Kutarisa kuti Dictionary: Exchange - ndiani ichi?

mutauro Russian Modern yakasiyana zvikuru sei anoshandiswa madzitateguru edu makore zana kana kupfuura kare. Upenyu zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita kuti anochinja pamwe vanhu. Kudzidza, somuenzaniso, lexical maumbirwo pakutaura kunogona kurondwa shure, izvo zvakagadzirwa mumunda sayenzi, ruzivo, zvematongerwo enyika, uye nedzimwe nzvimbo dzave vakasuma, uye chii chiri zvachose aenda. Pashure pezvose, neologisms, historicism, mashoko zvisingachashandi - ichi zvose zviri nhoroondo yedu, akabatwa ari shoko.

Ziva - handizivi, tarisira - regai kushandisa

The kuitika chizvarwa vakurukuri vanowanzozviwana zvakaoma kutsanangura: vasingazivi - ndiani ichi? Ivo tinovhiringidza nayo nevamwe pedyo kukosha uye zvinoreva Shoko - vasingazivi. Ngatiedzei kujekesa inonakidza dambanemazwi. Kuti aite izvi, tarisa muduramanzwi. Somuenzaniso, Vladimir Dal anobata chiratidzo sezvinotevera: "Nevezha - shoko aumba kubva rechiito haazivi handizivi, handizivi sei. Vasingazivi, svinuka, asingazivi sei kuzvibata, gara paruzhinji. Somuenzaniso: ndimi harwuzivi conic wakasimwa, saka iye anokwira pasi nzira ".

Munzira Dahl anotaura kuti kunyange zvazvo shoko "vasingazivi" uye anodzokera chete midzi, asi kukosha kwayo kwakasiyana: munhu kudzidza, kwete vakaremerwa bhuku ruzivo, rima. Somuenzaniso, Vladimir Ivanovich anotungamirira mashoko: "munyori - kwake, vasingazivi - kwayo", "hairevi ruzivo vasingazivi." Panguva iyoyowo, anosimbisa kuti "kusaziva achiri neuchonosti". Saka, maererano Dahl vasingazivi - munhu Makwanza dzidzo, maitiro, uye vasingazivi - dzenyaya dzidzo, ruzivo, chikoro.

duramazwi Ushakov

Kuramba kwedu kudzidza mutauro, tava kuenda asi imwe chiremera - Dictionary rakapepetwa Ushakov. Izvi rinoti kuti shoko rinoreva zvose rume uye rechikadzi. Munyori anosarudza zviratidzo kubva maviri tsika. Chokutanga, kusaziva - noutsinye murume, svinuka. Wechipiri - kureva kuti kwezuva nezuva "vasingazivi." Sezvo mienzaniso yakadaro zvinoisa anoreva zvakafanana: .. Vahlak, murimi murimi, lout, snapper, etc. Ndizvo Ushakov anosanganisa pfungwa mbiri chete. nomazvo sei chinzvimbo chakadaro, gare gare isu vachanzwisisa.

Ozhegov-Shvedova

The tsananguro Dictionary Modern Russian Language, rakapepetwa Ozhegova verenga: "Nevezha - zviri unhu, svinuka, netsika dzakaipa munhu." E. Between "kuva kuverenga" uye "kumutswa" pano akambomisa muganhu yakajeka. Zvakaratidza kuti Ozhegov zvakanyatsorurama kupfuura Ushakov anofunga semantics veshoko, ayo noruvara zvinoreva uye zvichiita kushandisa mamiriro ezvinhu. dudziro Izvi zvinonyatsoenderana nani ari muenzaniso kwenzanga ano. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Chiitiko kuti ufuza kuzvidza mabasa ounyanzvi, mapurani pazvivako, picturesque makona zvakasikwa ari chaiyo inopupurira kwete asipo kana kushaya dzidzo, zivo, uye Makwanza dzidzo, pakunamata, mutsika noutsinye uye incivility. Iri pfungwa iyi, uye rinoshandiswa pamusoro ano savages shoko "ruzivo". Uye anosundwa fanano duramazwi "bhora" anouya kwaari vasingagoni kuva kubatsira.

zvivakamutauro chinotaurwa

Ngatiendei zvino kuti zvivakamutauro Mapato kuti aone morphological uye syntactical hunhu mashoko. Ivo zvichatibatsirawo kujekesa ayo lexical rinoreva. CAD - pazita, rarama, vakawanda mhando (.. Ie, zvinogona kushandisa kuti vamiririri vanhurume), rokutanga declension. Kungava kana kamwe chete uye muzvizhinji siyana. akasarudzwa "kwete" kunyaradza mudzi "vezh" kuzviuraya "munhu" pane shoko-okukura kuongorora. By mavambo yakatanga kuChechi kwechiSlavonic "vasingazivi" (pamwe Yat) kuti "Veda". Detailed uchapupu, ona pazasi.

Panyaya Mabviro

Zviratidzo "vasingazivi", "Veda", "nounyoro" kupinda panosangana chokuita, asi kwete chimwe-mudzi mashoko. "Veda" - pashoko kuti anodzokera yekare Russian "vedt," kureva, "kuziva" ... "Pfava" rinobva pashoko "Tower" - "nyanzvi" ava nenguva refu disused. Saka, pakutanga chiratidzo delimited ari mavambo, zvichireva manyorero kushandiswa. Zvinoti: "vasingazivi" ndicho nemidzi Russian yekare. "Asiri" .. inoumbwa chivakashure kunobva yekare Russian shoko "Tower", kureva, "nyanzvi", sezvinoratidzwa maitiro chikabviswa: nepolnoglasie. Shoko "vasingazivi" mavambo yakasiyana zvachose kubva Old necheSalvic. Tikafunga "chitima" rinoratidza zviri zvachose pachena, uyewo mumashoko aya: zvipfeko, achabereka pakati. Panoperera rechi18 uye muzana remakore rechi19, mashoko maviri zvakafanana, akasarudzwa chete pfungwa: munhu achava kudzidza, zvishoma kunyatsogona chii, zvinhu ignoramus. Zvadaro, muna mutauro tsika yave shandurwai tsika. Vasingazivi inowanzonzi raireva unhu vanhu, discourteous.

Mumvuri nezvahunonyatsoreva "vasina kudzidza" iri zvishoma nezvishoma kuitwa kutsiviwa, vachisiya muchikwata isashande. Asi ano chizvarwa vakurukuri kazhinji kunyonganisa mashoko maviri, mune mazwi mumwe pamusoro mumwe. Fani iyi, apo mashoko anenge zvakafanana asi akaperengerwa zvakasiyana uye zvinoreva pfungwa dzakasiyana, akadana Paronyms uye zviratidzo pachavo - Paronyms.

Izvozvo yakadaro dzinonakidza shoko-hama vane mumutauro wedu!