Great Galileo: nheyo relativity uye zvokuimba kutendeuka

The Italian musayendisiti mukuru uye musayendisiti Galileo Galilei aiva inogara nhoroondo kukanganisa kukura kwete sayenzi chaizvo: wefizikisi, hurongwa, nezvenyeredzi, asi yakatangawo dzimwe nheyo dzinokosha kuti kukura nesayenzi zvavo, nheyo relativity Galileo, Galileo kwakaita kushandurwa akava chinokosha simba pamusoro paumbwe ano mufananidzo wenyika.

Scientific zvakawanwa vavariro Galileo relativity musimboti kubvunzurudzwa vakanamatira Masvomhu kuratidza kumhanyisa inofamba miviri. Zvinozivikanwa kuti pasina kumhanyisa mu sangano hurongwa hama kune imwe bhuku gadziriro, kumhanyisa muviri panyaya zvose izvi hurongwa vachava kuramba.

Sepakutanga, maererano nomutemo Newton vake, yaiti kuti ndicho chikuru kumhanyisa parameter ichirondedzera kinematics muviri (mutemo 2 Newton raMwari), uye mauto anogona kubatsirwa chete pamusoro chinzvimbo uye kukura velocities muviri. Galileo akabvunza kutsamira pasi kuti iyi, vose equations makanika kutora yakafanana iri chero bhuku hurongwa. A mashoko anoisa Galileo, nheyo relativity rinoti mitemo makanika havagoni kuvimba apo munyika ivo vadzidza nesu. Pfungwa iyi inogona kuva nyore kufungidzira nechiito kunotevera.

Somuenzaniso, kana iwe kuitisa chero kuedza panguva imwe chete dzimba mbiri apo munhu ichifamba hama nepedyo, mugumisiro kuedza kwedu kuchava saizvozvo vose makamuri.

The zvinodiwa akagadzira pedyo Galileo, nheyo relativity, kunge vakanzwisisa sezvo asina uchapupu. Pamwe nemitemo Newton, Galileo, Zvakawanikwa izvi, uyewo atendeuka, aiva chinokosha simba pamusoro pokumuka makanika somunhu sainzi.

MuGarirea kushanduka mumunda makanika uye akapotsa achinja vazhinji nezvaiva pfungwa vamba pamusoro zvemaziso kwendangariro. Kunyanya, mitemo rinoronga transformations kuti kuitika kuchinja kubva pepuranga mumwe, dzinoda nguva vakaenzana, uye saka rinokoka pfungwa "nguva kwakakwana". Muchiitiko chino, chii chiri vaizviti Galileo, nheyo relativity, izvozvo anoita se nyaya inokosha pamusoro Lorentz mafungiro uye rinoshanda chete velocity diki (hama velocity chiedza, Chokwadi).

Zvinofanira akati kuti vasati Galileo kwakaita wefizikisi kunenge kwose aidzidza mabasa Aristotle, izvo vakanga kubvumirwa zviri dzisiri pamuviri hunhu uye murume. Mugore dzakananga nyaya wefizikisi, Aristotle Somuenzaniso, ataura kuti mwero nokuwa ane muviri Proportional yayo uremu uye kuti chero kufamba kunoitika chete chero bedzi pachena kuti "anotikurudzira" zvakananga. Galileo akaramba Zvakawanikwa izvi uye akagadzira kwakarurama pezvakaitwa izvo anoratidza kuitika zvechokwadi uye nokukurumidza zvichienderana muviri uremu panguva yayo kufamba.

Articulated zvemaziso muGarireya relativity musimboti yakatanga wakatangwa mubhuku rake rinonzi "Dialogue Pamusoro Two Chief World Systems." In chinonyanya nyore zviri nokuti zvinhu kuti vatamire noruvara, kufamba izvi hazvina chokuita zvinhu chete avo kuti havabatanidzwi kufamba ichi. Mashoko aya akamutendera kuti kuramba zvachose dzimwe postulates Astronomical heliocentrism, iyo yaiti chokuti Kutenderera paNyika kunokanganisa mararamiro zviitiko kutora nzvimbo pamusoro payo.

Chokwadi kuti Galileo vakati, nheyo relativity, ayo mechanistic kuchinja yokufungidzira kwouzivi akava hwaro kuwanikwa mitemo mizhinji wefizikisi pashure pokufa musayendisiti mukuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, mitemo kuchengetedza simba, mitemo yacho zvakavamba kuchinja famba uye kakawanda yavaive, iye ataura, uye akatoumba chinokosha chaiko pfungwa, sezvo kwekanguva simba.