Maira muRisia - iri svyatitelstva Nikolaya Chudotvortsa

Worlds - guta rekare kuti zvakakodzera ngaavongwe Bishop Nicholas, uyo akazova mutsvene uye wezvishamiso. vanhu vashoma havana wakanzwa mutsvene zvikuru. Nhasi, vakasvika pano kuzonamata kutemberi, kwaakanga kamwe vakashanda, uye famba nzira apo tsoka dzake-tsika. Christian chikuru ichi aiva nokutenda zamu, nomurudo rwechokwadi uye kushingairira Mwari. Miracle Worker - saka rinonzi, nekuti zvakaoma zvinogoneka nhamba zvishamiso chokuita nezita St. Nicholas ...

guta rinokudzwa

Hazvizivikanwi kana Maira muRisia wakaumba, asi maererano vamwe zvawanyora Chronicle mabhuku anogona kutarisirwa kutaura kuti izvi ndizvo remakore rechishanu. Nhasi, kuburikidza guta rwakagadzirira mumwe mugwagwa mutsva Kasha - Fenike. In Calais nharaunda pa 25 km uye mari guta rinokudzwa. Anozivikanwa nevazhinji zviitiko, mumwe wavo - ndiwo musangano St. Paul nevateveri vake, apo achienda kuRoma. Maiva muna '60, mumazuva chiKristu vepakutanga.

Muzana II remakore BC. e. guta rakava diocesan muzinda. Mugore 300 BC. e. Akava Bishop pamusoro Maira Nicholas, akaberekerwa KuPatara, apo akashanda kusvikira parufu rwake muna 325. Pakafa Bishop Nicholas Maira akakurumidza azivikanwa somusande, nekuti Mwari akudzwa ake zvinoshamisa chitarisiko patemberi. Zvino guta rava nzvimbo outorwa vatendi.

Kunamatwa zvinoera uye zvinotyisa

Kereke anonzi pashure St. Nicholas, guva kazhinji kufira tungamidzana. Izvi imhaka yokuti Mapilgrim kunamata zvinoera, ita chishuvo kwenguva yakareba. Kunyange, maererano netsika Orthodox, hazvina zvakakodzera kumira kwemaminitsi anoverengeka patemberi, kunonoka vamwe zvakakwana kunamata zvisaririra mutsvene uye mupfungwa kukumbira kureverera uye rubatsiro.

Chido hakufaniri udyire uye vaingofunga, uye makuru, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kuti muKristu - ndiyo ruponeso rwemweya. zvikumbiro zvose zvinogona kuitwa mumunyengetero mumba, uye patemberi pamwe zvisaririra musande kukumbira kwete kukanganwa kuti zvakataurwa mumunyengetero pakavanda.

The guta runobwinya Maira muRisia ane zvinokwezva zvakawanda. It chikamu Mibatanidzwa muRisia yekare. Zvayaiva pedyo negungwa. Maererano nengano, chiteshi Andraca rwizi rinonzi Andriake, yakawira pamhenderekedzo Pauro asati vaienda kuRoma. Nepariri, guta raiva pedyo ano Turkish taundi Demre (Kale - Antalya Province).

Zvakasara kare

zita reguta Maira muRisia rinobva pashoko "nemura" - nebwe rusenzi. Asi pane imwe shanduro: guta rainzi "Maura" uye ndiyo Etruscan mavambo. Kushandurwa zvinoreva "nzvimbo Mother-mwarikadzi." Asi zvino kwave kuchiita phonetic kuchinja, zvokuti zita akauya - Worlds. Kubva matongo eguta rekare yemitambo (yeGirisi Roman) uye makuva zvakavezwa mumatombo, kusiyana riri pakuti vari panzvimbo dzakakwirira. Zviri wekare tsika dzavanhu muRisia. Saka vakafa vanofanira luchshvozmozhnost kuenda kudenga.

Sezvo guta guru, Maira muRisia kubva panguva Theodosius II raiva guta guru muRisia. The III-II emakore BC. e. iye aiva nekodzero chemindi pachake mari yayo. The Kuderera vakauya VII remakore. Ipapo guta rakaparadzwa munguva Arab vachirwisa uye madhaka nemvura rwizi Miros. The Church, zvakare, akanga kakawanda kuparadzwa. Kunyanya zvakasimba naro chakaparadzwa muna 1034.

yemamongi Education

Mushure Byzantine Constantine IX Monomakh wake Zoey Dali mirayiridzo kuvaka akapoteredza masvingo chechi uye wakashandurwa ndokuita wemamongi. In May 1087 vatengesi Italian vakatora zvisaririra kuti ndiko kune mufundisi, uye kutakurwa navo Bari. Pano Nikolay Chudotvorets pakati Maira akanzi aiva musande aive muguta. Maererano nengano, pamukova zvisaririra rokuItari mamongi vakanzwa Spicy kunhuwa mura.

Muna 1863 wemamongi atenga naAlexander II. Basa rakatanga musi kudzorerwa. Asi nokukurumidza vakanga varega. Muna 1963 iri mundima wemamongi pikidura, somugumisiro iyo yakawanikwa ruvara wezvidimbu machena - dzasara rusvingo mifananidzo.

Kunamata Myra Chudotvortsa Nikolaya

KuvaKristu, guta rine dzinokosha. Zvino chikwereti yeOrthodox St. Nicholas, zuva rokuyeuchidza iro rinopembererwa musi December 19. Iguru chishamiso-mushandi, yaizivikanwa kunokurumidza kureverera uye kudzivirira vana. Kunyanya nherera, vafambi uye vengarava. Nokuti vazhinji ruoko wokutanga kana kuti kudzidzisa, kana kuti rubatsiro. Vazhinji nyaya yakakurumbira zvishamiso chokuita musande.

Mumakore upenyu mufudzi anunura musikana kuroorana zvinonyadzisa nokuda kwababa basa. Uye nokukurumidza hanzvadzi yake. Akakanda bhegi Mari goridhe nepahwindo kwakati usiku. baba Happy akakwanisa kugadzirisa zvenzara matambudziko ose uye kudzivirira vanasikana kubva kumuchato nokuda mari.

Vanhu vazhinji aporeswa patemberi yacho musande. Dzinozivikanwa nyaya wemasikirwo gungwa madutu uye Nicholas rinoponesa ngarava kubva kunyura.

Nyaya inonzi "Standing Zoe" chakaitika Russia. Zvino mumazuva USSR. Asi pano, St. Nicholas Maira akazvisiyanisa somunhu yakaoma adherent pamusoro Orthodoxy.

Tsika uye modernity

In tsika dzokuMadokero, St. Nicholas akava kumumvuri chokusika upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova gamba Santa Claus. Iye kunonzwisiswa ari mudziviriri vana, anobudisa zvipo on Christmas usiku.

Chokwadi, nemaonero mutendi ari kumhura pamusoro mufananidzo musande, uyo akava eccentric, anogara Lapland, chinobviswa pakuzivisa Coke uye anopfeka bhachi dzvuku. A ruzhinji revashanyi kushanyira mahombekombe Antalya kuti havazivi kunyange kuti pane maawa maviri chete kubva munzvimbo tsvene kuzonyengetera uye kumbira waanoda, pasina, tapota musaora kusiyiwa vasina akavatarisa.

Kubva aimbova guta dzvene zvishomanana, sezvo ano toerisme indasitiri zvinoisa yakasimba zvakakanganwika zvose, kuita kunyange kunyarara nenzvimbo imwe mhando Disneyland. Nechekare pamusoro nzira kutemberi, apo akashanda kamwe Bhishopu Mukuru Maira Wonderworker, nzvimbo anosangana hombe mapurasitiki Santa, achirangarira mazororo Gore Idzva. Nechekare mberi, pedyo kuchechi, pamire mufananidzo Nikolaya Ugodnika waMwari, yakaitwa dzakafuridzirwa manyorerwo.

Nyarara uye norunyararo nzvimbo idzi dzinogona kuonekwa chando mwaka. Church of St. anoita nezvekufadza asingagumi. Chinhu tsitsi kuti zvisaririra Nikolaya Ugodnika vari Bari.

A uchimuratidza Worlds iri kupiwa ose hotera iri pamhenderekedzo. Kunodyira 40-60 madhora. Tours Most achipfeka kwemasikati uye akatasva muchikepe kuti. Kekova kuona matongo yekare.

St. unhu

Sam Nicholas akaberekerwa kuPatara. baba vake namai - Theophanes uye Nonna - wakabva vakakwirira. mhuri Nicholas akanga yakabudirira zvikuru. Asi, pasinei mikana ine dzakaisvonaka kuvapo, vabereki dzaiitwa kuti mutsvene upenyu hwechiKristu hunodiwa naMwari. Mukukwegura, havana vana, uye chete nemhaka yomwoyo wose vanovimbisa kutsaurira mwana kuna Mwari akavapa Ishe mufaro wokuva vabereki. In rubhabhatidzo, mucheche ainzi Nicholas, izvo zvinoreva muchiGiriki - kuti kuhwina vanhu.

Maererano nengano, mazuva mwana wokutanga vakatsanya nomusi Chitatu neChishanu, kuramba mukaka waamai. In kuyaruka, remangwana musande akaratidza nyasha chaidzo uye unyanzvi mune zvesayenzi. Hazvina kutora chinhu varaidzo zvakafanana vezera. Zvose zvakaipa uye runotadza zvakanga mutorwa. Vazhinji nguva muduku anozviramba yakapedzerwa kuverenga Rugwaro uye munamato.

Pakafa vabereki vake Nicholas akava mugari wenhaka hombe pfuma. Zvisinei, izvozvo haiunzi mufaro, rakafanana chipo kuti akomborerwe naMwari.

upristi

Akanga akaraira mupristi, St. Nicholas ari Wonderworker pamusoro Maira vakapedza kunyanya kuomesa hwokuzvinyima upenyu. mabasa avo Archbishop aida pachivande kuita sezvaakaraira muvhangeri. Kubva chiito ichi munyika yechiKristu vakaenda tsika kuti vana on Christmas mangwanani zvipo, iyo rakavanda usiku Nicholas, izvo zviri West anonzi Santa Claus.

Pasinei yepamusoro, kuti presbyter Nicholas yakaramba muenzaniso wokuzvininipisa, rudo uye kupfava. nguo Shepherd vaiva nyore, unadorned. St. Food akanga dzakaonda, uye akatora nayo kamwe pazuva. Shepherd haana akaramba rubatsiro uye zano. Pandaishanyira weChurch aiva kutambudzwa kwevaKristu. Nicholas uyewo nevamwe vazhinji, akanga pasi kurwadziswa, uye akaiswa mujeri iri mutirongo varayirwa Diocletian uye Maximian.

The yesayenzi kusvika

Zvidzidzo Radiological ndikazvisimbisa pamberi zvisaririra kuti zviratidzo kuti mutsvene Maira yakanga yakareba ari nyorova, chando ... uye pamwechete radiological zveBhaibheri pamusoro zvasara zvisaririra Nikolaya Chudotvortsa (1953-1957), akanga akawanikwa kuti iconographic mufananidzo uye asian nomufananidzo uwirirane nechitarisiko , reconstructed kuti dehenya kubva muhwiro Bari. Kukura wonderworker raiva 167 cm.

Mune kumbonyanya akwegura (Makore 80) Nikolay Chudotvorets akaenda Ishe. Old kwemanyorero, nhasi inowira December 6th. Uye nzira itsva - ndiye Mirach 19. Temple ariko nhasi, asi Turkish zviremera kuitisa basa kamwe chete pagore, musi 19 December.