Nevamwe nyaya iri Chirungu: dzidzo uye kunyanya kushandiswa

Kuti tiwane ruzivo, zvakakosha kuzoumba mubvunzo nomazvo. In Chirungu, 5 mhando mibvunzo yakasiyana. Mumwe wavo - kuparadzana achikumbirwa kujekesa chinhu kana kuti kodzero dzavo.

Ndezvipi kupatsanura nyaya iri Chirungu?

Tag mibvunzo (kana nyaya pamwe muswe) vari chinokosha pakutaura kwezuva nezuva. In Russian, anoenderana wokuti "kodzero", "handizvo here?" "Hongu," akawedzera kumagumo mutongo. Dzimwe nguva muswe of kuparadzana nyaya mumutauro Chirungu haasi akashandurirwa Russian. Izvi ichokwadi kuti zvikumbiro, zviyeuchidzo, kuita chinhu, kusanganisira kunaka mumvuri, somuenzaniso:

• Musandisiya runhare zvakare, vachaparidza here? ( "Regai kundiidza zvakare").
• Kugumisa hwindo, waizoda? ( "Close, ndapota hwindo").

Classic shanduro vanaamwene muswe kubvumira kubvunza interlocutor ake pamusoro chinhu vawane sokukumbira kana akaipa mubvunzo. Panyaya iyi, panoparadzana nyaya mumutauro Chirungu zvakasiyana vanhuwo nzira rokuumba mibvunzo, matauriro uye chinangwa. Asi mhinduro vangava bindepinde.

• Ndicho kuchitonhora nhasi, handizvo here? - Hongu, ndizvo. ( "Nhasi ndiro kuchitonhora chaizvo, handizvo here? - Hungu?").
• Makaita homuweki yako, hauna here? - Kwete, handina. ( "Iwe waita kuti homuweki - No").

Kana nyaya yechipiri zvaibvira kubvunza Kazhinji mubvunzo, kunyange zvazvo zvingava zvishoma nomutsa, mumutsetse wokutanga zviri zvisizvo: Mukurukuri pachake anoziva mamiriro ekunze ndewe.

Senzira mibvunzo Tag

Chinhu chokutanga kudzidzei paumbwe kwakadai mubvunzo - chii kana rokuti wazvo, muswe achava asina kunaka uye vakutarisire. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana munhu koma pamberi rechiito haana kuramba, zvichaita kuonekwa mushure grade pfungwa. Uye kana pedyo rechiito riri NEGATIVE PARTICIPLE haana, ichanyangarika ari chikamu mubvunzo wechipiri.

Chokwadi, panoparadzana nyaya mumutauro Chirungu dzinovakwa kufungisisa chinguvana chimiro Predicate. Nyore kunzwisisa marudzi rechiito kuva. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chero pazita anoita somunhu pasi, anotsiviwa mune ponytail pachedu chisazitasingwi zvakafanana.

• George ari chiremba, haasi iye? ( "George - Doctor, handizvo here?")
• Vabereki vako vari Spain zhizha rapera, havana here? ( "Vabereki vako vari Spain zhizha rapera, handizvo here?")
• Mary achava gumi vhiki mbiri, handiti iye? ( "Mary achava 10 muna 2 weeks, handizvo here?")

Kana Predicate mutengo kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro rechiito (verenga, hope, nemotokari), unofanira kutanga kuziva nguva pfungwa. Izvi zvichakubatsira kuti kuvhara (-s mune chipo kutorarama nenzira 3 munhu yakazonaka; -ed nguva verbs munguva zvatoitika). Kana rechiito zvakaoma kuziva, saka, pfungwa rinoshandiswa muchimiro 2 kana 3, zvakakodzera kutarisira patafura kwemashifiti verbs.

Nokuti kunaka muswe panguva ino kuita vanoda ebetsero rechiito kana anoita; munguva zvatoitika, ukuwo, akaita.

Chimwe zvizere kuti anobvumira kupatsanura nyaya tenzi Chirungu nokukurumidza - ndiko kuti kuteerera nhamba mashoko ari Predicate pamberi grade pfungwa. Kana rechiito ndeimwe (asi kwete rechiito kuva) ari ponytail vanoda mubatsiri Itai / anoita / vakaita (rakadini mienzaniso pamusoro). Kana vaviri kana vatatu verbs, muswe chichagadzirirwa yokutanga vavo. Nokuti wokupedzisira nyaya vari vaviri dzakaoma (ramangwana, chipo kare kare, zvose magumo nguva), uye kushandisa modal verbs. Izvi ndezvechokwadi nokuti kunaka chikamu chokutanga kana muswe achava akanaka. Somuenzaniso:

• a lot of money, hasn't he? muzvinabhizimisi uyu akaita mari yakawanda , haana?
• a tree faster than others, can't he? munin'ina wako anogona kukwira muti dzichimhanya kupfuura vamwe, haagoni iye?
• for a walk today, are you? Haukwanisi famba nhasi , uri iwe?
• basketball, does she? Hanzvadzi yake haadi basketball, anoita iye?

Complex zviitiko kushandiswa

Izvi zvinosanganisira dze mwoyo, kupa kunaka dudzirachiito kana chisazitasingwi, zvimwe anosiyiwa. Vatarisana navo, zvakakodzera kuisa mune ponytail zvimwe rechiito, haisi rakakodzera Predicate yokutanga chikamu nguva dzose.

The inotodiwa pa kutanga rechiito, kusanganisira Ngaakutungamirire 's kunaka kana Don' t, vari yakanyorerwa rimwe bato / -am, saka ari ponytail acharamba kumira chisazita iwe, uye panyaya ngatiende - isu. Somuenzaniso:

• Teererai mudzidzisi wako nzeve, vachaparidza here? ( "Nyatsoteerera mudzidzisi").
• Regai kunonoka, vachaparidza here? ( "Musatya kunonoka").
• Ngatiendei kubva manheru ano, isu anofanira? ( "Ngatiendei kune imwe nzvimbo nhasi").

Zvisazitasingwi munhu, hapana, vashoma, kwete mazhinji , hapana, zvishoma, kana, paive upi, Hazviwanzoitika chero vane kunaka ukoshi, izvo zvinoreva kuti ari vaitaura navo mushure grade pfungwa rechiito achava sokukumbira, uyewo vari Predicate (kazhinji mumwe negation). Kuvapo zvakaipa dudzirachiito (kumbobvira, kashoma, kuenzana, kashoma , hapana, paive, kwangopera) chete zvinoda yakanaka kuvakwa yacho.

Tichimhanya, tichitangira ... Ikoko, chengeta shoko iri ari ponytail mushure upiyona rechiito. Pakupedzisira, pashure ndiri pakutanga mutongo runodiwa vasiri I?

Basa intonation

Kubva mataurire nako zvakafanorongwa kukamurwa mubvunzo zvinoenderana ayo chaicho. Kana panopera nyaya kunowedzera matauriro, mukurukuri haasi chokwadi vezvenhau uye uchida kuwana mhinduro. Kana rigone intonation, zvinoda nyore nokusimbisa articulated pfungwa, kazhinji, mibvunzo iyi inobvunzwa kuti tirambe kukurukurirana.

How kuvaka mhinduro dzemibvunzo pamusoro nekupatsanurwa?

Asati apa mhinduro zano, kuongorora mubvunzo pacharo, pasina muswe; yakanaka kana kunaka rokutanga chikamu zvinoda dzakasiyana mhinduro Masvomhu. Simple nzira, kana mukurukuri inoshandisa sokukumbira Predicate kunoda chete Hongu uye No, papiwa wemauto mubvunzo. Next ari chisazitasingwi, zvakafanana nyaya chinhu uye ebetsero rechiito.

A ikakuruma zvakaoma kupindura mibvunzo yacho kuparadzana mumutauro Chirungu, kana mugove wokutanga ndiko kunaka. Nepo uchabvumirana nomukurukuri, mhinduro inofanira kutanga Yes; vasingabvumirani - pamwe No. Next, chisazita uye rechiito hwebetsero. Somuenzaniso:

• Karen wakanaka tenesi mutambi, haisi iye? - Hongu, iye ari (akabvuma).
• Tinogona kutora motokari, hatingagoni? - Kwete, hatingadaro (besano).
• Haana kudzokera bhuku here? - Aiwa, haana (mvumo).
• Hazvina kusanaya kakawanda pano here? - Hungu (besano).

Hazvibviri kusateerera kudzidza Chirungu, kuparadzana nyaya. Kurovedza, akadai mabhuku R. Murphy uye kugara tsika kuchabatsira kukunda matambudziko chokuita ichi zvivakamutauro chaiyo.