Midhudhudhu Soviet. Midhudhudhu USSR (mifananidzo)

History mudzimba kuti mudhudhudhu ibasa uye vakagwinya chinhu venyika haisi bikes. Izhevsk, Kiev, Minsk uye Kovrovsky miti inogona ndazvirumbidza yakakurumbira kukunda uye inovava kukundwa. Pakupedzisira, kugadzirwa yose yeSoviet "mabhiza simbi" dzakaguma muna yokukanganwa zvakakwana.

The tanga nyaya (zviviri uye-mavhiri matatu) vakauyiswa kuna Russia mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19. Zviri pachena kuti zvakanga muenzaniso dzimwe mugadziri. Domestic dzechembere yakaonekwa pamwe pakutanga 1st World War. Zvinowanikwa muMoscow fekitari "nashe", pamwechete bhasikoro zvitoro muna Riga chirimwa yakabereka yokutanga chiedza midhudhudhu USSR. Vazhinji nezvokuzadziswa boka Swiss kutenga kubva "Motorov". Nokuti 5 years, "nashe" akabudisa dzinokwana midhudhudhu 500. Misa kurimwa haana atanga. Izvi kudziviswa nehondo, uyewo pakutanga chimurenga.

Nokukurumidza midhudhudhu Soviet awana mukana wechipiri pa upenyu. Izvi zvakaitika makore 1920s pashure hondo uye hombe kusagadzikana. Moscow mainjiniya inotungamirwa P. Lvov akaedza ndiponesezve epamba motoprom. Model inonzi "Union" dzashanduka kunze kwazvo, asi vakawanda kurimwa haana aenda.

Serial gungano nguva

Muna 1928, ivo Izhevsk chirimwa hwagadzwa Design Bureau, iyo mauto ose dzakagadzirirwa motostroyeniya. Bureau mukuru injiniya akava Mozharov. Iye nevamwe vake zvakagadzirirwa uye vaedzwa 5 midhudhudhu "IL." Mumwe nomumwe wavo aiva mana-sitiroko maviri-humburumbira injini ine misha ine 1200 cubic masendimita. Mushure yakadaro inobudirira chirongwa, kambani akanga kurongwazve muna Izhevsk mudhudhudhu mufekitari. Akakurumidza mutungamiri indasitiri.

midhudhudhu Soviet, mapikicha iyo inogona kuonekwa munyaya akasika nemassovoy. Kunyange zvakadaro, nokuti nguva yaiva mberi chaiyo mumunda okuwana bikes. Kunyanya pokugadzwa mudhudhudhu "L-300".

"L-300" muenzaniso

Pakutanga rakavakwa nyanzvi Izhevsk fekitari, asi vakawanda kurimwa hwakagadzwa panguva Leningrad fekitari "Red October". Bhasikoro "L-300" zvakagadzirwa kubvira 1931 kusvika 1938 uye kwainzi kwazvo nyore womuenzaniso vagari. Chokwadi, yaiva kure akakwana, asi haana kwavatadzisa iye kukwikwidzana kupinza midhudhudhu dzakasiyana michinjikwa. Vatasvi pamusoro "L-300" akunda kazhinji.

On mudhudhudhu aiva maviri-sitiroko chete-humburumbira injini Vhoriyamu cubic masendimita 300. Asi tichiregeredza 6 horsepower kugona mhanyisa zvinongotadzisa 75 makiromita paawa. Roller ngetani vakatakura gwenya hutachiwana, vaiva varombo yepamusoro uye nguva akatambanudza kana kubvaruka. Kuchinjwa ufambe manually. Peturu kunwa zvasvika zvinenge kusvika 5 litres.

Nokukurumidza kurimwa akavhunduka kudzokera Izhevsk, uko muenzaniso "L-300" yakatanga kubudiswa pasi zita idzva "IL-7".

midhudhudhu Soviet pashure peHondo Yenyika II

Pashure pokukunda revarwi bikes edu kugadzirwa akatamira itsva Danho okukura. Yakanga, uye akatanga vakawanda kweShanduro "mabhiza simbi". Kuwedzera achishingaira yakabereka kupembedza pagondobwe midhudhudhu Soviet. Release kuita zvakafanana zvirimwa vaibata pamberi hondo. Utungamiriri nyika yedu yakasarudza kushandisa zvakaitika Wehrmacht, kushandisa bikes muzvikamu zvechiuto. Kubudirira ichi mhinduro rave vaudzewo ruzivo pakuvhiya zvechiuto.

Panguva basa muGermany zvakanga akabatwa akawanda guru mudhudhudhu vagadziri. Pakati pavo kwakanga «DKW», iri Zschopau. Zvakanga rimwe remasangano munyika. All hwokugadzira mapepa uye midziyo aitumirwa Soviet Union uri zvachose pamutemo. Yakanga yokugadzirisa kuti Kumukundi ari kuparadzwa pakati Third Reich.

Soviet vakawanda Kugadzirwa midhudhudhu rakavambwa kwete netsaona. Saka simba kuisa basa nyanzvi zvakasiyana siyana kudzivirira makambani kuti emauto akadzingwa mabasa pashure pehondo.

Inzvimbo post-hondo kukura mudzimba simbi bikes maoko mafekitari "Izhmash" uye Kovrov chirimwa. Chokutanga iwe kuti gwaro German mudhudhudhu «DKW Nzmold 350" akaitumidza "IL-350". Carpet chigaro Serial Kugadzirwa makopi «German DKW RT 125".

Emakore anoverengeka pashure pehondo kwainzi ari "yendarama nguva" mudzimba motoproma. Mune 50s ari rechi20 mafekitari remakore achishingaira ndokutsika Scooters uye mopeds. Sezvo kumhanya mazuvaano ari mudzimba vagadziri kure kupfuura vorongerwa vatorwa avo.

Recent emakore motoproma

Pakati pa1970 na1990 akanga zvose zvikuru kubudirira uye zvakaipa zvikuru nguva munhau mumhuri motoproma. Panguva iyoyo kukwira pamwe chakavimbika kupfuura muenzaniso Soviet 'IZH planet-4 ", wokutanga mudhudhudhu nemvura-dzaserera" IZH Jupiter-5 ", yakanakisisa bhasikoro Tuning" Dnepr MT-11 "uye vamwe vakawanda. Uyewo, vazhinji vaigona kurarama kupupurira wokugadzira Chopper ( "IL Junker").

midhudhudhu Soviet akatanga kuzviita vanhu. Muchiitiko chino, tikafunga kwete chete dzichipfekeka unhu, asiwo zvido vagari pamusoro chitarisiko muenzaniso. Zvakanaka, asi chiitiko kuyevedza munyika zvezvipfuwo motoproma aiva kuonekwa bhasikoro somunhu ...

The kunozivikanwa "Java"

Chokwadi, mamakisi ichi haangavi 100% rakava vari muchikwata che "midhudhudhu eSoviet." Ivo anobudiswa muCzechoslovakia. Asi chikuru anotenga aiva Soviet Union. The yakakurumbira muenzaniso aiva "Jawa 350 638," izvo vakarumbidza kutungamirira muimbi "Gaza." Sezvineiwo, wechipiri zvikuru nevanhu yaiva mudhudhudhu yeSoviet "Minsk".

The bhasikoro muchiso "Java" skated zvose Soviet Rockers 80-90s. On muenzaniso "Java 350.638" aiva maviri-humburumbira injini Vhoriyamu 343 cubic masendimita uye inokwana 26 horsepower. Izvi zvaiita kuti vapararire kuti bhasikoro kusvika makiromita 120 paawa. Akapiwa chokwadi ichi uye pasi makore varidzi, zviri nyore kufungidzira pamusoro soro nhamba tsaona. Vanhu vanonzi varidzi "Java" uye kuzviuraya havana chokwadi chaizvo pamusoro bikes pefiyumu ichi.

mhedziso

The Soviet Union yakaguma kubudisa midhudhudhu pakaparara Soviet Union uye kutyora zvoupfumi ukama. A basa izvi reDare hyperinflation uye kwakapararira impoverishment vemo. Asi, pasinei ichi, vanhu vaigara iyoyo, pamwe kuyeuka mudzimba nyaya. Vamwe patriots vachiri pakudzinga mumigwagwa Russian ari kudzorerwa midhudhudhu Soviet.