Kubereka - Fertility ndiyo .. nyika. kubereka zvinhu

The chikuru chinoratidza nyika ive dzinongoitika ivhu zvinhu ndiyo chokubereka yavo. Kubva uhwu kunoenderana simba zvose zvipenyu zviri panyika, zvinomera, uye, chokwadi, vanhu.

The ivhu sezvo inokosha chezvinonhuwira zvakasikwa inoshandisa mari dzose (zuva simba, zvinokurisa), zvinowanisa navo vanonzi zvinovaka muviri uye zvokushandisa zvinomera, izvo zvaizoitawo bikai mhuka uye vanhu. Kuitika muvhu chifukidziro bio-mumuviri makemikari pezvakaitwa hazvisi nyore, uye zviri yenhengo muvhu (vachipinda nayo uye dzikabereka izvozvo) uye zvinoenderana chokubereka wayo.

Chii chinoratidzwa kuorera ivhu?

Kubva apa, uye anogumisa kuti kuorera nyika - mano ivhu kupa dzakasiyana kukura uye kubereka zvinomera-siyana akanaka ezvinhu, izvo hakugumiri bedzi pakati nepakati mubatanidzwa unyoro uye nokupisa.

Ancient hwevhu zviratidzo

Symbol wokubereka of Slavs yekare yaiva rhombus yakapatsanurwa schematically migove mina, mumwe chidimbu ari mufananidzo hunomiririrwa pfungwa. Rhombus aireva kurimwa minda, uye pfungwa - akakura tsika dzavo.

chiratidzo wokubereka aisa nhumbi zvokurima basa, pamadziro eimba uye pamusoro pavagere yekare kutenda, upfumi uye nyasha. Mufananidzo unoratidza nedhaimani mune dzimwe nechiyero aiva muvambi weboka yekurima kupinda yoga munzvimbo, uye ipapo munda.

Panguva iyoyo chiratidzo hwevhu ano ndiyo nechiredzo kana gorosi mumunda.

kupatsanura wokubereka

Kubereka - haisi chete chaivo chepfungwa nyika, asi nechiidzo ivhu quality, inova chokuratidza kukosha zvokurima kugadzirwa.

Tiine agronomic nemaonero ndiyo mhando anotevera pamusoro hwevhu;

• dzinongoitika (dzinongoitika);
• chakagadzirwa (inoshanda);
• zvoupfumi.

Dzidziso idzi uye vanotungamirirwa agronomists zhinji ano akaita kuongorora mamiriro wembereko uye, zvichienderana zvichiguma nhamba rinoshandiswa kana kuti mabikirwo kurimwa ivhu anofukidza munda.

Hunhu Fertility

Natural kubereka - iri indekisi ivhu quality, izvo hakuna kupindira kwevanhu, basa uye zvemaziso pfuma, uyewo kwemakemikari uye chicherwa yenhengo siyana. Munguva dzazvino, nhamba iri yepamusoro chete munzvimbo idzi apo haina kuiswa ano rwokugadzira pezvakaitwa munyika kurapwa. The chikamu vaya nhasi yakaderera chaizvo.

Zvinobudirira kubereka - unhu nyika somugumisiro yakananga kuona munhu basa uye zvebhizimisi, zvakanangwa zvinosanganisira zvose agro-hwokugadzira pezvakaitwa vachishandisa michini zvekuvaka reclamation uye, chokwadi, kushandisa fetiraiza - Organic uye chicherwa, uye kunorevawo kuparadza zvipukanana. Zvinobudirira kubereka akasikwa kuti vawane dzakakwirira Goho, uye avo Implementation pamatunhu anodzoka.

Economic kubereka - mumwe mwero ezvoupfumi iwe nyika, inova hwaro kwadzo kukwanisa zvibereko uye maitiro dzimwe nzvimbo zvoupfumi.

Under dzingangoitika nyika kukwanisa kunzwisisa wemishonga dzinongoitika uye vawana zvivako zvavo pamusana kurima nyika murume.

Natural wembereko ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa munguva dzazvino nokuda Kuparadzwa kwokurangana akawanda ivhu nokuda kwazvo michini kwendangariro. Varidzi zvakawandisa ano vari kuedza zvishoma nezvishoma kuibvisa nemasikirwo kudzorerwa ivhu yepamusoro pasina kushandisa agro-hwokugadzira uye agrochemical matanho.

Zvinoitwa hama hwevhu

The Mhando pamusoro dzakanyorwa kushaya anogona kuderedzwa kuti kumwezve rondedzero - hama wokubereka, iyo inoreva nekugona ivhu kwenyika zvokudya dzimwe mhando zvinomera uye vanoramba vamwe. Uye hapana chirimwa kutenderera kunodzivisa nevhu zvakadaro chero zvakanaka mugumisiro.

chaivo All dzinotsanagura ivhu nevhu uye uswa mhando zviri chaizvo akarondedzera uye kuona zvakanaka ehupfumi mumwe mumwe. Pashure pezvose, chirimwa kukura, goho uye zvakasikwa simba nokuda kuorera ivhu, uye, akavapindurawo, kunoenderana mhando zvinomera kukura paivhu pakavha.

Kana kushandura mamiriro muriwo nyika, zvino vakachinja wembereko yavo. Kana kunyatsoongorora dzose dzenyika, tinogona kuona kuti nzvimbo gwenga riri shoma zvikuru pane avo kuti vakazadzwa zvinomera yaingowanikwa kwavari. Nokudaro, wetlands azara mvura-rudo uswa, dondo yecocoa vari yakakodzera acidic podzolic nevhu kana sesaline nevhu. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti zvose mhando ivhu riri Pamuganhu dzinongoitika wokubereka, asi kwete zvinonyatsorehwa indekisi kuongororwa, uye maererano kune dzimwe yemiti.

We kugumisa kuti siyana zvikamu ivhu vane dzisakarurama kubereka munyika kwaniso uye kushanda pachinhu siyana zvirimwa zvakawanda.

Sezvo pane kunzwisisa zvakajeka kuti vamwe nevhu zvinogona akanaka kukura zvimwe zvirimwa, zvinodiwa zvokurima pakati pevara nyika chinangwa inobatsira zvikuru. Zvikurukuru ndiwo yakaorera dema ivhu.

Zvinhu hwevhu

Hwevhu achiumbwa mukufamba kwaro rwokuzvarwa marongerwo uye akatsunga kuita chete features, zvakadai inotonhorera kana manyowa, asi rinotaura zvose zvainyanya yaingowanikwa nayo. Kuorera nomumwe zvikamu kunotemwa kwete chete nokuda mamiriro rokumusoro akaturikidzana ivhu, asi inobvawo pane kudzika mamiriro, hunobata zvinomera pamwe yakadzika midzi.

Saka, vanobereka iri zvachose novimba Profile munyika mugove pamusoro aro okumusoro uye nebani hurongwa pamusoro pamberi pasi, nokunaka subsoil - ivhu kana dzine mabwe. Chinobatanidza hwevhu zviratidzo zvinosanganisira, zvoutachiona uye makemikari zvivako zviri nevhu vavo emuchina wepagore - saizi Kuparadzirwa Profile panyika, nemamiriro ivhu akaturikidzana, mvura-mumuviri zvivako uye zvipenyu zvinoriumba, kupisa Absorção de Água vanokwanisa uye unyoro.

Kupatsanura kwenyika yekurima zvichienderana chinoratidza wembereko

Land inzira huru inoshandiswa mune zvokurima, apo wembereko nguva dzose dingindira guru zuva. It anosarudza remangwana hwevhu chirimwa kutenderera. Kubva kunaka ivhu anogara novimba vakaronga tuso pakukohwa kuedza.

Agricultural nyika - c / X chikonzero kuti zvinosanganisira nomumatondo uye dzokumafuro, deposits, perennial zvirimwa uye wakarimwa.

Hayfields - vari munzvimbo zvinoshandiswa uswa-kugadzira kuitira zvokudya nekushiri uswa munguva yechando kurimwa. Zvichienderana kuorera izvi dzinoiswa mu mafashamu - kupfuura yakapfuma akasvibirira uswa, Upland, Wetland akaoma, vakazadzwa nemiti, kana vari mumaruwa dondo, yakazara nematombo uye clumps artificially akavandudzika mambure.

Mafuro - nyika nzvimbo, izvo aida kuti kufudza mombe muchirimo, muzhizha, mumatsutso kukura nguva. Zvinomera mumafuro riri leaner pane haymaking, nokuda kwomudzimu dzakawanda zvinhu zviite nemombe vakawanda yemiti. Ivowo, akakamurwa Upland uye wetlands, anorimwa akavandudzika.

Kwemakore akawanda yecocoa vari yemichero uye minda bheri, yemizambiringa. Deposits - iri tsva kwerinopfuura gore seeding cropland.

Uye chinokosha zvikuru kwemarudzi munda iri makarima munda, rinoshandiswa yokudyara zviyo, chibage, sunflower, rapeseed, Buckwheat uye nokusima muriwo zvirimwa. Zvichienderana uwandu rwokuzvarwa kubereka munyika arable iri Classified kupinda unodiridzwa, vakapedzwa, zvakakwana nyorova, kwakakanganisa uye aizivikanwa namabwe.

Kunyatsoongorora hwevhu

Zvichienderana inozoshandisirwa kushandisa munda rinoitwa kunyatsoongorora zvavanokwanisa zvivako kuridza imwe nhamba mamwe chirimwa tsika.

nyika Agricultural pavanoparidza chaiwo nengaidzo chirimwa anogona ichazivikanwa noku chokukomborerwa mukuru wevakuru wembereko uye ayo pasi ukoshi. Kubereka vakatsunga dzakananga giravhiti of biomass kuunganidza mu ivhu nokuda integument kukura pane chikonzero oga kana zvimwe zvirimwa.

The chikuru chokukomborerwa wokubereka mune zvokurima kugadzirwa ndiyo negoho arable nevhu. Plot weHurumende rekisteröidy, achiudzawo nhandare rakanaka wokubereka, anosimbisa kukosha aikwanisa chokukomborerwa negoho, zvisingagone igadzikane kana ivhu kuti zvimwe zvinangwa kana hauomereri imwe chirimwa kutenderera pasina depleting kuorera ivhu, asi nekusiyana, anowedzera zvinogona mikana yavo kupa dzakakwirira goho.

Pochvoutomlenie munda

Zvakawandisa Nyanzvi nyika vanodavira kuti kuorera nyika kunowedzera nokuda ano musayenzi uye michina nzira kwayo kurimwa. Zvisinei, kwenguva refu tsika, uye rinoratidza zvinake, kunozivisa kuderera kwayo. Kwete nguva dzose kurimwa munyika pabutiro inotungamirira richengetedzwe chaiwo pakuenzanisa ivhu pakavha muenzaniso.

netsika Mumwe rapera iri imwe nomunda izvozvo anochinja chaivo nokukanganisika Kuronga ivhu uye anosarudza kubva yakawanda muviri. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, mamwe matanho rokudzorera kubereka. Kusimuka kwemvura, kukurwa kwevhu, pasi manyowa tigutsikane uye zvinovaka muviri - mugumisiro unprofessional kurimwa munyika.

Mumakore okutanga kurimwa munyika zvekuvaka kunoratidzwa yakakwirira hwevhu, shure makore mashoma kushanda kwayo uchibatsirwa zvokuimba nokubikwa kunotungamirira chinokosha rutapudzo wenyika indekisi uyu depleting okumusoro akaturikidzana zvevhu, izvo ndokusaka pane zvakasiyana agro-hwokugadzira matanho kudzorera yepanyama nepakati achishandisa chakagadzirwa nzira. Kana pasina zvinoitwa, nyika anorasikirwa kukwanisa kwayo kuti pave dzakakwirira goho uye muitiro inonzi pochvoutomleniem.

kubereka zvinhu

Kubva apa zvinogona vakagumisa kuti kuorera kurimwa munyika kukanganiswa nevamwe zvinhu, kuratidza ukama zvevhu zvigare uye zvirimwa.

Izvi zvinosanganisira iine acid kukosha, ivhu kugutsikana, munyu tigutsikane uye alkalis, kupisa kugutsikana, mvura pamusoro gradient, zvemakemikari uye utachiona ivhu toxicity, kushaya aeration.

Kubviswa uye minimization ari kufurira zvikonzero pamusoro nokurasikirwa hwevhu

Kuvandudza hwevhu ipfupi kune agro-hwokugadzira matanho kuti kudzosa chaiwo pakuenzanisa nyika uye kuderedza matambudziko pamusoro zvinhu:

• pamwe zvakawandisa acidity anoteererwa liming nevhu;
• kana zvakawandisa alkalinity - kislotovanie, gypsum, zvichiita physiologically acidic fetiraiza;
• munyu ane zvakawandisa - Rinsing pasi;
• rurefu nevhu kugutsikana - zvakadzama Tillage, kushanda jecha;
• panguva mukuru arambe achirema ivhu - kusunungura, uswa kurimwa uye ivhu yokuronga patsva sezvamunoita;
• nokusava zvinovaka muviri - kushandisa chicherwa uye Organic fetiraiza;
• kwemakemikari uye chaivo toxicosis - fallowing uye agro-michina nyika reclamation.

Pamwaka ivhu mupfudze

Kazhinji kuwedzera kuorera ivhu Tillage rinoitwa nokushandisa chicherwa fetiraiza. Zviri zvinhu izvi ndiwo anokonzera chisipo chirimwa inotonhorera makemikari.

Spring muchangosangana kunosanganisira kushandiswa senitrogen uye phosphate fetiraiza. Mumatsutso ivhu kunowedzerwa pamwe zvinovaka muviri kubva Organic fetiraiza - mupfudze, mufudze, mupfudze chirimwa.

Kuvandudza kuorera yekurima

Kuwedzera hwevhu kwete chete kunokanganisa pakusangana mu chitubu uye kwematsutso, asi vo yakarurama kuchengeta kukura fetiraiza, nokuti kushaya uye kupfuura kuwedzera kunoratidzwa kuderera munyika yauinayo.

Soil fetiraiza anogara pamwe zviratidzi zvirimwa kutenderera, zvokuimba kukurukurwa uye reclamation mabasa.