Kukwikwidza zviri pamutemo enyika

Tichitarisa pamutemo mugadziriro modernity mukati mumwe repamutemo anoranga, kunyanya bhuku vanyori, vadzidzisi, uye vanoita mupfungwa Chokwadi, mamiriro ezvinhu ane nzvimbo kuti chero nguva yenyika. kureva Rinotaura kwete chete zviri Russian pamutemo hurongwa, asi hurongwa mu nomumwe nyika Nyika.

To musi, tinogona kusiyanisa maviri kusvika pamwero kukwikwidza hurongwa. Vaiva inonyatsobudirira, kutengeka uye kwakapararira: asi Romano-weGermany uye-Saxon. Dzimwe nguva pamwe navo uye inonzi gutsaruzhinji, asi kare zhinji nharo kuti magariro chinhu Transitional Danho kubva imwe gadziriro mumwe.

The epamutemo mugadziriro modernity zvakare minuses, vamwe pluses. Dzimwe wekutanga kupfuura ekupedzisira. Uye mumwe chete ezvinhu munyika dzakasiyana anogona kukudziridzwa munzira dzakasiyana kuremekedza vamwe zvemamiriro ezvinhu nokukurumidza uye vamwe zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mumwe hurongwa rinosanganisira, sezvo yoga okunze, kwete chete mabasa, nzira pravoosuschestvleniya, asiwo pamutemo vazive vagari. Kufanana kuripo munhu zvinhu wakarurama uye kubvumira mamiriro ezvinhu kuti zvinosanganisira mumwe "mhuri pamutemo".

Chokwadi, ano pamutemo hurongwa avo National uye nhoroondo zvinhu. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa kunyange zita chikuru "mhuri" pamutemo.

Continental maitiro

mutemo Russian vachinzi "mhuri" Romano-weGermany kana Continental (sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi) hurongwa. Vanobvumirana chete chepamutemo hwaro kunyika Europe, Japan, Latin America uye China (zvisakakwana). The chikuru chinoratidza ino ndiko kuziva inviolable kodzero dzevanhu (the Constitution) uye mugove mutoro kuna wenyika yavo. Zvinonzi inobva Roman postulates Kwekodzero, zvakanaka dzakachinjwa mu Africa European. The kwemitemo chinosimbiswa dzakatevedzana Codes, asi ane kukuru pamutemo simba reMitemo. It rakavakwa anoritsanangura uye kushandura mitemo yose munyika, nekuti rine kodzero mugari sezvo mukuru kukosha ehurumende. The zvakafanana. bumbiro, pane dzimwe Continental nomutemo nyika ino (somuenzaniso, Declaration of Rights muna European Union).

The Pakanzi wechipiri "mhuri" - kuparadzana magariro uye voga (vakasuma pfungwa matunhu neminisiparati uye chaiyo). Hapana chakavanzika pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo ruzhinji uye zvinofarirwa wacho chaizvo zvakanyatsobatana. Uye kazhinji mutemo inogona kududzirwa muchifarira munharaunda uye kuti ibatsirwe mugari. Asi nezvamakatonga hurongwa unokubvumira parse, kugadzirisa nechimwe uye, kana zvakakodzera, kuchinja kuti Codes of Russian Federation: mukuru (akadai ndokuendeswa) uye chinokosha (kwedzimba, mhuri, etc.).

Chokwadi, zviri pamutemo hurongwa hwenyika dzakanga nani: paiva mitemo rezvedzidzo pfuma uye vamwe, yakanga isiri.

The-Saxon maitiro

Chimwe zvakafanana kwava-Saxon: United States uye British Commonwealth (Great Britain, kusafanana nedzimwe nyika dzokuEurope, Canada, New Zealand, Nigeria, Australia nevamwe). Hwaro hurongwa akateya pasi yeUnited nemamiriro nyuchi; asi centralization simba. Kuchinja,-Saxon hurongwa rave vaumbe chikuru chinhu - kururamisira. Kuti aite maererano nehana - musimboti akadaro, zvingaita sokuti, aigona kugadzirisa chikuru dambudziko Continental ino - kusagutsikana pamwe nemapato, nokuti kusiyana kududzirwa mutemo. The musimboti chinonzi nhasi: kana murayiro simba kushandisa zvakanaka (zvakare maererano kuzviitira maonero roruvanze) zviyero. Zvisinei, chete nekuda chaiyo, contractual ukama, zvaakatonga mirango. Uye chete pahwaro zvakafanana pamutemo mitemo.

Pfungwa yacho oga-Saxon hurongwa zvakawanda zvikuru, uye nokudaro vashoma kusiyana pakati vagari. Somuenzaniso, ari oga pamwe kodzero zvose makambani uye nevanhu (musimboti kururamisira "ipapo").

Saka, kare vakuru pamutemo mugadziriro ino dzinosiyana nenzira kusangana huru dzevanhu. Uye kusvikira sokururamisira vanokwanisa kuita izvi - zvakaoma kutonga vapenyu chete chete ezvinhu, kwete ruzivo kubata vamwe.

Mukugumisa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzepamutemo mugadziriro ino anogona kuvawo akasiyana mhando: zvikuru chaiwo "yakamanikana" siyana (Islamic mutemo, Jewish, etc.), uye pose (somuenzaniso tinogona kutora European Union uye Declaration on Human Rights ).