Mhando dze computer memory

Mhando dzakawanda dzekuyeuka dzichadziviswa mumakombiyuta. Kune mano akange ane zivo yenguva pfupi, zvimwe zvinogona kurongwa, uye chechitatu, mashoko anogona kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba. Kuti uchengetedzwe zvachose kwehuwandu hwemashoko, unogona kushandisa madhiki akaoma uye optical disks yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Izvozvi zvigadzirwa zvekunze zvinowedzerwa ne memory memory iyo inowanikwa mubhobhobhoyo.

Kune marudzi akadaro emakombiyuta memori: ROM, RAM, hard disk, optical disks uye zvinotyisa zvinotakura.

Semuenzaniso weimwe yemhando dzeROM-kuverenga-chete chiyeuchidzo, unogona kutaura BIOS. Rudzi urwu rwakavakwa mubhobhobhodhi uye rinoshandiswa pakutanga kwekombiyuta. Ichi chiyeuchidzo chine sarudzo yezvinonyanya kukosha software, iyo inogadzira kutanga kwekubatana pakati pezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kuiswa uye kubuda kwemashoko. Bios inogadzira bhiriji pakati pe microprocessor uye yakaoma dhirairi, ine inoshandiswa yekombiyuta. Izvi zvinonzi Boot.

ROM - idzi ndezvipi zvemakombiyuta inoyeuchidza zvakasiyana zvikuru nedzimwe dzose, sezvazvinenge zvakarongedzwa kuti zvive nyore kusvika kwavari. Icho chinoshandiswa chete chekuchengetedza deta. Mukuonekwa kwaro, ROM isati yakabatanidzwa, iyo inowanzosashandurwa. Kusiyana pakati pemhando iyi uye vamwe ndeyokuti inofanirwa kuva nehupamhi hwekuwana, uye kuverenga kwayo kunofanira kunge kusina zvishoma, haina mitezo inofambisa, saka mabasa akadaro akazoita. Maonero aya akasiyanawo mune kuti mashoko aya akachengetwa mairi uye panguva iyo kombiyuta yakadzimwa zvachose.

RAM i-high-memory memory device inoshandiswa kuchengeta ruzivo apo kombiyuta iri kushanda. Mune fomu iyi, kuchengetwa kwemashoko kunogoneka chete apo kombiyuta inotenderera uye inoshanda. Iyo yekombiyuta yekuyeuka inowanzopiwa ne modules, iyo inogona kubviswa kana kuchinjwa kana ichidiwa. Chinangwa chechimiro ichi ndechekuchengetedza nhamba yepakati yakawanikwa panguva yekushanda kwe microprocessor. Nguva yekuwana iyi data inofanira kunge isingadari, saka, zvimwe zvido zvinowanikwa pa RAM modules.

Kunewo mhando dzekombiyuta yepamusoro inokubvumira kuchengeta mashoko kwenguva refu. Semuenzaniso, dhayi disk chigadzirwa chakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza nekusingaperi ruzivo uye data isina kubviswa kana kombiyuta ichidzimwa. Kazhinji, inoshandiswa system uye iyo inoshandiswa purogiramu yepurogiramu inowanikwa pane disk hard . Iko disk dambudziko rakabatanidzwa nebhokisi rebhokisi uye iri kunze kwekuchengetedza chipangizo.

Mhando dzekombiyuta memori uye kushamwaridzana kwavo

Dzimwe nguva pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo iwe unoona mharidzo pane chekuita: "Zvishoma zvishoma zvekuyeuka". Muchiitiko ichi, unofanirwa kuziva kuti kombiyuta panguva yekushanda inoshandisa kwete chete yekushanda, asiwo yekuyeuka kwekombiyuta, saka kana pane kusava kwe RAM, iyo inoreva kurema kwekuyeuka, ukuru hwayo hunoenderana nekugadzirisa kombiyuta. Mushandisi anogona kuzvimirira achiwedzera mukana uyu, izvo zvichaita kuti basa rive nyore. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kupinda maitiro ehurongwa uye uwane "Chiitiko" chinhu, paunoita kuchinja kwakakodzera. Unofanira kusarudza diski ine swap file uye uwandu hwefaira pachayo.

Chimwe chinonyanya kukosha ndeyekuchengetedzwa kwekombiyuta yekombiyuta, iyo inoshanda semhando yezvinyorwa zvinopatsanurana ruzivo pakati pepurogiramu uye RAM. Iyi ndiyo yekuyeuka ndeyokukurumidza, iyo inofanirwa kuve nekugadzirisa kushanda kusinganzwisisiki kwekombiyuta. Nenzira, chiyero chekuyeuka kwakadaro kunokera mukati me128 kusvika ku12 kilobytes.