Kudzidza mumagariro kufunga Russia hazvibviri kuenda apfuura 40-ies remakore rechi19, apo pfungwa aumba Slavophiles uye dzokumadokero. kusawirirana kwavo havana pamusoro rokupedzisira remakore uye vachine enyika kukosha, kunyanya mu yezvichangobva kuitika.
The chadenga remakore rechi19
Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, Russia aiva nyika pamwe kunyika feudal kwadzinoita kugadzirwa, mukusiyana kuEurope, apo inofanira nenzvimbo capitalist Bourgeois ukama. Nokudaro, ikawanda upfumi backwardness yeRussian Empire, akapa nguva yokufungisisa kudiwa kuchinja. Kazhinji, vakatanga shure Peter pakutanga, asi migumisiro zvaiva zvishoma. Panguva iyoyowo Bourgeois ukama vakarwa nzira yavo Europe achishandisa nokumukirana, ropa uye mhirizhonga. Kurudzirai makwikwi, awedzera udzvanyiriri. Recent zvinhu kunge akafuridzirwa nhengo dzakawanda National munzanga pfungwa. Pane zvikuru anonzwisisika gakava nezveremangwana kukura munyika, zvikuru kuti vakamhanyira kubva kunyanyisa kuna madzimambo ari womukati nomutemo mumwe. Slavophiles uye dzokumadokero - mbiri pakatarisana nenzira Russia, asi munhu wose aifanira nacho kubudirira.
Achipindura kufamba Slavophiles
Anenge makore mazana maviri pakati okumusoro makirasi Russian wehurumende akanga aumba poklonnicheskoe atinoitwa Europe uye ayo kubudirira. Russia iri kuwedzera kushandurwa, kuedza kufanana Western nyika. A. S. Homyakov kutanga wapiwa chakaratidzwa pachena pfungwa pamusoro nzira inokosha kukura wehurumende yedu - pahwaro collectivism, izvo kunooneka pacharo mune mumaruwa munharaunda. Izvi hakubvisi kudiwa kusimbisa backwardness kwesimba uye kuenzana Europe. Around akaratidza zvichemo yakabatana nevafungi, kunyanya vanyori. Vakasvika pakuzivikanwa se Slavophiles. Dzokumadokero - rudzi mhinduro kune pamusoro kufamba. Vamiririri Westernism, kwakavakirwa pfungwa Georga Gegelya, akaona chete kuitika kukura zvose kunyika zvenyika.
Kwouzivi nheyo dzokumadokero
Munhoroondo repfungwa yevanhu wakaridza mubvunzo wakabvunzwa naPauro Gauguin: "isu Where To ???". Achitaura chikamu zvakanzi dzinounzwa nhatu dzinokosha maonero. Vamwe vakati inoderedza vanhu. Vamwe - zvinofamba mudenderedzwa, ndiko kuti, muna zvinogara. Vamwezve vakati kuti mberi. Dzokumadokero - ndivo nevafungi vanobatirira ekupedzisira maonero. Vaidavira kuti zvakaitika kare mberi, ane imwe Vector okukura, pamwe Europe mberi dzimwe kumatunhu nyika uye chinorondedzerwa nzira achaenda mamwe marudzi ose. Naizvozvo, nyika dzose, uyewo Russia, vanofanira kuisa pamusoro nebudiriro European ibudirire mune zvose okukurukura vanhu pasina anosara.
Against dzokumadokero Slavophiles
Saka, muna 40s remakore rechi19 yakanga Pfungwa yokurwisana "Slavophiles - dzokumadokero". A tafura kuenzanisa dzinokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero akanakisisa vanoratidza maonero avo kare uye ramangwana yeRussian wehurumende.
Ideas Slavophiles uye dzokumadokero | dzokumadokero | mibvunzo kuenzanisa | Slavophiles |
| dzibatane Europe | budiriro nzira | Identity, kunyanya |
| Shure ichienzaniswa munyika dzokuMadokero | Nzvimbo Russia | Haugoni enzanisa nezvimwe nyika |
| Positive, akapa kune nyika mberi | Ukama Peter ari kuchinja | Negative, akaparadza kupunduka iripo |
| YeParamende umambo, yepamutemo gadziriro kodzero dzevanhu nerusununguko | Zvematongerwo enyika weRussia | Autocracy, asi mhando yemadzitateguru simba. Simba mafungiro - vanhu (Zemsky Sobor), simba nemasimba - Mambo. |
| kunaka | Atinoitwa serfdom | kunaka |
vamiriri dzokumadokero
Basa rinokosha zvikuru Bourgeois kuchinja 60-70s taitamba dzokumadokero. Vamiririri yavose pfungwa dzakanga kwete chete pfungwa inspirers Vehurumende transformations, asi ivo pachavo vaiita kukura kwavo. Saka, kushingaira chinzvimbo chepamusoro Konstantin Kavelin, uyo akanyora "Note pamusoro nokubudiswa vanhuwo zvavo." Dasha Granovsky, mumwe purofesa wenhau, waitsigira kuenderera zvokuchinja akateya pasi mukuvamba nemasere remakore, Kujekerwa kuti kushingaira mutemo wehurumende. Around iye uye vakabatana vanhu wakadaro, izvo zvinosanganisira Turgenev, Botkin, M. Katkov, Vernadsky, B. Chicherin. Dzokumadokero pfungwa ndivo hwaro kupfuura mberi kuchinja remakore rechi19 - dzeutongi, iyo nheyo kwemitemo uye veruzhinji.
Njodzi dzokumadokero
It zvinowanzoitika kuti nedanho pakukura pasocial sangano iri mberi kwayo kusabatana, kureva paradzanisa. No kunze, uye dzokumadokero. Izvi unechekuita kusimbisa kukuru mapoka achiparidza echimurenga nzira kuchinja. Unosanganisira Belinsky, N. Ogarev, uye, chokwadi, Alexander sydäntä. Pane imwe nguva, zvakaitika slavophiles convergence uye dzokumadokero echimurenga vanodavira kuti kurima munharaunda zvinogona hwaro ramangwana mano vanhu. Asi haana kusarudza zvokuita. Kazhinji, pavanotaurirana pfungwa yepakutanga nzira okukura reRussia kukwira rinokosha yebudiriro edu munyika, uye kudiwa aifarira-Western nemunhu akaramba. Iye zvino, kamura iri kunyanya enyika bhora, izvo dzibude dzokumadokero. Vamiririri sangano iri nyasha kusangana kupinda European Union, achizviona senzira kubva Chipangamazano chaVa yebudiriro, dzaisanganisira asi munguva mugovanisi kuvakwa.