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mbeu Plant anogona kushandisa tuduku "pfungwa" kuvabatsira kusarudza imere kana kuramba vachingotya basa. Izvi runoratidzwa kudzidza zvitsva nesayenzi.

Izvi mbeu "pfungwa" asina zvetsika pfumbu nyaya somunhu, asi kuti dzinoona mashoko inoshandisa chete mashandiro iro basa hemisphere redu. Plants Pazvinoitika kududzira zviratidzo kubva mahormone, kusarudza pavanotanga dzimere.

Plants hausiwe

"Plants hausiwe pakuti vanofanira kufunga uye kuita zvisarudzo, sezvo tine" - akati yokudzidza co-munyori Dzhordzh Bassel, mumwe biologist payunivhesiti yeBirmingham muEngland. Maererano Bassel, vanhu zvisarudzo uchishandisa boka duku dzinokosha mumasero tsinga, iri muuropi.

"Sezvinoita murume akarara mukati mbeu pane vashoma zvikuru masero kuti kuita dzimwe sarudzo. masero aya akafanana mumasero tsinga, "- akati Bassel mu Live magazini Science.

Maererano musayendisiti, vatsvakurudzi anogona rimwe zuva kushandisa pfungwa idzi kutanga mbeu kuti imere panguva iyoyo mwaka neimwe, uyewo kupa mukuru kudzivirira changing okunze.

Zvokudya pfungwa

Pfungwa kuti miti inogona kunzwa, kunzwa kana kuona munyika sayenzi iri zvachose kwete itsva. Vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe imere pasi vamwe maitikiro ruzha kana mhanyisa kukura kwavo, kana pedyo nevamwe kukwikwidza marudzi. Uye, maererano ongororo muna 2007 (zvakanzi inorondedzerwa inonzi Oecologia), miti inogona kukurukurirana mumwe kana vari munjodzi.

Saka, maererano zvipenyu Bassel, pfungwa "kufunga" zvinomera hakusi kure Hadzisi sezvo zvingaita pakutanga kuaona. Mumwe uchapupu kuti yakarurama kubudiswa mashoko pamusoro kwezvakatipoteredza vachishoropodza kuti apone chirimwa, ndiyo nguva mbeu imere.

Basa mbeu

Mbeu vanoumba chete nzira iyo chirimwa kungaita kure zvikuru kubva kukodzera zvakatipoteredza kurarama yakakodzera. Vanogona kufamba kure vari kudyiwa nemhuka, kana kutakurwa nemhepo. Maererano Bassel, saizvozvi chirimwa anoshandisa imwe nzira kufamba munguva uye nzvimbo. MuBasel akati kuti mbeu wakaderera vari pasi semazuva tembiricha kana mamwe mamiriro havana kunaka. Vanokwanisa optimize mikana yavo yokupona.

Plants kufunga mashandiro

Kuti tinzwisise kuti zvinomera zvisarudzo, musayendisiti nevamwe vake akasika digitaalinen atirasi mumwe nomumwe sero tuvana (mbeu) miti notes kana Arabidopsis thaliana. vaongorori ipapo vakanyora mamiriro ayo nzvimbo iyo vamwe mahormone, ave mutemo, dziri mukati mbeu.

Vakawana kuti mahormone maviri kuti vanozivikanwa kuti nezvaanoita kumera, gibberellin (GA) uye abscisic asidhi (ABA), iri kumusoro kuwanda mu muromo embryonic mudzi.

Kubva 3000-4000 masero zviri mbeu kubva munenge 25 kusvika 40, sezviri pachena airidza hukuru basa kubudiswa mahormone izvi. Chimwe chikamu masero kubereka mahormone GA, inopa chiratidzo kuti imere, apo mumwe chikamu masero ari nechokure zvinoberekwa ABA, chiratidzo inosimudzira "kuva mukurota." Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti mahormone vari vakatsinhanisa pakati anonongedzera.

"Kushandisa anonongedzera izvi zviviri zvinopa zvose kukura uye kuamisa", - anoti Bassel muna Live Science.

In vamwe sero kubereka zvakawanda ABA, pane GA. Uye pamwechete kuvandudzika mamiriro ezvinhu ndiwo mbeu pamwero GA kemikari inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma sokuvapo "musimboti sarudzo kuita" mbeu anotanga chiratidzo kuti zviri nani kutanga kumera, pane kuramba vachingotya zororo. mashandiro ichi kunorondedzerwa vaongorori mubasa zvesayenzi, yakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi Proceedings National Academy of Sciences.

kumera nguva

The chikwata Vatsvakurudzi yakasvika hazvizivi shanduko mahomoni yebasa iri miti. Zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti kutyora mahomoni uye achipa chiratidzo yedzimudzangara nguva, mbeu imere anogona kudzora nguva.

"The mbeu kuita mbiri rinopikisa nechepakati zvakaoma dzakaparadzaniswa imwe kure. Uyewo injini cortex hwomunhu vari vaviri vakaparadzana hemispheres kutanga inofamba kana zororo, "- akati Bassel.

"In mhuka, kuparadzana izvi zviviri kunotadzisa netsaona zvairatidza kubva pamuviri tichigombedzerwa kutora sarudzo zvakaipa", - musayendisiti yakati.

Research vaudzewo kuti chirimwa zviparadzanise kumatunhu "kukura" uye "runyararo" zvichiitirwa zvisarudzo zvinokosha kuti kuvapo kwavo, kukurudzira kumera mukati nenguva ambient tembiricha iri dzichichinja. Hazvina kujeka nei tembiricha zvakasiyana kunge zvichikosha kuti zvinomera, asi mumwe zvikonzero iri chokwadi kuti izvi kunobatsira zvinomera kunzwa sei midzi yavo zvakadzama muvhu. The kwakadzama ndivo, ndipo buffered pamusoro tembiricha kuchinja. "Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti tembiricha nokufamba vakachengeta apo kuchinja nemwaka kazhinji. Kuchinja zvinogona kubatsira mbeu kuwana kuchinja nguva ", - akati Bassel.

The commonality pakati miti nemhuka

"Pfungwa nenzanga nemhuka, uropi mamiriro zvinonakidza chaizvo nokuda nemiti uye fauna of zvakajeka hwakabva chete anatomical zvivako," - anoti Bassel. Maererano ichangobva kwesainzi, vanhuwo tateguru zvinomera uye mhuka imwe kamuri, yakafanana algae, imwe nhengo kuti aivapo mabhiriyoni 1,6 akapfuura.

Maererano zvakawanikwa nesayenzi, rakabudiswa muna 2002 mumagazini inonzi Science, zvisinei ichi kukuru shanduka gwanza, zvinomera uye mhuka ushande zvakajairika misimboti, iyo akavapa mukana mukupindura changing kwezvakatipoteredza. "Uye nemhuka, zvakafanira kuti shanduka muitiro, akaderedzwa nenzira yakafanana", - akati Bassel.