Ivhu hurongwa - dzidziso paruware

Ivhu Vanamakanika ndiko kurangwa kuti vanodzidza kudzikama, simba uye kuoma-kunetseka ezvinhu ivhu zvavo. Uyewo, ivhu hurongwa anoongorora zvinonyatsorehwa compressibility zvevhu akaturikidzana nokugadzirwa kwawo-danho deformation uye kuonana kuramba inochinja. Zvakarurama ukoshi chirango ichi ndiko kushandisa zviwanikwa zvayo pamasikiro uye kuvakwa kwezvivako siyana.

Pakuvaka maindasitiri, hydraulic uye vehurumende engineering, uyewo gungwa, rwizi, pekugara, madhorobha, mugwagwa uye Banga kuvakwa anoshandisa mashoko uye tsvakurudzo zvabuda vakapa ivhu Vanamakanika. Nheyo, akagadzira uye akavaka kufungisisa zvose kunenge ose zvesayenzi anoranga, zvakasiyana simba, akavimbika uye mukurumari. Uyewo, zvinokosheswa ivhu Vanamakanika vari kudzidza uye kugadzirisa matambudziko deformation uye kushinga pasi injiniya zvivako, neyemitenusirwa, uye rutsigiro masvingo.

Ivhu Mechanics - rinofanirawo yokungotaura hwaro yakarurama kukarukureta ose nezvigadziko uye nheyo zvezvivako. Kwakakodzera magadzirirwo kuvakwa nheyo zvikuru pakuti kwakakodzera kunyatsoongorora zvivako mumuviri zvemaziso uye unhu zvevhu arrays ose pfungwa kusarudza nezvigadziko uye nheyo kutaipa hukuru.

Nemaonero chirango ichi mhando dzose ivhu, dzinoshandiswa hwaro hwaro siyana okuvaka vari rakakamurwa dzinongoitika uye chakagadzirwa. Ground arrays zvakasikwa kuwanika anonzi dzinongoitika nechigadziko, uye avo dzave kare vakasungira nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana (silicification, carburizing, smolizatsiey, bituminization, uye zvichingodaro.) - chakagadzirwa chawo.

In kwayakatangira nevhu dzinoiswa sezvinotevera:

• Igneous. Vakasikwa geologic basa nyika (uye kutonhora nemabota kuputika).
• Metamorphic. Akaumba somugumisiro physico-kwemakemikari dzinotsanagura kusanduka igneous kana sedimentary matombo pasi mugumisiro zvinhu zvakadai tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa.
• Sedimentary nevhu. Vari inoumbwa sedimentation.
• Chokunyepera. Ndivo mugumisiro maindasitiri uye zvoupfumi basa.

The nemamiriro ivhu makore, ayo anoongororawo hurongwa pakati nevhu, zvinoratidzwa neDare unaku uye STRUCTURAL maitiro. Soil mamiriro inonzi uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. saizi zvinoitwa ayo constituent okunze, avo chimiro, pamusoro hunhu, uye quantitative nhamba zvakamisa hurongwa hwavo interconnections. The mhando chikuru ivhu zvivako zviri lumpy, nutty, platy, cloddy, scaly, silty mikroagressivnaya uye nevamwe. Huru STRUCTURAL constraints vanoonekwa mvura-colloid mhando uye crystallization. Hazvina kubva parameters izvi kuvimba kusarudza norudzi hwaro uye suitability ivhu gobvu nokuda kuvakwa kwezvivako izvi mhando.