Munyori French Sharl Monteske: pfupi Biography

Sharl Monteske - French munyori, muzivi uye gweta, ane zita midzi munhoroondo paumbwe kwedzidziso paruzhinji-pamutemo. Akasvika pakuzivikanwa kuti dzidziso kupatsanurwa kwemasimba, kuti ivepo chikwereti muzivi wokuFrance. Zvisinei, nyaya hwake hakungogumiri chete pfungwa iyi.

udiki

The chete yakanga yaita nzira yayo Charles-Lui De Secondat, nani kuzivikanwa Sharl Monteske. Biography ake kunotangira mhuri Labred yemauto kwete kure Bordeaux, muna 1689. baba vake Jacques chaiva kwazvo, uye Charles muduku akarerwa yemhuri ezvinhu. About mai vake, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa, kunze kwokuti wake roora zvaisanganisira chambotaurwa nezvacho La Brad Castle, uye iye zvakasiyana hwakanyanya rezvitendero uye propensity kuti zvitendwa. Akafa paakanga ava nemakore 7 uye 3 pemakore baba vake vakamuendesa kuti kukoreji pa wemamongi Zhyuli yakavakirwa kwakarungwa kwounyanzvi. Pasinei yaiva chikoro chechitendero, iye akapiwa dzidzo. Zvaiva imomo kuti akadzidza uye mabhuku yekare akatanga kufarira uzivi, iyo raiwanzobatana zvose humwe upenyu hwake.

kudzidza mutemo

Montesquieu rombo rakanaka kuti akaberekwa ari Age of Kujekerwa, kana kwese hwakasimbiswa pakudzorwa kufunga uye chikonzero. Muna 1705 akadzokera achibva kukoreji kumba kwake, apo handingadariki zvose nguva yake vakatanga kupa kukura jurisprudence. Rakanga kumanikidzwa kunofanirawo pane chido chechokwadi, uye kodzero panguva kwainzi zvakaoma chaizvo kunzwisisa. Kudiwa kudzidza murairo zvinosiyana yokuti Sharl Monteske mune ramangwana aifanira kutora yeparamende post, izvo achaenda naye nhaka. Muna 1713, baba vake vakafa Charles, uye iye unorambira achitarisirwa sekuru vake.

Tsika Baron of Secondat

Panguva upenyu wababamudiki vake chaizvo kuti kuroora muzukuru wake. sarudzo yake yakanga Unokudzwa Zhanne Lartig. sarudzo iyi yakavakirwa kwete rudo uye kwete pamusoro zvokunze mashoko vasikana, asi chete pamusoro kukura kwake roora. Marriage akavimbisa matambudziko shoma chokuita nenyaya dzechitendero, asi vakakwanisa kuwana kumativi kuonga wepamutemo dzidzo naCharles. Muna 1715 muchato. Kwapera gore, sekuru wangu akafa, uye pashure porufu rwake jaya iri nhaka anoenda musoro Baron. Kubva ikozvino pairi - Monteske Sharl Lui De Secondat. Uyezve, kune zvake kutendeutsa mhanza guru, uye pambiru sachigaro Parliament Bordeaux. Vakawanda akashanda ikoko somutariri mutongi, zvaakanga atova chiitiko, sezvo waakanga ashanda ive mubatsiri uye aiva mutevedzeri womutungamiriri mudare guta.

basa rekuita

Sharl Monteske haana zvechokwadi kwazvo kurudyi, asi mumakore gumi mutoro yokusvika mabasa avo reParamende. Muna 1726 iye anotengesa nzvimbo yake sezvo panguva iyoyo aiva nevakawanda, uye takatamira Paris. Pasinei chokwadi kuti basa iri rakanga risiri muupenyu kudana Montesquieu, akagamuchira kunokosha ruzivo kuti zvichava kukosha kwaari hwokunyora mabasa ramangwana. Saka, pashure Kutama anotanga rake rinoita mabhuku basa. Akabudisa dzakawanda mapepa uye essays nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana. Iye chavawo nhengo enyika kirabhu "Mezzanine", iro achishingaira akakurukura nhau nyika, zviitiko zvezuva nezuva uye basa vechikamu. Around iyoyowo apinda French Academy, uye zvakafanana pamwe mberi kunyora.

mabasa Major

Mumakore ake upenyu hwake chizvarwa Bordeaux Sharl Monteske akanyora akawanda essays uye zvinyorwa pamusoro sayenzi yepanyama. Pakati pavo vane zvakadai se "On zvinokonzera kuti ungira," "On kugadzwa renal mumasero", "On nemafungu." Zvakabatsira kwaari Nhengo Academy of Bordeaux, apo akapedza vazhinji kuedza. Natural - ichi ndeimwe vaimutswa kufarirwa munyori, asi mabasa ake anokosha ichiri hanya hurumende, mutemo uye zvematongerwo enyika. Muna 1721, muchiedza unobuda yokufungidzira yake inonzi "Tsamba Persian", iro pakarepo hunokonzera dutu guru kukurukurwa. Zvinosuruvarisa, akanga akarambidzwa, asi ndiko chete kubatsira kubudirira kwayo, nokuti munyori vakauya kwazvo mifananidzo munzanga panguva iyoyo.

Asi kiyi mabasa ari Bibliographie ake, izvo zvichida wose akanzwa, aiva bhuku "Mweya Mitemo". Basa pariri Zvakatora makore akawanda, ayo Charles yave akafamba zvinenge yose Europe, kudzidza zvematongerwo enyika, tsika, tsika uye kodzero Germany, England, Italy uye Holland. In neimwe nyika, akaunganidza chaizvo kunzwa mashoko richava rinokosha kwaari kunyora huru bhuku roupenyu. Muna 1731 nayo anoenda kupera, uye Montesquieu kumusha kwake, uko makore ose nekutambira apedza basa rakaoma uye zvichiratidza pamusoro mavhoriyamu maviri "Mweya Mitemo", icho rakadhindwa muna 1748.

Uzivi uye chikuru pfungwa

Pfungwa dzinotaurwa mubhuku "Mweya Mitemo," zvava zvikuru kukosha kukura mamiriro, kwete chete France asiwo yose nyika. Iye anotaura kuti weboka simba kupinda 3 matavi: Executive, zvemitemo uye zvaakatonga. Akatiwo imwe batanidzo kungaita kuti mutemo, uye muenzaniso uyu zvinofanira kuvapo munyika dzose, zvisinei kwavo chehurumende. Shoko rokuti "dzidziso kupatsanurwa kwemasimba" yakatanga kutaurwa nokududzirwawo basa rake Sharl Monteske. Muzivi uye anofunga Dzhon Lokk iri munyaya kukura chikuru zvokudya dzidziso iyi, zvisinei yakanatswa uye vakakwana waiva munyori wokuFrance.

Chimwe chikuru yemisoro mubasa rake kuti kurondedzera mitemo upenyu uye vanhu neimwe. Anoti zvakawanda pamusoro ukama netsika, tsika uye chitendero pamwe mitemo, izvo kwese kuti mamwe hurumende. In izvi zvakandibatsira zvikuru zivo kuti awana mumakore rwacho. Naizvozvo, vazhinji pfungwa zviri basa "Mweya Mitemo," vava chinokosha US Constitution nezvimwe akakodzera pamutemo mabasa.

upenyu Personal uye rufu

Zvakaoma kupindura mubvunzo chii aiva munhu Sharl Monteske. Brief Biography, asi, anoratidza mupiro wayo munhoroondo pfungwa enyika uye zviri pamutemo, asi unhu husina akanyarara. Zvinozivikanwa kuti akanga asiri murume akatendeka, asi mukadzi wake noruremekedzo. Aiva amai nevasikana vaviri akanaka uye mukomana, uyo Charles, zvirokwazvo, achida. Anenge zvose hwake vakazvipira nesainzi, kuverenga uye kufunga. Akashanda vakawanda muraibhurari, vakaberekerwa mabasa ake makuru.

Zvinonzi aiva reserved murume, anenge dzose vakasununguka nguva yaaipedza oga, uye akazarura chete kuvhara shamwari. In chiedza akasvika kashoma, kazhinji zviri Salons, apo pasina munhu akataura, asi chete vakatarira vanhu vakaungana ipapo. Muna 1754, Montesquieu akaenda Paris kuti vabatsire yepamutemo shamwari yake, Purofesa La Bommel. Ikoko ndabatwa nemabayo uye akafa musi February 10, 1755. Zvisinei, mabasa ake dzichiri sechinhu kanosvota uye ave noupenyu husingaperi.