KuCrimea zvinomera: tsananguro uye mapikicha

Crimean Flora iri kujairika uye siyana. On Peninsula, pane 2500 marudzi zvinomera dzomusango. Ichi chinhu chinoshamisa mufananidzo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, uye kusiyana nemiti. Apa pane 250 endemic marudzi, kureva. E. Plants sedziya kumwe munyika haagoni akasangana. Mukuwedzera, muCrimea akapfuma zvinoera - miriwo zvakachengetedzwa pasina shanduko chero mamiriyoni emakore.

Zvaiitika

KuCrimea miti zvakakwana kuongororwa. Asi zvingava zvakadaro nguva dzose akaita kuwanikwa itsva kwemarudzi. A chikonzero ichi ndicho yokusiyana Peninsula. Sezvataona, kune Crimean zvirimwa vari siyana chaizvo. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti kwose kwose Peninsula adjoin miti akasiyana chaizvo siyana. Pakati pavo vane relicts uye endemics. Mukuwedzera, chaizvo chokuita miti yakasiyana chaizvo kumatunhu kweGungwa Dema: kuCaucasus, muBalkans, Asia Minor. A yakafanana chiri chokuita nhoroondo muCrimea.

Pashure pezvose, zvakanga Pakutanga yatisingaonekwi yemakomo kweItari, izvo kwezviuru zvemakore zvakawanda nguva vakabatana, izvozvo disconnects pasi nyika mabhiriji kusvikira yakaoma (nyika Caucasus, Asia Minor, muBalkans, East European Plain). Nekuti miti kunge wakashanduka-shanduka uye muCrimea. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti vanopfuura chiuru mhando zvekumwe specimens vakaunzwa nevanhu kwezviuru zvemakore zvenhoroondo munyika ino. Saizvozvo zvakaitika kuti nemiti Peninsula awana mavara uye zvakasiyana-siyana Kutarira hwakadaro.

The Change zvinomera zvikamu

Chimwe chinoratidza Crimea ndiyo kuchinja chaizvo pachena zvinomera kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba.

Nechekuchamhembe Peninsula - chinhu nemumakomo inowanzorimwa. Pari, vakawanda vavo kare makarima, asi nekuti idzi vakarasikirwa dzavo dzinongoitika chimiro. Original chitarisiko rakaramba idzodzo chete dzisiri akakodzera kurima. munyu ichi marshes, nemipata, kuhova matombo mapani.

Munzvimbo pamapani ari inowanzorimwa zvakachinja sango. Kune vane, kuwedzera inowanzorimwa miti kukura mhuka dzakadai omujunipa, pamuouki Negima, peya loholistaya, akasimuka, dzokuMabvazuva hornbeam, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Uyezve kumaodzanyemba, dondo zvishoma ne pomuouki masango, izvo vanoumba 60 muzana zvose dondo yecocoa Peninsula. In Crimea, vari panzvimbo mutete uye chiedza.

With pamuouki akareba masango kupa nzira Beech. miti-gore 200-250-okuberekwa vari zvinoorora simba ravo uye kwakakwidibira primeval runako. Zviri dzose chakasuruvara zvikuru, hapana kunyange makwenzi uye uswa nechifukidziro, pane chete gobvu rukoko mashizha vafa. Panguva kukwira nezviuru mamita ane hombe beeches simba inotsiviwa gnarled, miti kukakanganiswa.

At pamusoro namatanda chinjana sandara nenhongonya kuti vanoparadzaniswa mumwe pemipata zvikuru. Externally akafanana gomo mafuro inowanzorimwa. Zviri pano kuti ari chikamu zvose endemic kwemarudzi Peninsula.

Uyezve, pedyo negungwa, ndiko rwokushanyira pakati Beech, nemipaini uye nemipaini masango, chine Crimean nemipaini uye Scots mupaini. Kune pano uye yemiouki, Beech, hornbeam. Natural masango mupaini zvakawanda iziviswe kumhenderekedzo yokumaodzanyemba, zvisina chokwadi yezasi-nechokumabvazuva.

South Beach

Uyezve rwezasi kunotanga shiblyakovy bhandi zvinosanganisira hornbeam, womuouki Negima, omujunipa, Strawberry muti, pistachio, uye vamwe nzara nemishonga zvirimwa zvakawanda. Okunze zasi-kumabvazuva zvaoma chaizvo nekuti shiblyak chaizvo chaizvo isingawanzowanikwi.

Uye pano South Coast vava gobvu. Kazhinji, zvinomera Southern muganhu pedyo Mediterranean, asi chaizvo achinja zvikuru murume. Vazhinji ndima inogarwa plesieroorde, neminda yemizambiringa, mugwagwa. Uye ruoko rwomunhu chichasimbiswa zvakawanda mumapaki, izvo kukura pamusoro Peninsula kupinza mhuka. Fungidzira kuti zvirimwa zvakawanda pamusoro Southern yokumadokero Crimea vakararama pano kwemakore anenge 200. Pari ose anovaraidza vava chinokosha kukwezvana uye South Coast. Pakati pavo vane yakakurumbira Alupkinsky, Foros, Livadia, Massandra, Gurzuf mumapaka. Uye kuti oga kunokosha akakurumbira zvose Nikita Botanical Garden, rine kwete chete kuCrimea chirimwa (mapikicha vanoonekwa munyaya), asi yakawanda kupinza zvekumwe kwemarudzi.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mumapaki pachavo vane kare sezvaiita pamwe dzinongoitika miti yakasvibira mumatenhere uye vanoumba coherent rose.

kuCrimea reserves

KuCrimea miti kurindwa nevakuru mitemo. On Peninsula akasika mana zvachose itsva kuchengeterwa nevatanhatu reserves. Aizotidzivirira zvakare dzinongoitika pazvivako, dzinongoitika reserves, akadzivirira mumapaka.

Pedyo Nikitsky botanical mubindu iri kuchengeterwa "Cape Marian." Uyewo ari Peninsula ndiye Yalta Reserve, Karadag hunhu kuchengeterwa, apo neapo zvirimwa aunganidzwa Crimea. Izvi chete chiduku chikamu nzvimbo inochengetedzwa munharaunda iyi. Vose yakasiyana uye zvinofadza yazvo nzira, mumwe nomumwe pamberi yayo dambudziko ndichengetedze relict uye endemic zvirimwa. Munyaya ino tinoda kupa rondedzero vamwe vavo.

Beech

Beech - Beech ari genus yemhuri. In Crimea chinokura mhando mbiri: misi uye easterly. Vose vane regal nechitarisiko uye kuridza guru ivhu uye mvura kuchengetedza basa. Kurarama huni kubva 250 kusvika 350 makore. It Anotumbuka kekutanga aine makore 30, uye zvichida kunyange makore 60 kana 80. Padavi April, pamwe mawa pakuvhurwa mapepa. Autumn muti nzungu kuoneka. Vakaguta mapuroteni, nondo, nguruve, nondo. Very anokosha ari mafuta Beech, hazvina muduku ehupfumi ari muorivhi.

Eya, matanda uye handigoni kutaura. Nemhaka yayo chaiyo inoshandiswa kugadzira emiti kuti waini zvinodhura, flooring, zviridzwa, yacht. Kare, nemiti akatema tsitsi muCrimea. Uye zvino kudzivirirwa. Grove pamusoro Ai-Petri zvavo ari kuchengetedza nzvimbo.

muoki

Oak runobva kuna Beech mhuri. In yose, pane kumativi 450 mhando chirimwa ichi. Nemakwati nehuni muti kunoongwa zvikuru. In Crimea, zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi Downy pomuouki, inova musha makore anopfuura chiuru. Izvi pano ari Kwemireniyamu chirimwa riri pedyo Foros. girth ake - mashanu nehafu mamita. A Bakhchisaray akawana pedyo muti kutenderera pamusoro mamita masere. Kare muna 1820, ari koko matanda okunamata nawo yakateyiwa Nikitsky mumunda, iyo Anonakidzwa kusvikira nhasi. munda Masayendisiti yaigadziriswa ibwe miouki akapoteredza South Coast. Zvino, chirimwa ichi ndicho Southern Crimea.

Strawberry muti

Nemhuka dzose Crimea zvokuti siyana kuti kumbomira katyamadza. A South Beach - dzakasiyana nzvimbo, chidimbu pakati subtropics, apo pane chinokosha chaizvo zvirimwa izvo, pfungwa, vaisagona midzi munzvimbo iyi, asi nemhaka yokukosha microclimate vakasikwa makomo, iwo zvakakwana vanonzwa pamba pano.

Mumwe miti izvi ndiwo Strawberry muti. Chiri muti waigara uri girini, pamwe pamusoro makumi rudzi achikura North America uye reMediterranean. In Crimea, chirimwa rinowanikwa chete kumhenderekedzo yokumaodzanyemba. Zvinonzi rakachengetedzwa munzvimbo idzi sezvo Tertiary nguva, zviri ikozvino akanyorwa Red Book. Muti otonga yakakwirira mamita matanhatu. It kunoratidzwa pebhanhire yakakoswa hunde uye Achitsaudzira kumugumo pamatavi. On muti michero vari kuumbwa, chakafanana zvikuru mastrawberry. Vava dzinodyiwa. Nekuti miti vane decoration chitarisiko, ndivo cultured iri mumapaka Peninsula. Uye pedyo Gaspra ane miti mishoma, ane zera, maererano masayendisiti, riri pedyo makore ane chiuru.

maonde

Maonde uyewo zvimwe kunzi pamuonde. nyika yokumusha kwake - Mediterranean. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti chiri miti yakasvibira chirimwa, ane zvinopfuura 800 marudzi. Nokuti munhu dzinokosha ndizvo zvibereko. Vanodya zvinyoro, akaomeswa, yakabikwa kubva kwavari Jam. Kazhinji ndiwo akwegura kwazvo muti panyika, yakura kubvira panguva yakare. Zvisinei, sezvo zvakarurama uye zviri ndisingazikanwi apo uye uyo wanunurwa muti uyu ari pamusoro Crimean kweItari. Pari muna Nikitsky mumunda akakurumbira ane marudzi 300 yemaonde. Muti ane simba midzi. Familiar kwatiri maruva pamuti ikoko. Asi chibereko anopiwa masaga vane mbeu mukati.

Cupressus sempervirens

Uyu coniferous muti waigara uri girini. In Crimea ikawira kuGreece. Acclimate pano kare. Asi vakawanda kuparadzira akagamuchira muzana remakore rechi18, apo zvirimwa zvakawanda vakaunzwa musi Potemkin kuti kurayira. Miti yakasvibira muti ane pyramidal chimiro. tsono Its kwazvo nyoro kune ikabatwa. Pasikweya zvidiki uye une kumativi chimiro, sezvinoita bhora. mbeu Cypress zvokudya shiri zhinji: Dubonosov, woodpeckers, finches, robins. Uyezve, huni inozivikanwa kupodzwa ehupfumi.

VaGiriki vekare vakaona kunobatsirawo nemisipiresi vanhu vane chirwere mumapapu. Masayendisiti Modern zvakaratidza kuti mafuta rinokosha muti ane simba bactericidal zvazviri, ndiro inokwanisa kudzvinyirira anonzi Staphylococcus, Koch seinä nezvimwe utachiona. For kuchirapa zvinangwa, kushandiswa uye muti wotungira. Wood zvikuru yakasimba, zviri husingakwanisi kuora uye ane munuhwi anoshamisa. Aionga kubva panguva yakare.

orchids

Orchids yakatekeshera chaizvo munzvimbo dzinopisa. To ichi mhando ndorwevaya zvose anozivikanwa zvangu Vanilla uye zvakasiyana-siyana kwazvo kwemarudzi dzabudapo greenhouses. In Crimea mune 39 mhando zvinomera, 20 izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa Balaclava. Maererano meteorologists, ndiwo akanyanya kupisa nzvimbo yose South Coast. It kunyange jokingly anotaurwa so "Crimean Africa." Zvinonzi nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvirimwa zvakawanda endemic zvinowanikwa pano.

The Red Book of Crimea. Plants zvaisanganisira mairi

Crimea - iri rakasiyana nzvimbo, iyo vakauya pamwe chete zvikuru zvechokwadi pfuma kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Chero nzvimbo vanotanga akashanyira Peninsula, hariregi kuyemura runako kwayo uye zvinoshamisa zvirimwa. Uye ipapo ndewokuti, chii kuona, chii kuyemura. Sei chete vapfumi nhoroondo nharaunda iyi vanofanira.

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro yakasiyana miti Peninsula, vazhinji vavo vari pasi kudzivirira uye refu-rwakaiswa pangozi. Crimean miti, sezvinorondedzerwa munyaya tauya tiri anonakidza uye vakakodzerwa zvikuru hwakadzama kutarisirwa. Tinoda ndingadawo vanogara avo rudzi kuti mumwe chikonzero kana mumwe akatokundwa kupinda Red Book. Dzinokwana vanopfuura 250. Pano inongova mimwe vavo:

1. Horsetail rwizi.
2. Kostenets naka.
3. Kostentsi North.
4. Juniper deltoid.
5. Maple Steven.
6. Ira naka.
7. Dubravnaya cuff.
8. Hanyanisi dzvuku.
9. Hawthorn klinolistny.
10. Salvia pratensis.
11. Dandelion Crimea.
12. Tulip Bibirshteyna.
13. Grapes dondo.
14. Kamke Sea.
15. Cystoseira Bearded.

Kazhinji mubhuku hunosanganisira: hvoschovye, gymnosperms, angiosperms, mosses uye algae. The Pamazita Takatambanudzira chete zvirimwa mashoma muCrimea. Bhuku anosanganisirawo rinobatanidza pasi.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Crimea - a zvachose yakasiyana uye zvinoshamisa nzvimbo. Kuwedzera kunoshamisa runako, zvinokanganisawo pfuma kasvisto. Panyika, zvichida havasi nzvimbo dzakawanda kuti anozvikudza pfuma yakadaro Maruva marudzi, yabva dzimwe nharaunda uye kuti ajaira nzvimbo itsva.