Kazhinji bhatiri yemhepo yemotokari. Volt of a charged battery car

Bhati rechargeable (bateri) ndeimwe yezvikamu zvakakosha zvemotokari. Inopa magetsi kumotokari apo motokari inotanga, uye inobatanidzwawo nekushanda kwemamwe magetsi apo injini isiri kushanda: mwenje yesimbi yejecha uye mukati, redhiyo, chiratidzo, pombi yefurairi, nezvimwewo. Mashandiro ehurongwa ose anokwanisa chete nebhateri rakatengesa. Ndokusaka inofanira kushandiswa uye inotakurwa panguva.

Asi kazhinji zvinoitika zvakasiyana. Uya kugaraji kana kupaka motokari, edza kutanga injini, asi pakupindura, nyanzvi inokupa iwe kutinhira kwekuedza kunoshamisa kwekumhanya zvishoma, kana kungoita kuvhara kwe retractor relay. Uye kuwedzera kune zvose, mwenje uri padashboard unoratidza kubudiswa kwebheteri.

Kuti urege kuwira mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvakakosha kugadzirisa kuongorora bhateri, asi kutanga regai tione kuti nei ichibudiswa.

Zvinokonzera kubheta kubuda

Zvinokonzera, nekuda kwekunge kubudiswa kwebhateri, kunogona kunge kwakawanda. Heano mamwe acho:

• Bhati rakashandisa zvakakwana upenyu hwayo;
• Generator haina kushanda;
• Current flowing;
• Kuwedzera mutoro pane girasi yemagetsi;
• Kusabvumirwa kushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi kana injini isiri kushanda.

Sei izvi zvichiitika?

Cherobheri chero ipi ine imwe nyanzvi, kunyange nenguva yekugadzirisa. Mabheteri emanhasi, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda, anogona kushanda kubva pamakore matatu kusvika kune manomwe. Pakupera kwenguva ino, magetsi emotokari yemotokari inotanga kuderera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuparadzwa kwevatungamiri mapepa, izvo, zvinosuruvarisa, hazvigone kudziviswa nenguva. Zvechokwadi, unogona kuedza kudzorera bhati, asi shanda nenzira iyo itsva, haingasviki.

Mukana wekukundikana kwe generator, kuvhara kwemotokari yemotokari yemotokari inotasva, inowira, kana kuti isipo zvachose. Muchiitiko ichi, bhatiri inoshanda mumamiriro ekukurumidzira, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kwete chete kubudiswa kwayo, asiwo kukundikana kwayo.

Ikozvino kuvuza kune chimwe chezvinhu zvinokonzera kukanganiswa kwebheteri. Inogadziriswa nyore nyore kuburikidza nenzira yeamameter kana multimeter inowanikwa mumamiriro ayo. Nekuyera kwemazuva ano pakati penzvimbo yekubviswa kwepasi uye kusagadzikana kwakaipa kwebhetri, sarudza kukosha kwehuwandu. Kana iri pamusoro pe80 mA, unofanira kunge uchinge wasangana nebasa racho kuti uwane kuora uye kugadzirisa dambudziko racho.

Kazhinji vadzidzisi vemotokari vanozvigadzirira kuisa mamwe magetsi emagetsi (masispiti, subwoofers, chiedza chezvinhu, michina yakasiyana-siyana yemagetsi) pasina kunyange kuziva kuti vanopfuura kudarika kwenhamba yemutoro inopiwa nemadhipatimendi epasipoti. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti jenereta inorega kutarisana nemutoro uyu, uye chikamu chayo chakavharwa nebheteri.

Zvinowanzoitika kuti vanodhairi vanoshaya, dzimwe nguva vachibva mumotokari, vanongokanganwa kubvisa zviyero, radio tape recorder, chiedza chemukati kana mamwe magetsi anoshandisa magetsi. Izvi zvisiri izvo zvinokonzera kusunungurwa nokukurumidza kwebheteri.

Nokufamba kwenguva, bateri risina kushandiswa haichazoshandisi kwenguva refu. Kunyange kana motokari yako ine bhati isina kuchengetedza, unoda kugara uchiitarisa uye nguva nenguva uitengesa.

Nzira dzekuongorora nzvimbo yebheteri

Sarudza mamiriro ezvinhu ebheteri mune imwe nzira hazvibviri. Usateerera kune "nyanzvi" dzinoti izvozvo nokuyera mabote emotokari yemotokari kana kuti ikozvino, unogona kugumisa kuti inoshanda. Iyi inzira yakaoma, inosanganisira mabasa anotevera:

• Kuonekwa kunoonekwa;
• Kusarudza kwezinga re electrolyte;
• Kutsunga kwe electrolyte density;
• Battery voltage measurement.

Kutarisa kuonekwa kwebheri

Chinhu chokutanga chaunogona kuita kuti ugadzirise simba rekushanda kwebhetri nderekuriongorora. Kuonekwa kunokwanisa kutaura nezvakawanda.

Mudhaka kushandura nemumvuri uye mvura yemotokari pamigumo inenge isina kugamuchirwa. Inotungamirira kuhutayidi hwehutachikamu hutachiona uye kurasikirwa kwekutengesa magetsi. Pakupedzisira, pane zvakanakisisa, tinogona kuwana kuzvisunungura, pane zvakanyanya - pfupi pfupi. Kana bheti yakasviba, usasvike kuti uongorore kuzvirambidza ikozvino kuti uone kuti unoda kuchengeta hood yakachena. Kuti uite izvi, tora mamita emamita, rega kubvisa bhati kubva mubhatiri, shandisa imwe probe kune imwe yemagetsi, uye shandisai imwe chete pabheteri nyaya. Kukosha kwakaratidzwa pachirongwa chemaameter ndiko kuzvidzivirira kwezvino.

Zvadaro, tarisa pabheri rekeri. Kuvapo kwekuputika uye streaks pairi kunoratidza kukanganisa kwemagetsi kwakakonzera kupera kwe electrolyte. Kana izvi zvikaitika, kushandiswa kwebhateri iyi hakugoni kushanda. Kana paine mavara kubva pamapulagi, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa huwandu hwe electrolyte mune imwe neimwe yetiza uye kubvisa chikonzero chekudira kwayo.

Nzira yekugadzirisa huwandu hwe electrolyte

Chengetedza uwandu hunokwanisa chete mumabhatiriyo anoshanda. Inonyatsorudzirwa kuti isaputse kuvimbika kwebheteri-isina bheteri nyaya yekusarirwa "kuchengetedza".

Kana ibheti iri kushandiswa, inofanira kubviswa, kunatswa kwevhu uye mahwendefa asina kugadziriswa. Chiyero chemazinga chinoshandiswa uchishandisa chidimbu chakakosha nemamita mamita. Inodonhedzwa mumudziyo kusvikira inosangana nebhokisi repamusoro reparadziri, gomba kubva kumusoro rinosungwa nemunwe. Paunodhonza kunze, iwe unogona nyore kuona chiyero che electrolyte. Hazvifaniri kunge zvisingasviki 10 mm. Kana uwandu hwe electrolyte huri pasi pehuwandu hunotarisirwa, unoda kuziva chikonzero chekuderera kwacho. Kazhinji inowira nekuda kwekugara uchibika uye kubuda. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unongoda kuwedzera mvura yakasvibiswa kumiti.

Kana uwandu hwave hwakaderera nekuda kwekuparara kwe electrolyte, unofanirwa kukwira kumusoro kwe electrolyte yakagadzirwa. Mushure mekusimudza bheteri, unofanira kuidzosera zvakare.

Nzira yekuziva huwandu hwe electrolyte

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kugadzirisa magetsi emotokari yemotokari ihuwandu hwe electrolyte. Inogona kuyerwa chete nenzira yechinhu chakakosha-a hydrometer. Iko pipette yakakura ine pearubhi peari kumusoro, chiyero uye kutenderera mukati. Kuwanda kwehuwandu hwezviyero, zvechokwadi, zvinogonawo kuitwa mubhaibheri chete. Asi chii chinofanira kuva chakakosha?

Uwandu hwe electrolyte yebhateri yakakwana yekutengesa pahutambo hwe20 ^° C inonzi 1.27 g / cm ³ . Apo bheteri iri pasi, chiratidzo ichi chinoderera.

Battery voltage measurement

Ndeipi bhateri mhepo yemotokari kuitira kuti utange kutanga injini? Hapana mhinduro chaiyo uye haigoni kuva.

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti magetsi emotokari yemotokari inofanira kuva 12,6-12.7 V. Maererano nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana, chiyero ichi chinogona kuchinja zvishoma, asi kana mutero unowira pasi pe12 V, bhatiri inogona kufungwa kuti yakasunungurwa ne50%. Iyo inoda kukurumidza kukudziridzwa, sezvo kubudiswa kwakadzika kunokonzera kunotungamirira ku sulfation yemapuraneti anotungamirira. Asi kunyange nechiratidzo ichi, kutanga injini kunogona chaizvo. Kunze kwekuti bhateri haifaniri kugadziriswa, uye jenereta inopa mhosva, iwe unogona kufamba zvakanaka. Asi kana iyo moto isingapfuuri 11,6 V, bheteri inofungidzirwa kuti yakasunungurwa zvachose, uye iyo inowedzera kushanda pasina kuongororwa uye kubhadhara hazvibviri.

Hazvisi zvakaoma kuyera bhateri yekutya. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kubvisa michina kubva pairi, uye kubatanidza zvigaro zvevoltmeter kana multimeter mumamiriro ayo kusvika kumagumo, kuisa muganhu we 20 V.

Chii chinogadzirisa kuvhara kwebhati yemotokari. Degree yebheteri kubudiswa

Iye zvino ngativei kuedza kunzwisisa kuti zvigadziriro zvipi zvebheteri zvakabatana. Izvo simba remotokari yemotokari zvakananga kunobva paukuru hwe electrolyte. Kana bhatiri ikasunungurwa, asidi iyo inhengo ye (36%) electrolyte inopedzwa. Somugumisiro, huwandu hwayo hunoderera. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzoitika apo bhatiro inotumirwa: kubuda kwemvura kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kweAsiri, sechikonzero chekuti huwandu hwe electrolyte hunowedzera.

Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemotokari yemotokari yemotokari (12.7 V) inoenderana nehuwandu hwa 1.27 g / cm ³ . Apo imwe yezviratidzo inoderera, imwe inoderera.

Dhiyabhorosi yebhateri voltage maererano neyero electrolyte

Iko kuwanda kwe electrolyte nebhateri voltage kunofananidzwa nekupisa kwemazuva

Kubva kumadzimai emotokari vanowanzonzwa kuti bhatiri yekutya yemotokari muchando inogona kuderedzwa zvikuru. Siyani, vanoti, motokari kwemazuva mashomanana muchitonho, uye zvinhu zvose, saka iwe haugoni kuwana. Ndokusaka vamwe vavo vakatora mifananidzo uye vanotora bhatiri kumba.

Chii chinoitika mukati memabhati pachitsiko chakasvibira uye chii chinogona kutungamirira? Kutaura zvazviri, bhateri yekutya yemotokari haina kuwira munguva yechando. Hungu, huwandu hwe electrolyte hunosiyana, asi nokuda kwebheteri inotengesa inowedzera, uye nokuda kwebheteri yakabudiswa inowira. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana bhatiri ikasunungurwa, inofanira kunge inotorwa kana kutakurirwa pachayo. Kana zvisina kudaro, haisi chete haikwanise kutanga injini iri muchando, inogona kusvibisa electrolyte, iyo inotungamirira kumarara emuviri.

Bhateri rinotengesa haisi kupisa chero chinhu chakadai. Hungu, pane dzimwe nguva kune matambudziko nekutanga injini, asi nekuda kwekuti pane kutsika kwakadzika, kemikemikari inoita zvishoma nezvishoma, saka bhatiri haingawani simba rinotanga kutanga. Asi zvakakwana kuzviunza muhuni uye nekumira zvishomanana, uye zvichave zvakare kugadzirira kushanda sepakutanga. Nokudaro, iyo inowanzovharwa yebhateri yemotokari munguva yechando haisi yakasiyana nemiganhu yezhizha.

Nzira yekubhadhara bhatiri

Pane nzira ina dzekutengesa bhateri. Chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine zvigaro zvayo uye zvisingabatsiri. Ngationgororei.

1. Kutengesa nzira nenzira yakananga ikozvino. Dambudziko rega roga nderokudzora nguva dzose pamusoro pekuita. Chinonyanya kukosha chiri mukuti iyojaja yakagadzirirwa kune yezvino yakaenzana nechegumi yezita remutengo webhateri. Kubhadhara kunoitwa mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri. Pamusana pokuti ibheti ichabhadhara paanenge ari kutengesa, ikozvino kuvhara kuchaderera, saka inofanirwa kugadziriswa maawa mashanu nemashanu.
2. Kutengesa nzira nenzira ine nguva dzose. Iyi nzira inosanganisirawo kubhadhara masikati. Pano zvakakosha kufunga kuti kuvhara kwekutya kwemotokari yemotokari kunobva pauwandu hwekushandiswa kwemhepo. Semuenzaniso, nebhadharo inopfuurira ye 14.5 V kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, bhatiri ichakwaniswa chete ne75-80%, paV V-90%, uye chete pa 16.3-16.5 V bhatiri ichava nenguva yekubhadhara zvizere. Iyi nzira inofungidzirwa yakachengeteka uye inobudirira zvikuru.
3. Akabatanidzwa nzira. Kubhadhara iyi nzira unoda jira rinokosha. Iyo nzira yakanyatsogadziriswa uye haifaniri kudzora kana kuvapo. Ingobatanidza zvigaro uye shandura mhepo. Apo iyo inowanzovhara yemotokari yemotokari inosvika panguva yekugadzirisa, chirongwa chichabvisa pakarepo.
4. Kutsvaira nekukurumidza. Iyi nzira haisati yakurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai. Inoshandiswa muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, apo iwe unoda kutengesa bhatiri munguva shoma inogoneka. Kuti uite izvi, chigadziri chinogadzirisa huwandu huripo iyo ibheti inofanira kukwereta pasina maminitsi makumi maviri. Zvechokwadi, isu hatisi kutaura pamusoro pekubhadhara zvakakwana pano, asi zvichange zvakakwana kutanga injini.