Furmanov Dmitriy Andreevich: Biography, mabasa

The firimu akakurumbira kwakavakirwa rake rinonzi, akasunungura makore 8 pashure yemunyori rufu. Akagadzira zita yakakurumbira munyori, uye ipapo vakabatsira wayo panotaurwa dzakasiyana-siyana anecdotes. Kubva kure makore, kazhinji zviri zvisina uye utsinye murwi nokuda pachake ari Party kuti mutsetse, kuita backhand kurwa, uye mabhuku. Chete kunyatsoongorora vachaona dzimwe zvokushanda kwevanhu unhu Fuhrman unonzi. Dmitri A. akararama upenyu hupfupi, vakasiyana njodzi vazhinji vezera rake pachena pamberi yokuwana uye zvakafanana kwavari kudiwa chenguva nzira kusarudzwa muna noutsinye nguva yokuchinja rinokosha.

kutanga

Akaberekerwa muna 1891 mumhuri yakakura, mumusha Sereda Kostroma province. baba vake vaibva Yaroslavl vanhuwo zvavo, asi yaiva yake rusher. Apo Dmitry akanga 6 nemakore, kwakabva mhuri yakatamira Ivanovo-Voznesensk. Nokukurumidza chiteshi akavhura tavern vaiva baba vake - Andrey Semenovich Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich ipapo akayeuka kuti vakakomba ake uduku ezvinhu somunhu akadhakwa whirlpool, izvo nyore kungadai rakadzikadzika.

Ndapedza Dmitry muguta chikoro muna 1903 baba vake vakamuendesa kune imwe chikoro zvokutengeserana, uye muna 1909-1912 akararama Kineshma, uko akadzidza pachikoro. Kubvira mangwanani pauduku ane tsika, zvichida, rava kukonzera munyori Fuhrman unonzi. Dmitri A. hwose akaramba uwane dhayari, apo iye akanyora zvakaitika kuverenga, kubva kuvanhu akasangana. Naizvozvo, ndima zvokusarudza pairi dzakabudiswa uye kurumbidzwa nokuda vatsoropodzi nekuda pfuma chaiko uye dzakaitika zvinhu.

The kuedza kutanga

Pepanhau "Ivanovo jira" muna 1912, pakava detembo kuna mudzidzisi mabhuku Kineshma chikoro. Rakanga bhuku rokutanga, iyo yakasainwa pasi "Furmanov." Dmitry Andreyevich upenyu hwake akanyora zvakawanda nhetembo, kunyanya paaiva muduku, asi haana aizviona nyanduri.

Zvishoma nezvishoma yakaitwa kubva Furmanova chido kuita mumabhuku basa. chido ichi chakaita kuti zvaitambidzwa Mutemo rorusununguko Moscow State University, kwaakanga akanyoresa 1912 panguva History uye Philology. Pazvinotanga the World War First aiva chiitiko akaita nyaya yechipiri zvidzidzo. Kunotanga uto Biography Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich kunyoresa mureza kuchipatara chitima, uye iye anowana muna 1915 kusvika mberi.

political yokuzvisarudzira

Patriotic romanticism Furmanova, kufanana vazhinji, pashure pokuziva zvinoreva uye hunhu hondo anopa nzira mwoyo. Zvinonzi hunonyatsoonekwa dhayari, vazere dziri pamapeji aro Furmanova nhetembo. Dmitry Andreyevich kusuruvara fungidziro chikuru budiriro munyika yacho kwakamirira.

Mushure demobilization, iye unowana pachake Ivanovo-Voznesensk, apo, sezvo munyika, achifumira echimurenga vavimbezve. Apo, muna February 1917, izvozvo unotsvaira ari autocracy pamberi Furmanov kuchimuka kudiwa kusarudza pakati siyana enyika dzenzvimbo.

Nzira Bolshevism

Chokutanga, akaona pachake ari panhengo Socialist-kuipandukira, uye ipapo anova murongi boka maximalists. Ndiye nechokwadi chokuti nyika itsva inogona kuvakwa chete kuburikidza zvikuru zvikuru transformations kuti kubvumira kushandisa coercive matanho vaya vanoomerera yakare nzira youpenyu. Panguva iyoyowo mubasa Furmanov dzose basa neDare Workers 'vevatariri.

The apotheosis of echimurenga chaizvo maonero nokuti ndiko kwaita sangano guta vapanduki, ane mutungamiri kunova Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich, ane Biography icharamba chokuita Bolshevik Party, pakupedzisira kwakatemwa pashure pomusangano uye kubatsirana pamusoro Mikhail Frunze, akasara kokupedzisira anarchist neunyengedzi.

Muna 1919 akanga atuma aine yokuzviparadzanisa Frunze nechemberi, apo akagadzwa nomumiririri wa25 Division.

Chapaev

Paainyorera mabasa ake dzakakurumbira - "Chapaev", zvakanyorwa muna 1923, iye anoshandisa diaries ake, izvo haana kurega zvose nguva kupedzerwa Chapayev Division. Bhuku iri rakasiyana chaizvo kubva akakurumbira firimu pena pamusoro vavariro yake muna 1934. Tikafunga utsinye realism chokurondedzera uye kudanana kunanga mudzidziso pamwe zvinoshamisa unyanzvi kuti munyori muduku, vakarumbidza vaverengi uye mukurusa vanatenzi mabhuku. Gorky akanyora tsamba kuna Furmanov mavambo ari romunyori chinangwa uye chivimbo hwake.

Military Furmanova mugumo vakamukanda pamusoro fronts siyana yehondo. Kuratidzwa kwake - enganonyorwa uye nyaya akacherekedza sezvo mikuru mananara Soviet mabhuku 20s. Nganonyorwa "Kupandukira" (1925) ndiro kuna kudzvinyirira vanhu kulak vachimupandukira Kazakhstan, kuti yokufungidzira "Red Team" (1921) rinotsanangura rakasiyana rwizi kuzopamba shure mauto chena Kuban.

Commissioner rufu

Pashure pehondo, munyori ave achishanda mumabhuku uye nevamwe. Chikuru basa, anodavira kurwa kuti itsva dzematongerwe mabhuku Soviet, kunyange zvazvo anogamuchira kushoropodza kuti mikana sprains kubva RAPP - Vanyori 'sangano, anotaura zvakanyanyisa kuruboshwe-bapiro maonero.

Ari kuedza kuwana madingindira itsva nemabasa asina chokuita zviitiko Civil War. Ake-romukova hondo zvinoshanda - essays "Seashores" dzino (1925), kuna rwendo kuenda kumaodzanyemba kweRussia, ari Caucasian kumhenderekedzo uye Crimea. Iye aikosheswa zvikuru Gorky. Furmanov akashanda zvakaoma venhau, akanyora mabhuku critiques.

On mapeji dhayari pamusaka zvinhu kuti akanga achienda kushandisa kunyora magwaro itsva. Asi vavariro yake akasiya kuona mangwanani penga rufu. Chinokonzera rufu rwake yainzi yomumuzongoza, hosha huro, izvo haana kuteerera.

Vazhinji akarova shoko, yakabuda Muchirimo 1926, mapepa acho: March 15, pashure pfupi asi zvikuru chirwere kuti wamuka mushure matambudziko ose yokuSpain, Dmitriy Andreevich Furmanov akafa muMoscow. Articles kuti akazviratidza pashure nhau iyi, akanga azere vepachokwadi kuzvidemba pamusoro mangwanani rufu munyori. Chii akakwanisa kuita, rinopa tariro chidzoke remabhuku itsva here high quality.