Mashoko kubva Sachigaro Mao Tse-tung. "Quotations": a Chinese shanduro kupinda Russian

Mao Tszedun - chimwe chezvinhu utsinye vatongi, kwete chete China, asi pose. Ndosaka chinowanzoonekwa kupfeka ndima pamwe Stalin. Kuwedzera kuomerera Marxist-Leninist dzidziso, vane zvakafanana iri kusimba vanachandagwinyira kudzora nyika. Mukutonga kwake, China yave vakachinja zvachose kupinda mugovanisi mamiriro, uye kuchinja kwakanga kure nyarara. Marxist dzematongerwe yaakabata zvikuru creatively, izvo zvakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti Chinese shanduro payo pakuzivikanwa se Maoism. Mashoko kubva Sachigaro Mao Tse-tung, rakabudiswa mubhuku muchimiro muupenyu hwake, anopa mufananidzo rakazara unhu mutongi uye maonero ake pamusoro rechiKomonisiti nzira kuronga kwehurumende.

kutanga enzira

Mao Tszedun akaberekwa mumhuri murimi rakabudirira 1893. Classical Chinese dzidzo yaakawana kuchikoro. Akabva akashanda muuto panguva yaifamba 1911, uye ipapo ndanyoresa ari mudzidzisi kudzidzisa kukoreji. Muna 1918, Mao akasika nzanga "itsva vanhu." Chinangwa chake chaiva kuwana nzira rokuchinja China. Panguva ino remangwana pamusoro Helmsman Great vakajairana Marxist-Leninist dzematongerwe, vakatsunga njodzi Mao Zedong yose nyika.

Nemhaka chacho vanoshingaira basa Mao Tszedun riri kukurumidza pakuva enyika simba nhamba. Muna 1921 akava mukuru nhumwa the Chinese Communist Party, uye muna 1923 yakabatana nationalist Kuomintang bato. Nesangano iri yose nzira kwayo asati auya nesimba Mao akasungwa panzvimbo dzinopesana nemafungiro: anenge pakarepo akanga ane enyika kusiyana nomutungamiriri wayo Chan Kay-shek, Mao Tszedun uye nokukurumidza akatsemura kubva KMT, vakanamatira kure kuruboshwe mukati CCP. Zvisinei, Japan nechisimba China muna 1936 vakasundira anorwisana mapato panguva kusvika mazwi.

Simuka nesimba

Munguva yehondo pamwe Japan Mao Tszedun zvikuru pfungwa unobhadharwa kwokungosimbisa zvavo nzvimbo enyika pakati miduku yokuruwa. Aishingaira akatungamirira chirongwa purges, akanyora nyaya umo chinorondedzerwa dzidziso yacho Chinese shanduro komiyunizimu pamusoro miduku yokuruwa, kwete mumaguta vaienda kumabasa. With kuguma hondo yamira uye chibvumirano pamwe Kuomintang. Kusanzwisisana chisimba pakati mapato kwakaguma hondo reropa vehurumende, izvo yakaguma kukundwa of Kuomintang, akatizira Taiwan uye kuziviswa muna 1949 pakati China.

Mao Tszedun (China): The Way Mufaro kuna akapfumbira mugwagwa of USSR

United States, vakatsigira Chan Kay-shek vakaramba kubvuma zvokuvhoterwa mutsva Mao Zedong, mukusiyana kuti Soviet Union. Pakati penyika mbiri yakasainwa muna 1950 chibvumirano kubatsirwa nokuwirirana ushamwari. Kuchenesa, collectivization, zano-gore mashanu, "kubata kwokubata" - zvose zvakanga yo nguva paitonga Stalin udzvanyiriri muSoviet Union, uye zvino akashanyira China. Mao Tszedun pashure Stalin afa vakava simba zvikuru mutungamiri mukomiyunisiti munyika, nenzira yose kukurudzira zvakawanda kukura kunamatwa unhu hwake. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi zvakava pachena kuti mutemo kumanikidzwa "Great Svetukai Forward" haapi zvaioneka nemigumisiro. Rawa zvikuru padanho upenyu miduku yokuruwa, ikawanda mitengo, kugadzirwa mavhoriyamu akaramba. nzara munyika.

The nemagariro chimurenga

Mumakore 60, China ave achishingaira vakatanga kutambudzwa vaitsoropodza. Maererano chiratidzo akapotsera dongo zano imwe nyaya Yao Venyunya "The itsva shanduro enhoroondo mutambo" kudzingwa pamusoro Hai Jui. "Chinese wenhoroondo kuti Ghanem akapomerwa Anti-gutsaruzhinji uye vakatsoropodza enyika nzira mubato. Zvino akatanga akatevedzana reropa udzvanyiriri. Mao Vanotsigira kunge aivimba chaizvo yakadaro zvinangwa vateereri - wechiduku saibva, iro Red Guard mapoka dzakaumbwa zviuru zvevanhu zvakaurayiwa somugumisiro we "chimurenga hwetsika", mazana ezviuru muBenin, kunyange zvakawanda akamhanya zvizhinji .. E vakamanikidzwa kuzviuraya uye paiva panguva iyi kunouya akakurumbira "Quotations." - bhuku umo Mao Tszedun anoratidza zvizere maonero ake pamusoro pehurumende kutarisira, uye zvakawanda.

New Bible vaKomonisiti

Collection kutaura anokosha nokuda Mao Zedong akasunungurwa nehurumende muna 1966. kuparadzirwa kwayo kwaiva kukuru kwazvo zvokuti kunogona chete kuva kuenzaniswa riparadzirwe mabhuku matsvene - neKorani, Bhaibheri kana Torah. Chaizvoizvo, kunamata bhuku rino zvinenge zvitendero haisi chete nomufaro, asiwo akapa pfungwa yokuti vatsigiri Mao. Shanduro yokutanga kubva Chinese kusvika mashoko Russian pamusoro Sachigaro Mao Zedong chakaitwa muna 1967. Rine zvikamu zvemashoko nyaya uye kutaura pamusoro Helmsman Great. Mugore Western shanduro basa rino yakati Zvinoshamisa kunzi "Little Red Book" sezvazvakaita rinonyanya muhomwe Magazini - saka unogona nguva dzose kutakurwa neni. Translation kubva Chinese kuna Russian yakarira zvikuru zvakadzama: "muThe Quotations kubva Sachigaro Mao Zedong." Bhuku rakashandurirwa kunyange Esperanto.

Mashoko kubva Sachigaro Mao Tse-tung - vazhinji

Kuongorora muunganidzwa chinokosha ichi vakaronga makirabhu, chinoenda kunyange panguva kushanda maawa. Zvaidavirwa kuti pashure basa kwakadaro mushandi zvichava zvikuru inobudirira kutsungirira mabasa avo. At danho ose yakaturikwa mapepa pamwe mufananidzo vanhu vakabata maoko ari "Quotations". The anoperekedza kuverenga bhuku rino leitmotif akanzwa mashoko maviri - kudzidza uye kushandisa. Rakanga rakarumbidzwa kudzidza zvinhu mashoko nomusoro. The mumapepanhau vaifanira kusanganisira kugara sokutaura Mao Zedong, pamwe govera navo vakashinga, kuti hapana aisava nechokwadi kuti rakanyorwa yavo.

Zvikuru unoshamisa mashoko

Zvikurukuru, mashoko Mao Zedong kuti sei nyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika hondo pakati gutsaruzhinji uye capitalism. The chikuru mupikisi rusununguko vanhu akasarangarira US wokudzora. Achihudana papepa ingwe, Mao akadana vanhu munyika vabatane mukurwa naye. Kuziva pfungwa yake pamusoro hondo yenyika rechitatu. Iye zvakajeka rinojekesa, kuti pasinei mhosva zvinoita yatanga mumwe kunetsana nyika, Pazvinoitika, zvichaita chete vanobatsirwa. Kutaura zvazviri, pashure pokunge Soviet Union rine vanhu mamiriyoni 200 vanhu World Rokutanga aberekwa, pashure rechipiri - yose mugovanisi musasa, uye ichi ndicho mamiriyoni 900. Mushure wechitatu, aitarisira, aizouya gutsaruzhinji zvavo panyika.

Uyewo ari "Quotations" rinogona kuwanikwa uye mashoko ane mamwemazwi hunhu, kunyange zvazvo mugove wavo iduku zvikuru pane kurwisa wokudzora. Somuenzaniso, kwakadaro pfungwa kwouzivi: "Ndizvo kumboadya, pane" - mumwe Rehash yaiva yakakurumbira aphorism pakati Descartes. Kana anoratidzwa maonero kuti mutemo - iri hondo pasina ropa, apo hondo - zvematongerwe neropa.
Kazhinji, mashoko Mao Zedong kuti kupiwa "duku bhuku mutsvuku" ari, kupa mufananidzo nokururamisira kwakakwana chii aiva munhu helmsman mukuru. No kuzarurirwa inokosha hauzovawani izvozvo, asi zvichida kubva kare maonero kwavari zvichava zvichifadza kuverenga.