Aseptic uye antiseptic.

Chirwere chepachivande uye chinonzi antiseptic inosanganiswa nezviito zvevashandi vezvechiremba vane chinangwa chekubvisa zvipembenene kubva kune zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa zvekurapa, chiremera chekushandisa, uye ganda. Uyewo, maitiro aya anobatsira kudzivirira kupinda kwevanorwara muhutano mumuviri wemurwere.

Kukosha kukuru kwakabatanidzwa nekudzivirira mafiritsi mumishonga. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekuchengetedzwa kwemurwere uye chiremba, pamwe chete nechiyi chekubudirira kurapwa. Chikonzero chekuvhiya kwose ndeye aseptic uye antiseptic, tsanangudzo iyo inonyanya kuratidza maitiro akakwana uye ane hutano hwevashandi vezvehutano.

Antiseptic inotarisirwa kuparadzwa kwechirwere chechirwere chemuviri womunhu wose. Iko kune marudzi akasiyana- siyana ehupikisa: muviri, mechanical, chemicals, biological.

Zviratidzo zvepanyama zvinotarirwa kudzorera kucheneswa kwepanyama kwehupenyu hwemakemikari (kubvisa ronda uye kuigeza nemagadzirirwo emagetsi). Zvichida mavanga ekuzarura akazaruka kuti aparadze midhi yemuviri inoshandiswa mabhakitiriya. Nekugadziriswa kwemasikisi kwezvinhu zvisiri izvo zvinogadziriswa, kubviswa kwemuviri wezvokudya kunowanikwawo, izvo zvinodzivirira kupararira kwebhakitiriya.

Ikemikari inorambidza - nzira yekuchenesa mishonga, iyo inoshandisa zvinodhaka zvebhakitiriya kana bactteriostatic action. Biological antiseptics inotungamirirwawo zvakananga pamakemikari kana tsvina yayo, nenzira isiri iyo kuburikidza nemuviri womunhu. Sezvakagadzirwa zvehupenyu zvekudzivirira mweya, antibiotics, bacteriophages, antitoxin anoshandiswa. Iboka iri remishonga harisi kungoparadza hutachiona uye marwadzo ayo, asiwo inokurudzira zvirwere zvemuviri zvemuviri kusvika pakuiswa kwemakemikari.

Aseptics uye antiseptics havakwanisi kuvhara zvipembenene zvepathogenic, asi pakuumba microflora. Pasina nzira idzi dzehutsanana , hapana kupindira mune zvekurapa kunogona kuitika. Nokudaro, aseptic uye antiseptic mukuvhiya inokosha zvikamu.

Aseptic inoshandiswa zvakananga muimba yekuvhiya, patafura yekushanda, uye inobvisa kukwanisa kwepathogenic microbial flora kupinda muchironda. Aseptic uye antiseptic inogona kusanganiswa kana kusanganiswa, i.e. Apo zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotungamirirwa pakunoparadzwa kwemugadziri wepathogenic. Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti kusanganiswa kwekusuruvara kunobatsira, nokuti Inotarirwa pamhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemaruva.

Muimba yekuvhiya kunofanira kunge yakakwana kusakwana, chete ipapo zvingava nemigumisiro yebasa racho inogona kuvimbiswa. Nyeredzi uye antiseptic haisi kungoita sarudzo chete, munda wokuvhiya uye ronda. Izvi zvakare kushandiswa kwakakwana kwemaoko echirembachire, kunyatsotarisira kune chiremba anoshanda panguva iyi. Chinokosha kurapwa kwemasvingo, pasi uye kuputira suture zvinhu. Kwemazuva ano, dambudziko rekushaya tsvina kwemakumbo ekuvhiya uye nenyuchi yakagadziriswa, nokuti Zvose izvi zvinoshandiswa uye zvinoputirwa mune rimwe firimu rakaoma.

Usakanganwa nezvekusaporesa kwevanga, nokuti kazhinji ndiyo inotangira chirwere. Kana kusati kwasara kuvharwa kwegonda kwaiva kwakaoma, kunyange kupisa uye kumisa muviri kwakashandiswa. Mukurapa kwemazuva ano, kune dzimwe nzira itsva uye dzakawanda dzokurapa maronda maronda uye ganda, zvinonyanya kubudirira kudarika vamwe vavo vekare.

Zvinonakidza kuti kwekutanga nguva inonzi antiseptic yakataurwa pamusoro paFrance apo musayendisiti Pasteur akawana kuti nekushandiswa kweimwe sarudzo uye zvinyorwa, kuregererwa kwemaronda kunoderera uye nzira yekuchenesa inokurumidza kukurumidza. Iyi nzira yakanga ine zvikanganiso zvakawanda nemigumisiro, asi ndiye iye akaisa nheyo ye aseptic uye antiseptic.