsirawo veko. Paiva vaipa yokuzvidira, uye muna Polotsk. pamabasa avo mari inodiwa dzakatorwa. Utungamiriri ose basa akatora pamusoro mapurani yomunzvimbo anonzi John. Kuburikidza minyengetero Mother Zvinzvimbo St. Euphrosyne akaratidza nyasha waShe ayo vavaki temberi itsva, uye mukati mwedzi minomwe akasimuka kudenga masvingo, domed, uye zvakanakisisa vemifananidzo kunge kupendwa Pamifananidzo zvavo zvinoshamisa.

Nokufamba kwenguva, Polotsk nunnery yakawedzera, akasimbisa, uye musoro temberi yakavakwa ikoko akazozivikanwa yokugara Muponesi. Muna 1155 iri Reverend Mother Zvinzvimbo inotangwa yemamongi pedyo mumwe, nguva ino murume, kuvaka chechi Mhandara Yakakomborerwa wokutanga. Izvi dzemamongi maviri Polotsk simbi yehombodo nzvimbo dzidzo kwechokwadi. Apo zvikoro izvi akazarurwa, kuraibhurari uye scriptorium - okudhindira Pen mumanyoro.

Rufu Holy Land

Muna 1173, mukati kutarisira ayo nokukurumidza kwaitika, Euphrosyne aida kubhadhara ruremekedzo wavo wokupedzisira kuna Jehovha - kuti outorwa Mutsvene nyika uye kunamata nzvimbo chokuita hwake panyika. Pamwe chete nehanzvadzi yake uye mukoma David Eupraxia muna January iye akasiya Polotsk uye pashure pemwedzi mina uchimhanya kuti chime nzira asvika Jerusarema, uko vakawana akafanira kunamata Mutsvene neguva. Zvino kwakanga Euphrosyne anenge makore makumi manomwe.

Rwakaoma nzira iri Holy Land harina vakapfuura pasina yekare mukadzi. Nokukurumidza iye akanga achirwara, akarwara, uye musi waMay 23 akapa mweya wake kuna Jehovha, uyo ave achishumira zvose hwake. Abbess Euphrosyne akavigwa, yakavakirwa nzvimbo yechizvarirwo Polotsk yemamongi muJerusarema, kumonasitiri St. Theodosius Guru. Gumi nemana pashure pacho rakanyonganiswa uye incorrupt ipfungwa sezvo mukuru kakasaririra yakaiswa Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra.

Tevera upenyu wemamongi

Mushure kuzorora dzvene abbot pakati wemamongi yakavakirwa nayo akaramba achikura uye abudirire, asi pamberi pavo kumirira achirwadziwa atsungirira nokuda Russian mugove wenyika iri XVI uye XVIII remakore. Men wemamonk rakaparadzwa uye nanhasi haina akachengetedzwa, asi Polotsk Muponesi uye St. Euphrosyne wakapfuura makore kuderera uye urombo, akakwanisa unoberekwazve mune XIX remakore.

Muna 1833, basa rakatanga pamusoro overhaul kwoMuponesi Temple, chaizvo dzakaderera panguva uye iye anogara mumakore achangopfuura yokuregeredza. It chakagadziriswa nezvimwe zvivako yemamongi, uye zvishoma kune rimwe divi, pamahombekombe erwizi pamatende chakavakwa itsva ukoti Exclusionary dzimba.

In yechipiri yezana XIX remakore ari munharaunda wemamongi kwaiva mamwe maviri mutemberi - vachikudza St. Euphrosyne pakati Polotsk uye Holy Cross Cathedral. Panguva wemamongi Euphrosyne akanga dzakabatanidzwa wemamongi uye vokutanga-mwero parakatanga kushanda munhukadzi zvechitendero, iyo yakasvika Parainge iri pakutanga XX remakore.

Nguva pfupi asati October Revolution of mumapako Kiev-Pechersk Lavra muna Polotsk vaiva kwazvo akatamisira zvisaririra muvambi wemamongi. Saka, pashure pemakore mazana manomwe kuti mwana akadzokera St. Euphrosyne. Polotsk wemamongi vakasangana pamitambo kurira pamusoro zvinorira mutemberi dzavo dzose.

Makore dzakaoma uye nhasi

Mumakore ari kuna Mwari hurumende wemamongi akaudzawo njodzi dzakawanda dzemamongi dzvene nyika yedu. He kakawanda kuvharwa, akabva tsika, kusanganisira zvisaririra ayo muvambi, uye kwakavakirwa zvaishandiswa mhuri zvinodiwa. Asi kwete chinhu kuti rugwaro rinoti uyo achatsungirira kusvikira kumagumo achaponeswa. Akararamazve uye Polotsk wemamongi.

Pakutanga perestroika, akanga adzokera vatendi, uye nokukurumidza, anopiwa yakafanira muchimiro mabasa vomuchechi mazhinji, iye akatangazve upenyu. Nhasi nemasisita pakati wemamongi muri hanzvadzi makumi manomwe. zuva ose mutemberi akabata mangwanani uye manheru mabasa. Ivo vakaita muna Holy Cross, Euphrosyne uye Chitarisiko makereke.

Minamato karenda Polotsk wemamongi yakasiyana purogiramu iyo yakaitika vanhuwo yeko makereke. On mevhiki, mangwanani mabasa kutange 5:45 am, Divine yokunamata pa 7:15 uye manheru basa - pa 16:45. Musi weSvondo uye voruzhinji mazororo anowedzerwa Papera yokunamata, akaita pa 9:30.