"Finita the Comedy!": Izvi zvinoreva akakurumbira mutsara

"Mharidzo yapera!" - tinoti ndyaringo, kana apedza vamwe zvisakafanira, nyaya dzisina. Kazhinji, pakadai, tinoshandisa mashoko anenge refu kubva kuva mapapiro chii kwayakatangira, chii zvirevo izvozvo enfolds uye kakawanda sei kushandiswa "Finita the Comedy!" - hurukuro iyi.

pari, kuridza

A Blueprint kuti kopi rakanyorwa nemabhii Russian, pasina rokushandura Mashoko okuti finita the commedia, iyo rwunoverengerwa kuti mutauro Italian - "yakabatana isiri the Comedy". Translation ndiyo - "kuti mutambo yapera." Zvisinei, maererano zvivakamutauro mitemo mutauro wokuItaly, zvakarurama kuti: La commedia E finita. Ndizvo chaizvo unonakidza mashoko okuti "yakabatana isiri the mutambo" mumutauro wokuItaly chii.

End of nyaya!

Sezvo aya akanga kugadzikana mumutauro wokuRussia, nyanzvi dzemitauro anoreva kuti muchikwata Mitsara. The ukoshi basa humboo dimikira semantically chokuita mumwe yakagadzikana okuti "kutamba-chiito" - izvo zvinoreva unyengeri, vanoedza kutsausa. Kana mumwe munhu haana kukudza, akafukidza zvakanaka masirogani zvakaipa, uye izvi zvakanga mugumo, zvakakodzera kuti: - zvinoreva kuti "mutambo yapera, ikozvino zvose achawira munzvimbo, uye chokwadi acharatidzwa" "Finita the Comedy!" .

hwogumisa

Pane izvi phraseologism nezvimwe lexical matauriro. Ngatitii mumwe munhu munyaya zviitiko umo akapiwa basa vakakodzera okutsiura. Kana iye rinobatanidzwa mhosva ezvinhu sezvo chikamu uye vakatambudzwa. Zvadaro, muna mhedziso zviitiko izvi, munhu uyu anogona vachiti: "Finita the Comedy" - izvo zvinoreva: "Uyai, pfungwa, Basta" wokupedzisira shoko, nenzira, zvakare, akauya kwatiri vachibva kuItaly - kana pane, kuti akazotsiviwa kwayo, mutauro Latin. Basta rinoreva "zvakakwana Zvaringana".

Kana mashoko rakatangwa

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti yakakurumbira shoko "Finita the Comedy!" Wakauya kushandiswa pashure akazviratidza dhanzi "Pagliacci" (munyori - Ruggero Leoncavallo). Zvisinei, nenguva, chinyorwa ichi haritsigiri: ndechokuti muverengi Russian akaona mutsara uyu yokufungidzira Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova "Hero Chenguva Yedu". Dimikira akaridza kubva miromo Pechorin shure ndokupfura uye akauraya shamwari yake ari duel Grushnitsky. The nganonyorwa rakanyorwa kwete paya pane 1840, uye kuratidzwa kwe "Pagliacci" dhanzi akatora Papera anenge hafu yezana remakore, muna 1892.

"Pagliacci"

The dhanzi kunotanga unconventionally: panguva Musical okusuma pamberi kunyange akavhara mifananidzo pachikuva chigure pakarepo anooneka uye anonyevera vateereri kuti dhanzi rakafuridzirwa upenyu pachahwo, uye ayo dingindira - manzwiro zvechokwadi uye chido. Ipapo keteni anovhura uye mharidzo inotanga. Zano iri papfungwa yokuti zvakanyatsobatana rudo, negodo uye rufu muupenyu chaihwo uye yemitambo mutambo vatambi mbeya troupe. Clown Tonio ari murudo Nedda comedienne, mudzimai mutambi uye hondo troupe Canio. Iye anoramba kupfimbwa munhu chigure, achipa kupfuura vechiduku murimi mudiki Silvio. Stung ne Tonio inozivisa murume womukadzi zvakaipa, uye iye akagumbuka nenhokwe kuti mutengesi nebanga. Asi nguva mharidzo, uye zvakafanira kuenda pachikuva. "Ndiyo nguva kutanga, nguva kupfeka sutu!" - chimwe yakakurumbira CARCHI ari dhanzi nyika.

The Columbine koshitomu Nedda kuburikidza nyaya vakaridza mhere mutambo kuvarimi vanobvuma kuti pachako Harlequin anoda, kuzevezerana chete mashoko ichangopfuura Canio anzwa ari motokari, apo Nedda pamwe Silvio vakabvumirana assignation. Canio muna Pagliacci basa, kunze pachake kutsva uye godo, anotanga Columbine-Nedd nezvaidiwa kuzarura zita rake anoda, iye anoedza kuseka uzvirasire kuridza mutambo mberi kuvanda kukura kwebasa raro chinokatyamadza. Asi Canio haasisiri chiseko, uye upenyu. Haatenderi wake mukadzi kubva padanho iri nehasha nebanga wake nebanga. Kufa, Nedda anodana mudikanwi, akakwakuka pasi kubva chauri zvigaro, Clown uye iye anouraya. Kana kuzununguswa Canio anosiya pamaoko nebanga, kuti chigure rikabuda vateereri nemashoko: "The mutambo yapera."

Ndaida kutaura Pechorin?

Hunhu nemaitiro ane zita rine nezve mumwe hunhu yaitonga ake, uyewo inoshamisa gamba - Onegin ( "Eugene Onegin" itsva ne A. S. Pushkina), vaine individualism uye huru yomudzimu zvinogona. Sharp pfungwa, nyika vapfumi yomukati uye akanaka nomunhu kuri muna Pechorin haana kuwana mhinduro uye chikumbiro, asi nokuti "anovava", yakazarawo shungu mweya uyu. Grushnitsky kupfura, mufananidzo wacho akasika sechinhu zvinyorwa zvokupikisa mufananidzo Pechorin, kuti protagonist kwakaoma hwake. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chimiro anoti yakatofanana hakusi French, sezvo yaiva tsika pakati kwamachinda panguva iyoyo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mashoko ake Pechorin akaisa vakaperera manzwiro - ndyaringo uye marwadzo. Sezvineiwo, mashoko okuti "yakabatana isiri the mutambo" muna French ruzha: compacte the comédie.

Location Lermontov kwakaita gamba akatora mashoko aya

Vaongorori vanodavira kuti Pechorin parodied mashoko weRoma Augustus, izvo akati ava kutandadza: kana vanoona kuti anonyatsorayiridzwa vairidza mutambo upenyu? Mutongi akatora mazwi kubva Italian mutambo wenyika Masiki (commedia Dell taide).

Commedia dell'arte - pevairwara yemitambo kuratidza zvesimba ari ungana nzvimbo guta. Specificity waiva pamberi chete zvifukidziro, vachiisa izvo vatambi zvinochinjwa kuva hunhu zvachose - Harlequin Pantalone, Columbine, Tartaglia, etc. Chimwe chinokosha yemitambo Del taide akanga improvisation :. Mifananidzo kuridzwa uri kupiwa zvimiso zano dhayagiramu iyo vemifananidzo anoitwa pakarepo.

Lermontov akanyora kuti, maererano nengano, guru munyori French of Renaissance Fransua Rable akati asati afa anenge mashoko chete kuti Agasto, achida kusimbisa kuti vose upenyu yaiva yemitambo, "kuti mutambo iri kuridzwa pasi neketeni." Pechorin somunhu yakadzidza uye zvakanaka kuverenga Chokwadi, vaigona kunge vachiziva nhoroondo Zvikamu izvi.

The yemaitiro nokuti Genre

Chimwe tsanangudzo nei gamba mabasa Lermontov aigona kutaura mashoko okuti "Finita the Comedy!", Ko kubvuma mabhuku kuti yokufungidzira kunobva norudzi zvinoshamisa chiito. Izvi kunyanya nyaya yechokwadi "Princess Mary," izvo wakaridza uye mashoko. Pano Pechorin, akanyora dhayari ake kupfuura zvakavanzika anokunyengedzera zvaanorumbidza uye sangano pakunamata, mabasa ari musiki uye muiti wake unongotaura. Saka, mashoko okuti "Finita the Comedy!" - ndiwo leitmotif kuti anosarudza zvinorehwa nenyaya-rokuti nyaya.

epitaph

Pamusangano pamwe Pechorin pamusoro pemvura Grushnitski akaratidza kwaari credo French - kwete kuzvidza vanhu, anovenga kwavari zvimwe upenyu hwaizova zvinosemesa farce. Farce - a Ages areal mutambo, tsika uye haana kuoma pedyo guru pfungwa. Saka Grushnitski akaratidza asingashiviriri chido ipfuure vanhu uye rikwanise nokutya nokuzvidzwa. Pechorin vazive umbimbindoga uye posturing. Uye kuti akanga ari munhu asina kufanira kupinda muenzaniso ukama nyika, kwakasimbiswa pana Grushnitsky, uye akamira panzira yake. Nekuti iye akadanidzira, vakamira pamawere, vaviri vavo kuti hakuna nzvimbo pasi pano, uye zvino akati iye anoshora uye anovenga Pechorin. Akapfura Pechorin hwogumisa farce ichi, mutambo akatadza upenyu gamba, vakabva manyawi kuona chisingakoshi dzavo: "Finita the Comedy" Pasina mubvunzo, mashoko aya, uye iye aishanda pachake. Asi hatigoni kutaura kuti Genre ari kutamba, iri kuridzwa kunze muupenyu Pechorin - ari farce. Saka, zvine musoro kutaura mashoko acho anoenda yakadzika kukosha epitaphs "pamusoro guva" zvose zvisiri uye zvenhema nzira yokuva.

Kumboona kuti Italian shoko

Meet okuti "Finita the Comedy!", The kukosha iyo zvinopinda yechinangwa pfungwa-pamusoro apa, unogona mumabhuku mabasa mazhinji. Chiremba wake anoti ASTROFF pazuva kuenda Professor Serebryakov wake, Zvinoshamisa kusimbisa kusava nomusoro zvinhu professorial mudzimai Elena Andreevna (mutambo A. P. chehova kuti "Sekuru Vanya"). A gumi apfuura Chekhov akashandisa mutsara uyu mutambo "Baba".

Mashoko aya umire rokuti mutikitivha Irina Melnikova pamusoro Kuziviswa vanotyisa uye zvisinganzwisisiki mhosva. Zvinoita iri epilogue iri yokufungidzira Albert Likhanova "Broken Doll" sechinhu apererwa kuchemera kudzikisirana uye kuparadzwa mweya yevanhu. Konstantin Paustovsky anoshandisa dimikira iri vhidhiyo yokufungidzira "The Book reUpenyu. makore Early. " Writer Mamin-Siberian akada aya, tinoona zviri mu yokufungidzira yake "Chingwa", "Mamiriro Pepke upenyu", "Mamiriyoni Privalov kuti". Ikoko anoshanda Pisemsky, Leskov, Ogarev, Bulgakov.

Kunyanya sezvo dimikira iri rakasvika kuravidza venhau. Raishandiswa vakanyora zvekare (F. Bulgarin, Shestov nevamwe.), Unoda shongedza nyaya dzavo uye Headlines venhau ano.