Kuenda, Mirayiro

Pavlovsk - St Petersburg - sei kuti chitima

Zvayaiva pedyo neguta-gamba St. Petersburg Pavlovsk - chinhu chinokosha nhoroondo kuchamhembe guru. Vamiririri Vakawanda Russian youmambo vaigara mairi. Tsarskoye tiiviste, Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg - Photos Maguta aya kunozivikanwa dzinoturwa papeji. Nhoroondo yavo yakatanga kusvika nemanomwe remakore. Uye zvino Suburban nzvimbo kuchamhembe guru chiri mapurani mumuzinda uye Park yakaoma, pakati Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk". St. Petersburg Rinobatanidzwa ne miziyamu rwakashodoka mabasa mumunda nemagariro nhaka Russia. Nhongonya zvakaoma ndiye Pavlovsk Palace, aichimbova dzokugara muzhizha Emperor Paul I.

Pavlovsk, nhoroondo yeguta

City Pavlovsk Saint Petersburg nevafambi zvinongova makiromita mashoma kubva Tsarskoye tiiviste, nzvimbo yakapoteredza sandara, navaduku rinopfungaira zvikomo. Between zvikomo nhema mugungwa, mundima kwemasango isina kumbobatwa kukura. Slavyanka River, iyo inoyerera kupinda Neva, aiva mamwe nharo vachida Bookmarks guta, mumazuva iwayo rwizi mvura yakanga yakachena uye yakakodzera zvinodiwa vemo. Saka nzvimbo akasarudzwa kuti pakuvaka muguta Pavlovsk. St. Petersburg - mumunhu gavhuna - dzakatsigira chirongwa, uye kuvaka kwakatanga.

Pavlovskaya Sloboda yakavakwa pamwe yakarurama migwagwa uye nevakabva lyudom courtiers, varanda, nyanzvi dzokugadzira uye vanhuwo zvavo - vanhu vose, vanenge 300 vanhu pamativi ose Slavyanka. Pane zvakare kuvakwa dombo chechi St. Mary, chikoro akasununguka vana uye hombe yakatsiga kwemba.

zvisakamboonekwa

Paul Fortress, inozivikanwa rusvingo pamwe chakasakara masvingo sezvo hondo pamwe yeSweden, akadzorerwa naPauro I nokuda muchiuto chokudzidzisa veuto, uyo ari munhare akararama. Paivawo yemauto varwi '. Ndaiva Pavlovsk uye mumusha wevakaremara zvomumvura Corps weRussia pamwe zvigaro 30, izvo zvakazara maererano youmambo chirevo.

Aishanda rinoyamura muchipatara vanhuwo zvavo 26 mibhedha - vakadzi nevarume, rusununguko kurapwa. Uye pakupedzisira, chipatara uto raishanda pamwe zvigaro 40, iyo Vaigara Paul I.

Iri raiva guta Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg mupurovhinzi mukupera 18 remakore vakasuwa paitonga Prince Paul Petrovich.

ezvivako

Palace uye Park Ensemble "Pavlovsk" yakavakwa pakutanga kwezana rechi18 uye rechi19 emakore, uye zvino mumwe kupfuura nzvimbo mumapaki mu Europe. Pavlovsk Imperial Palace uye pedyo paka zvakaoma dzakavakwa mumakore 50 ari kuvaka vaiitawo ezvivako zvizvarwa zvitatu: Carlo Rossi, munhu Russian mapurani kuItaly mavambo, Giacomo Quarenghi, rokuItari mapurani, muteveri Palladian werudzii mapurani, Vincenzo Brenna, Italian painter pamusoro mapurani kushongedzwa, wokuScotland mapurani Charles Cameron uye Andrew Voronikhin, Russian mapurani, muteveri classicism, mumwe havaoni yeRussian Empire.

mamiriro

Conservation Park Pavlovsk akanga akatambanudzira iri mumupata Slavyanka River, pamusoro dzarwo zvose munzvimbo hectares 600. Pavlovsk nzvimbo iri muzvikamu zvitanhatu:

Central District.
"Star Great".
Munharaunda "Old Sylvia."
"Sylvia New", ruwa yakavakidzana.
"Chemuitiro Field".
"Birch New."

zvokukura kuvakwa

Chikamu chokutanga kuvakwa youshe mupaki rakatanga panzvimbo emapuranga makamuri Paullust muna 1782 pasi auspices ari mapurani Charles Cameron. Pakutanga, imba yamambo iri kwakajairika vanokudzwa Estates zvivako chinangwa zvoupfumi uye dziya diki paki. Zvisinei, Paul I, nokuti iyo, chokwadi, ndokuvaka muzinda yakaoma, murongedzeri haana kubvumirana Cameron pamusoro kukura mupaki uye muzinda pacharo, ramangwana pamambo vaida zvaitoshamisa miganhu. Uye Cameron, pashure kusawirirana zhinji uye kunyange zvinopesana wenhaka pachigaro aifanira kuchinja nzira uye richikura nharaunda kuvakwa. Mumatsutso 1782 akamira huru kuvaka muzinda apera uye parutivi nemavharanda.

The yokupedzisira shanduro yamambo dzokugara

Pakarepo shure kugadza kwaPauro I kusvika ushe (muna 1796) richangobva akaita mambo akarayira zvikurumidze kuchinja zvavo youshe muzhizha, kuti maximize musha wayo uye kushongedza nzvimbo dzakapoteredza maererano ichangoburwa European mufashoni. Anotarisira yoku- racho rakapiwa mapurani Vincenzo Brenna. Kwemakore mana akazotevera Pavlovsky mumuzinda rakavakwazve zvachose.

The mutsva wamambo chaimbova youmambo chancery, uye ake sezvairayirwa Emperor rokutanga vasiyana musha pedyo Pavlovsk - Fedorovsky Posad, Tyarlevo, Red Village uye Lipica nyika uye vanhuwo zvavo. The guta akapiwa murayiro wamambo paakaenda kwehurumende guta, dzinotungamirirwa mukuru superintendent. Kubvira ipapo, mumuzinda vakatanga vapfumi yemichato pamwe balls. Zvisinei, mambo haana vanokwanisa kugara kwake zhizha dzokugara, March 12, 1801 akaurayiwa unoranganawo.

Pavlovsk pashure Paul I

Pakafa Emperor Paul I , chirikadzi yake Maria Feodorovna akagara Pavlovsk. Mumakore 27 ayo kutonga guta park, kunyanya Palace botanical mubindu, yakasvika isati yamboitwa yepamusoro. Kana Empress akafa muna 1828, Pavlovsk vakaguma kuvapo sorudzi youmambo dzokugara. The guta yachinja kuva fiefdom womuduku mukoma Nicholas I, Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, izvo Radel kuti kubudirira Pavlovsk, vachipa kubva mapindu guta yokuvaka dzokugara, yakawanda kuteerera kuvandudzika migwagwa. Apo Mikhail Petrovich akazviratidza rudo nherera uye wakasununguka chikoro chepuraimari.

njanji

City Pavlovsk uye Tsarskoye tiiviste muna 1836 akabatana yokutanga Russian njanji kureba makiromita mashomanana, asi kukosha kwayo kwakanga kwenhau. First "chidimbu chesimbi" raiva yaidhonzwa, uye nokukurumidza pashure pacho akatanga kuenda locomotives. Trips vaiva varaidzo uye vakasununguka. For nezvitima akavaka Pavlovsk Station, iyo gare gare akava mumhanzi vakatozodzokera uye rava nzvimbo nyika-kirasi Concerts. Aidzidza Maestro Iogann Shtraus. Railroad kuvaka, uye mumatsutso 1837 chitima kwakaita vanhu kubva St. Petersburg.

St. Petersburg - Pavlovsk, kana Pavlovsk - St. Petersburg ... sei imomo? mubvunzo uyu vakakurumidza kukanganwa kushanda dzaro veMubatanidzwa kuchiteshi. City yakagara tsars Russian zvishoma nezvishoma ikava mufashoni ruwa vagari kwezhizha St. Petersburg. Munguva pfupi iri kuedza Duke Mikhail Pavlovich akazviratidza muguta: yemitambo, Meteorological Observatory, unyanzvi maberere uye raibhurari.

Muna 1902, yakanga yakavakwa mumwe njanji mutsetse, pamusoro-Vindava Rybinsk mirayiridzo, kwakaitika panguva Tsarskoye tiiviste ari njanji kuna Tyarlevo uye kubva Tyarlevo kusvikira St. Petersburg. Nokukurumidza anenge ose Petersburg intelligentsia vakatanga kuenda uye kuona Pavlovsk uye mutengo makoteji pamahombekombe ari Slavyanka. Muna 1874, hurumende guta rakapa 323 mvumo kuti kuvakwa kwedzimba yezororo.

Pavlovsk Palace: Chronology okuvaka

Construction akatanga musi May 25, 1782, apo nheyo ibwe akaisa pamusoro Imperial Palace.

Year 1783 - akapedza kuvakwa mukuru chivakwa.
Year 1785 - shongwe akavaka maberere pekugara uye hofisi kushandiswa.
Year 1787 - apedza zvizere kushongedzwa mukamuri yamambo.
Year 1796 - the kugadza naPauro I, nekugadzirira mumuzinda Emperor womuchato.
Year 1800 - mumuzinda vakavakazve zvachose.
Year 1801 - kupondwa Paul I pamusana enyika kumukira.
Year 1803 - moto wakaparadza chikamu Imperial Palace.
Year 1805 - kuguma basa kudzorerwa shure moto.
Year 1808 - yokusika mapurani Voronikhin Paaidzidzisa kuti mukati kushongedzwa rinonzi "hofisi-Lantern", Semi-yeraundi rising, akashongedzwa caryatids kubudikidza nomuvezi Demut-Malinovsky.
Year 1824 - akapedza kuvaka Pavlovsk Palace Library.
Year 1872 - pakati pamberi kwemba ndiyo shongwe-chirangaridzo "Paul I".
Years 1942 - 1944 - paki uye nharaunda mumuzinda kunzwisisa Pavlovsk St. Petersburg akanga zvikuru damage German mhepo vachirwisa, uye mumuzinda rakanga nomoto nevaNazi munguva shure kwavo.
1957 - vakatakura kunze post-hondo kudzorerwa chikamu zvakaoma, wakazarura vakaparadzana dzimba mumuzinda nevoruzhinji.
1978 - kudzidza wakakwana kudzoreredzwa Imperial Palace, imwe mapurani kunzwisisa "Pavlovsk" akanga paakavapa ari Order "Badge Kukudzwa".
Year 1983 - muzinda uye paki kunzwisisa "Pavlovsk" vakagamuchira mamiriro miziyamu-chengetedza.

Pari yakasimbiswa shoko Pavlovsk - St Petersburg chitima It anosvika Vitebsk Station. The neizvi zvinogoneka kusiya chitima. Kubva ipapo, pamusoro forecourt, unogona kuenda pose pose nebhazi kana tekisi. Asi kuna Pavlovsk - St Petersburg chitima - kupfuura kutengeka uye yakavimbika kwadzinoita zvifambiso. Inongova kwamira shoma, rinenge sezvo nokukurumidza.