Machinda vari Tower. Edward V uye mukoma wake Richard pamusoro York: shanduro nokuponda

History - Science capacious uye kwete nyore, kuvanda yakawanda chokusaroora uye hazvitaurwi zviitiko zvisingagoni kunyatsonzwisisa uye kunzwisisa.

Vangani asinganzwisisiki uye pwititika zvakachengetwa mune emakore-kare nhare nemisasa, dzemamongi uye tunnels. Vangani zvikuru asingazivikanwe uye kujeka kuchengetedza vakanyarara masvingo, tunnels uye magwaro vakarasika ...

Mumwe avo zvishoma kuzivikanwa uye kwete zvakazara akajekesa Zvikamu munhoroondo yenyika ndiye mhedziso vechidiki vaizotora chigaro mujeri. History rinodana chiitiko ichi zvishoma uye tersely: "Machinda muna Tower."

Chiitiko ichi chinhu dema mucherechedzo pamusoro yose UK, riri zvinoorora callousness uye Kusanzwisisika.

Ngatitaurei zvakasimba mberi kwavo fungidziro pamusoro matanhatu emakore akapfuura uye kuziva chii chakaitika uye nei.

The tirongo akakurumbira

Ngatitange nepfungwa yokuti kupfuura yakakurumbira Tower of London - nhare riri kuchamhembe kumahombekombe Thames River - anenge kubva pakutanga nheyo dzaro, aiva mamiriro mujeri vanhu veimba huru uye zvepamusoro.

Vasungwa akachengetwa idzi kuti havana inogarwa. Kurindwa navo nokungwarira uye kwazvo. Vasungwa zvinowanzotaurwa vakauya kurwizi uye chinotarisirwa kuburikidza inotyisa "Gedhi vatengesi."

Asi ndivanaani - nemachinda Tower, uye nei Dzakachengetwa?

nhoroondo

Machinda vari Tower - vakomana vaviri vari kuyaruka, vechiduku uncrowned King Edward V uye Richard munun'una wake. Sei kuitika kuti vakanga mujeri?

Baba akagadza vakomana, Edward IV kuti, akafa muna April 1483. Zvaiva zvakaoma uye kuedza nguva utsinye mumuzinda anonyengera uye kwoutsinye kutamburira simba.

Mambo akakwira choumambo somugumisiro reHondo yacho Roses. Aiva hama uye mugari wenhaka pachigaro - Richard Duke pamusoro Gloucester. Zvisinei, King Edward IV akanga akaroora uye ndakawana vakawanda nevazukuru. Nokukurumidza akafa kamwe kamwe uye zvisingatarisirwi.

Dangwe

Panguva iyoyo, mwanakomana mukuru wamambo mushakabvu iri Ludlow Castle, uko akadzidza pasi tutelage wababamudiki vake Entoni Vudvilla, hanzvadzi yaamai.

Handizivi kuti zuva muduku mugari wenhaka. Anofanira kunge aripo panguva mangwanani Misa uye kuita zuva rose uye usiku aigona kuita nguva kuti panze mitambo zvinoshingaira. dzidzo yakadaro nenyasha tinzwe pamusoro hunhu wemwana - akanga akangwara, ngwarira achifungisisa, uye zvakanaka kuverenga.

Apo Edward IV akafa, mwanakomana wake mukuru chete akatendeuka navaviri. Mutaviridziro babamunini vake uye naivowo mukomana akamhanya kuLondon kuti atore chigaro chababa vake. Paaienda guru, iye akasangana munin'ina wake.

mugari wenhaka chechipiri

Richard ane York, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga ava nemakore anenge gumi, uye akararama kubva baba vake. Akagara Shrewsbury, yake Castle, raiva hwanana ake, asi vashakabvu naye.

Pashure nhau rufu baba vake Richard pamusoro York akaenda kuLondon, sezvo ndiye mugari wenhaka wokutanga chigaro pashure mukuru mukoma wake.

Chii chakamirira vana guru?

mukoma wababa

By hurongwa raMambo mushakabvu muEngland akava mutongi Edward V pasi tutelage wababamudiki vake - mukoma King Richard pakati Gloucester. mai The womukomana - Queen Dowager Elizabeth Woodville - akanga muLondon uye vakaedza angatidzvinyirira enyika ari mwanakomana wake. Shure seri Queen akamira hama dzake dzakawanda, uyo aida mari pazuva Chirungu choushe. mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro haana inowirirana zvido Mambo Mudziviriri, ari Duke pakati Gloucester.

Haana kugovana simba rake naye vatarisane vanhu, saka ndakasarudza kuita iri yake.

Chivande uye kusungwa

Tatarisana vazukuru, Richard Gloster akatora mhiko mambo muduku uye akarayira kuti chemindi profile pamari zvose zvitsva. Panguva iyoyo akarayira kuti vatore hama dzechiduku mambo nesimba pamusoro rwaamai divi, uye Edward akatamira Tower, zvichipomerwa atidzivirire.

Sezvo vachiti vamwe manyuko, mambo muduku akanga achiedza kudzivirira mhuri yake uye pachake, asi yake rubatsiro hapana akamboda kuuya.

Royal Council, pamwe Korolevoy Elizavetoy akaomerera kuti kugadzwa kuti Edward zvakaitika nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Zvisinei, akangwara uye simba Duke pamusoro Gloucester blithely achitamba nguva.

Elizaveta Vudvill, tichiziva kuti kunonoka aigona kuurayisa kwaari, vakatora vamwe vemumba ake (kubva King Edward IV, akabereka vana vanomwe) uye akasarudzwa kuva utiziro Westminster Abbey.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti panguva iyoyo regent asina akaratidzawo neutsinye hwavo zvose uye utsinye. Akakwanisa anyengetedze dowager mambokadzi atumire pachangu mwanakomana wechipiri, Richard pamusoro York, ostensibly zvokuti aiva kambani mukuru mukoma wake, uyo akanga vaitarisira nhare kugadzwa kwake.

Saka ndiye aifanira kuzotora chigaro vaiva mujeri, uye vakapinda nhoroondo sezvo akakurumbira uye neshungu chiratidzo: ". Machinda ari Tower"

Anotambudzika chiitiko

Mwedzi miviri gare gare, Richard Gloster, achida kuva mambo, uye kuziva kuti iyi akanga hapana akuvara, akarayira kuurayiwa mambo wechiduku vakasunga hama, uye Edward uye mukoma wake akazivisa mubvandiripo. The dzoutsinye chinzvimbo isimbiswe mhosva yake?

Aiva uchapupu kuti vashakabvu King Edward IV (yakakurumbira rudo rwake zvakanangana) rave yatsidzira Eleanor Butler, saka muchato wake Elizabeth kwainzi haushandi uye vana vakaberekwa chokubatana ichi, kusanganisira zvisiri pamutemo.

Uyezve, Gloucester akapomera mwanasikana-Crowned wake rangano hwake uye uroyi. Kunyange zvazvo pomero idzi havana kunotoreva migumisiro uye havana kukanganisa upenyu Queen Dowager, ivo kudzivisa vakadzi itange chakakomba uye kunotyisa kudzivirira vana vavo.

Somugumisiro, Jehovha Mudziviriri Richard Gloster akava Mambo Richard III, Machindawo sezvo mhosva tsime Tower - Edward V uye Richard pamusoro York - uye akaramba ari muusungwa.

zvimwe zviitiko

Pashure pechinguvana Elizabeth akaedza vanorangana kusunungura vana vavo uye woupenyu choumambo, asi mumwe ayo yepedyo vatsigiri, akamuudza kuti vakanga vafa.

Kwapera gore, mambokadzi nokusunungura nyika yayo Holdings, asi Richard III pachena akavimbisa vake navanasikana vake upenyu uye rusununguko.

Elizabeth vagara mudare, kwaakanga achinja nokukurumidza simba: tsano vake vakaurayiwa muhondo, uye kuti Chirungu chigaro Genrih Tyudor.

About ichi zvaitika vanakomana vavo Elizabeth kumboziva.

Njodzi machinda

Chii chakaitika kuna vaduku vasungwa? Ungangove, ivo vakaurayiwa muna 1483, mwedzi mishomanana pashure asungwa. Kunyange zvazvo, maererano nedzimwe mishumo, makore mashoma dzinounzwa mari kuvharirwa kwavo.

Version kupondwa kuBritain mugari wenhaka pachigaro vachiri kugara dzekare uye pfungwa dzose hanya. The chikuru muparanzvongo rufu hama vaiona Chokwadi, Richard III. gweta Chirungu uye munyori Thomas More akanyora kuti machinda vari Tower vakanga zvakadzipwa James Tyrrell varayirwa sekuru vavo.

Zvisinei, pane imwe kuedza kutsanangura kunyangarika vakomana korona. Somuenzaniso, zvinofungidzirwa kuti ivo vakaurayiwa varayirwa Genriha Tyudora, uyo aitya kusiya zvakananga venhaka kune Chirungu chigaro mupenyu. Kuti asimbise nzvimbo yake youmambo, iye kunyange akaroora hanzvadzi zvisipo machinda - Elizabeth.

Paivawo imwe shanduro umhondi, nokuti iyo Edward V akatambura rufu kubvira kurwara kana pokutambudza. Asi, maererano nengano ichi, zvazvinosarira mubvunzo wakazaruka kuti chii chakaitika kuna Richard York.

emakore akazotevera

Pashure anenge maviri emakore pashure kunyangarika hama imwe shongwe Tower marangwanda kuyaruka maviri kwakawanikwa. The Zvisaririra dzakafukurwa pasi masitepisi uye vakanga reburied kubudikidza zvarayirwa naMambo Charles II kushanda pasi zita Edward uye Richard.

In mid-1930 kudzidza chaiitirwa pamusoro zvasara machinda akaratidza kuti havasi dzine zvimwe zvinhu, uye pane admixture masero mhuka.

Nhasi hazvibviri kuitisa kuongorora zvizere mashoko anoramba sezvo mamiriro Mambokadzi England anoramba exhume uye kuitisa tsvakurudzo. Naizvozvo chavanopinda marangwanda anowanikwa Tower vana Elizavety Vudvill uye King Edward harina zvakaratidza. Saizvozvowo, sezvo kusvika pakuguma harina kuwanikidzwa dambudziko ravo.

Maererano pamutemo nenhamba, panguva pakuguma XV remakore akanga munhu anozviti Prince Richard pakati York. Akakwanisa vabvume zvimwe madzimambo European uye kuronga kwebope, asi nokukurumidza akaurayiwa pamwe mutsigiri wake. Mabviro murume uyu achiri kuzivikanwa, asi ayo kufanana vana Edward V anoti ndiye mumwe wevanakomana mubvandiripo vamambo kana hama dzake dzepedyo.

Chakavanzika machinda Tower yasara munhu chakavanzika. Ungangove, hatizombofi kuziva chokwadi pamusoro porufu kwavo uye kuvigwa.

Zvisinei, pane tariro kuti achiri nzvimbo pane zvinyorwa zvinogona atiratidze chakavanzika zvavo zvakasuwa zvaitika. Tinomirira muone.