Inoisa zvizvarwa nokuti motokari zvakasiyana zvinoti: yokutsiva, kugadziriswa, kugadzwa

Cranking inoisa crankshaft pfungwa yakajairika zvakakura kukuvara injini. It haitungamiriri kukundikana kwayo, asi zvazvinoita vaita. Next, funga zvinhu nenheyo nokushanda inoisa, uyewo yokutsiva ravaIndia inoisa.

tsananguro

Indigenous inoisa - injini zvinhu kunoratidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope mabheyaringi kuti vakaomerwa axial misha yacho crankshaft uye kuti tenderera ari crank magazini ari humburumbira nechigumbuso.

musimboti oparesheni

Pamasikiro motokari yave kubatwa zhinji zvinhu Rotating. Shungu Kutenderera inopiwa pokushandisa mabheyaringi. Most doro monica injini kutenderera chikamu ndiyo crankshaft. Saka, zviri akatasva mabheyaringi, pamwe inonyanyoshandiswa kushandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope mabheyaringi. Modern mashoko ichi mhando ndiyo simbi machira ane antifriction unhani. It inoisa mudzi.

The marudzi inoisa

Uyezve, pane zvizvarwa unobatanidza tsvimbo mabheyaringi. Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa pavo.

Kunze yechipiri inoisa Anopiwa annular grooves. Details of avhareji Rutsigiro vakwanise vamwe. Total vakadaro inoisa 10: 4 chete paburi 6 uye kwete. The humburumbira pokugara ari grooved unzenza mashizha vakatasva kukuru uye mumwe pasina nzvimbo yechitatu. Akasara hwavapo ari mudzi chivharo.

Unobva tsvimbo mabheyaringi ose dhayamita zvishoma. Ndivo zvakaenzana, saka tiri kuchinjaniswa uye havana circumferential grooves. The muwedzero shamhu akatasva vane aperture pachifunhiro charo uye pasina.

Special zvinhu

Kit zvemo inoisa akatasva ari yakamisirwa chinzvimbo panzvimbo chaiyo inonzi mubhedha. Kudiwa wakaiswa kugadzwa nokuda zviviri. Chekutanga, vamwe inoisa vane gomba mafuta, uye ivo vanofanira kuva pamwe migero zvakafanana pamibhedha yavo. Chechipiri, rinobvumira kukweshera zvikamu akagadzirira chinangwa ichi hukawanika.

Features kushanda

In oparesheni, injini liners inozviisa tinyanye kunetseka nokuda yakawiriranwa kukweshera zvikamu izvi. Naizvozvo, kuisa mudzi inoisa inofanira kuumbwa zvakasimba wakaiswa kudzivirira misha yacho kutenderera crankshaft. Kuti aite izvi, tora matanho:

• Chekutanga, funga kukweshera unhu vaiona zvikamu, iyo inoratidza pacharo pavanenge Vaiisa imwe pasi mutoro. kukosha kwayo pakutsvaga kukweshera coefficient uye kukosha mutoro pamusoro kuwirirana zvikamu. Naizvozvo, kuti tive nechokwadi yakavimbika chengetedzo inoisa vanofanira kuderedza dzavo pakunzwisisa crankshaft. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kunoderedza kukweshera coefficient nokushandisa zviri antifriction zvokunyama, iro rinoshandiswa pechiso inoisa.
• Chechipiri, zvizvarwa inoisa dzinoitwa mechanically pasi. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, nzira mbiri. zvinhu izvi vari akatasva ane chipingaidzo zvakakodzera, tsanangurai zvinovaka. Kunze, mumwe nomumwe wavo ane mamwe maatomu akafanana inonzi tendril, kushumira kuti vazvichengete.

miganhu

Uchitikurudzira parameters vanofanira kuziva kuti, kugovera tightness ndezviya kuisa mudzi inoisa. Kukura zvinhu izvi vanosarudzwa inobva dhayamita pamubhedha. By parameter ichi inoisa vari mapoka mapoka saizi, rokuti iyo iri mubhuku kupenda.

On kukura mudzi inoisa crankshaft rakakamurwa chezita uye kugadziridza. Kune zvina kukura kugadziriswa ine musiyano pakati 0.25 mm. Kushandiswa, kana yokutsiva rinoitwa kuti yakabwinyiswa crankshaft maererano ukuru hwaro.

Zvinokonzera kudzikira

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kana injini paminiti injini yakakura liner frictional simba nguva dzose nemabasa achifudza kubvisa kubva nzvimbo yepakutanga. In kwokutanga mamiriro zvakakodzera simba injini zvikamu akagadzirirwa ane kumahombekombe, kuti kukurira mitoro yakadaro. Nokuti simba zvidzidzo anosvika 200 litres. a. voltage pamusoro muwedzero siyana kubva 0.1 1 kgf. nokukura yayo Proportional kuti mutoro simba ari pane imwe nekukakavadzana coefficient.

Kunze inoisa kukuru kudzivirirwa mu kuti uchishandisa kwadzinoita emura kukweshera. Izvi zvakabatsira achishandisa mafuta, iyo pave firimu pakati nomubato mutsipa uye nokushanda pechiso muwedzero. Saka aiona zvinhu vanodzivirirwa yakananga kuonana, uye shoma frictional simba kunoitwa. mafuta firimu inotungamirwa mwero iri pakutsvaga yakawiriranwa misha kuti vachidzipukuta zvikamu. With kwayo yakawedzera hydrodynamic kukweshera kuwedzera nzira. Izwi vanoziva kuwedzera kunyatsoshanda ane tightening firimu pakakoromoka uye kuwedzera pakukora kwayo Somugumisiro. Zvisinei, pamwe raiwedzera vanowanika chipiswe kukweshera kunowedzerawo kumhanya zvikamu, uye saka mafuta tembiricha inowedzerawo. Izvi zvinoguma fura rive dete, mauri firimu ukobvu kunoderedza. Naizvozvo, nokuti optimum kuita munofanira kuzadzisa pakati nepakati kudzokorora kwacho.

Kana kutyora kuvimbika mafuta firimu kukweshera coefficient inowedzerawo. Somugumisiro, cranking torque zvinoberekwa crank mugodhi rwuchiwanzwa, kunyange pasi kugara mutoro.

Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva pane neizvi mamiriro, kana yakawedzera nechikonzero mutoro zvinotungamirira zvinoderedza nemafuta firimu ukobvu. Uyewo somugumisiro kuwedzera tembiricha, kunyanya kukweshera wongoramba. Somugumisiro, mafuta ari liquefied, mberi achidzikisa pakukora.

azvaiitwa angava interconnected uye kuonekwa pamwechete. Kureva, mumwe wavo ungava mugumisiro mumwe.

Naizvozvo, panguva iyoyo kuti cranking viscosity mamwe mafuta yekudyidzana kukanganiswa. Kubatana pakati izvi zvinhu zviri zvakananga Proportional, kureva yepamusoro zviri kunonyanya simba kukweshera. Uyezve, kana mukuru viscosity mafuta achikanganisa inowedzerawo. Zvisinei, kana mafuta kunyanya viscosity haina yaipiwa yakakwana kwazvo iri kukweshera rokufambira, saka kuti pakukora mafuta achikanganisa ipfupi. Somugumisiro, mugumisiro mafuta viscosity pamusoro vachishandisa kutenderera inoisa hazvigoni kutsunga zvisingarevi zvakawanda. Naizvozvo, kufungisisa zvimwe zvinhu zvokunyama: lubricity, iyo inoreva simba coupling dzaro nokushanda pamusoro.

The coefficient pamusoro kukweshera iri pakutsvaga geometry zvakarurama uye roughness ari kunyorera hukawanika, uye kuvapo ari mafuta ose dzimwe inoramba. Kana kuvapo inoramba iri girisi kana pamusoro hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka zviri firimu iri anetseka, zvichiguma dzimwe nzvimbo kunoratidzwa yakavhenganiswa kukweshera ezvinhu. Uyezve, izvi zvinoita kuoneka kupfuura zvikuru pakutanga nokushanda motokari kana pane kuparadzana-ari kumwedzi zvidimbu, saka kukweshera zvikamu iyi vari kunyanya kugumbuka kushushikana.

Uyezve, zvizvarwa liners crankshaft vari zvayaitenderera paguyo nokuda kukwana achiedza, vakabata navo pamubhedha. Zvingava nokuda kugadzwa ane vasina kana kuva mugumisiro yabvaruka somugumisiro matambudziko cranking torque.

cranking liners

Kazhinji pane misha ravaIndia inoisa pamwe kugadzwa anoisa crankshaft (cranking). Izvi zvingava zvakafanira kuti kuderera kuti kukanganiswa, ari kuramba uinacho zvikamu vaionekwa pamubhedha, pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu pamusoro zvinhu, uye mumwe tunonzwa iri kushomeka kubata.

Nokuvhiringidzirwa mubhedha zvemo inoisa zvinogona pakutsvaga zvinhu zvakadai matsi simbi anogogodza panguva injini oparesheni uye kumanikidzwa madonhwe ari lubrication mugadziriro.

kugadzira

Yokutsiva zvemo inoisa zvaida anoita zvipanera uye screwdrivers uye Mika. Repair zvemo inoisa zvinosanganisira kushandiswa akawanda.

• Chokutanga, unofanira kupa kuwana pasi mumotokari. Kureva, unofanira gadza pamusoro gomba vakaongorora kana chikuva.
• Sezvo bhatiri rongedza yabviswa akaipa kutungamirira zviteshi.
• Humwe dismantling of injini mafuta pani (ndiyo nyore nzira kuwana, unokwanisa kutanga disassembly pamusoro pamusoro uye ugoisa injini).
• Zvadaro, humburumbira rinobviswa necheshure crankshaft mafuta chisimbiso pedhi.
• Ipapo camshaft nemotokari butiro yabviswa kubva gasket.
• Ko zvino kubva sprocket-crank chisimudziso cheni.
• Uyezve zvakafanira unotara yakawiriranwa urongwa hama kuti vakatakura nguwani uye humburumbira tsvimbo pasi nguwani yavo.
• Zvadaro kiyi muna 14 vakakosa unobatanidza tsvimbo chivharo nati uye bvisa kubva liner.
• akavhiyiwa izvi inodzokororwa matanda zvose.
• Panopera pechifukidziro chiri slid kumusoro.
• Zvadaro tora kubva pamudzi nzeve nguwani uye unobva varohwe.
• Next, kiyi muna 17 vakakosa kukurova Mabutiro okunyanyisa mabheyaringi zviri crankshaft.
• First gujunura kavha rokupedzisira pavo.
• Inopa kuwana kuramba hafu mhete paburi iri rwemberi crankshaft mabheyaringi. Ivo vanobviswa nokutsikirira migumo nhete sikurudhiraivha.
• akavhiyiwa aya kudzokororwa akasara kubereka nguwani. Saka zvinokosha kubata crankshaft. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chivharo vari varehwa nhamba, uye kuverenga kubva crankshaft yacho sock.
• Zvadaro yabviswa kubva casing.
• First unobatanidza tsvimbo inoisa akapora uye ipapo kukuru nokusazvibata crankshaft.
• Crankshaft vanofanira kuongorora kuti kukuvara. Kana ivo varipo, kuti chinhu change.
• Uyewo kuongorora unobatanidza tsvimbo uye mudzi nguwani nokuyera munhu micrometer. The vakawana date vari correlated pamwe tabulated.
• Kana zvakakodzera, ukuye zvikamu. Pakadaro tinofanira kuyerwa kuverenga kwavo kugadzirisa saizi inoisa.
• Crankshaft yakaidzwa Flushing pamwe eparafini uye vachiridza in.
• Ipapo akaisa mutsva kubereka anoshongwa.
• The mubhedha akatakura kubereka wechishanu vakatasva zvindori hafu kuramba ari grooves kusvika crankshaft.
• Next, tarisa Clearance pakati penhindi izvi. Inowanzotorwa ukoshi anonzi 0,06-0,26 mm. Kana zviri kupfuura 0.35 neMM, uchishandisa chindori yakawedzera ukobvu.
• The crankshaft akatasva mune chidhina kare azora.
• Zvadaro Gomo rine nguwani uye tarisa crankshaft kutenderera rusununguko.
• It akaisa matanda, liners uye nemikombe.
• Zvadaro Gomo mafuta sump pani.
• Zvadaro kuisa crankshaft pedhi rwemberi mafuta chisimbiso.
• Pakupedzisira, akaisa mashoko yasara.
• Panoperera makakatanwa kuchinja nguva cheni, bhandi jenareta uye kuvesa nguva.