Goody - munyengeri

Shoko "munyengeri" - ichi akauya kwatiri kubva kuna Turkish mutauro remade shoko «chadzy» (Haji). Musoro "Khoja" anoremekedzwa murume akaita kunonamata Mecca uye Medina - guta dzvene vaMuslim zvose. Ndadzoka kubva parwendo rurefu, vakaita kubva vavariro vatsvene, roupilgrim aiva nekodzero kupfeka chena ngowani - chiratidzo chokuti akasvika tsvene Kaaba ibwe. Sezvo vanhu vakadaro kwose anozikamwa Islamic nyika, vakawanda vanoda kunyoresa Hajji kwete kuti tisvike Holy Land, asi nokuda kukudzwa, iyo vachange akadururira kudzoka vomunyika.

In Russian, shoko "munyengeri" aimbova munhu asina kukosha. Sezvo vokuTurkey akadana vanhu vakanga dzakaonekwa kunyanya umwari, zvakare moralizatorstvovat, takadzidzisa kurarama, asi zviri kuratidza kuti chaizvo kure nevatambi vaizviti chitendero. Vachengeti tsika uye zvakaitika kuti libertines uye vanoshinha vanotaura manyorero yakapfuuridza nehasha uye Puritanism kunge muumbozha nekusazvidzora.

Asi vokuTurkey havasi vokutanga kuona kuti uMwari ane unyengeri. MuEvhangeri, pane uchapupu vazhinji vevaya "akanyepedzera kunyengeterera kwenguva refu" kuona vanhu, uye vaya "anoona wowokwake ziso danda, uye ziso rake anocherechedza uye matanda." "Vanyengeri" kwakadaro Iisus Hristos akadana "vaFarisi" uye akazivisa kuti: "nhamo imi" Nokuti munosuka kunze, asi mukati muzere yekuipa nekutadza. Asi "muFarisi" - yakare zvinoreva shoko munyengeri, uyewo pakutanga haana kwakafanana nounyengeri. It raiva boka kunyanya akazvipira, nokuziva Torah uye Talmud, pavanaRabhi, "vanyori". Vanodzidziswa mumasinagoge avo, uyewo vaRevhi.

In Chirungu munyengeri - munhu bigot, mumwe murume wokuGermany - Scheinheiligkeit. Sezvaunogona kuona, chinhu kubva Turkish Hodja kana kuvhangera muFarisi. Zvisinei, mumutauro wokuGermany kunogona kurondwa chiratidzo unyengeri hwechitendero, chenhema utsvene. MuRussia kwenguva refu muna zvakafanana ne "munyengeri" kushandisa shoko rokuti "pustosvyatstvo", asi gare gare akava zvekare, uye tinoziva sei: unyengeri aenda mhiri ndege kwechitendero uye vakatamira munzvimbo yokuvimbika, tsika, mushoko rimwe, mune nzvimbo rokunyika tsika.

Kana isu ongorora mabhuku mabasa, apo pane unyengeri vatambi ( "Tartuffe" by Moliere, "Upenyu" Maupassant, "Hanzhushka" Kuprin, "mabhanan'ana" Ostrovsky uye mamwe mabasa New Age, tinoona kuti munyengeri - uyu zvikuru rokunyika murume, vaizviti mutarisiri chaiyoiyo pakati Puritan tsika uye yetsika uye tsika.

Sezvineiwo, kumadokero uye American tsika neshoko bigot iri zvakabatanidzwa chokuita rusaruraganda uye kuramba ngochani kuroorana. Saka munhu "vanhu chaiko enyika" kushandurwa rokuti "munyengeri": ichi ndiwo munhu ari achipupuma furo kucharatidza kuti haasi musaruraganda uye anoremekedza kodzero ngochani uye lesbians, apo asi angadai kuuraya mwanasikana wake pane kubvumira kwake kuroorwa dema kana kuroora musikana. American vanhu anoziva rigorists vakawanda vanotsigira kuti kuti "The Adventures pamusoro Tom Sawyer" varara kusenza anotaura shoko "Negro" uye kurambidza mutambo "The Merchant pamusoro Venice" by Shakespeare, nekuti ipapo kunoitika kururama enyika shoko "muJudha," uye chaizvoizvo kuva vatema uye vaJudha kuzvidza uye kurambwa.