Dewar chinu kubvira XIX remakore kune chipo

Dzheyms Dyuar (1842-1923) akanga ari wokuScotland yefizikisi uye kemisiti aigara muLondon. Muupenyu hwake, akanga akakunda mibayiro yakawanda uye Medals kuita incredible mari zvakawanwa, zvakawanda zvacho vakaita basa rinokosha kukura sayenzi chaiwo. Pakati kubudirira vake wefizikisi anoonekwa mupiro kunooneka kuti adzidze richengetedzwe tembiricha ane mudziyo yaakasika, unonzi "Dewar". chikwata ichi rakagadzirirwa nekuchengeta yakasiyana zvinhu panguva yakakwirira kana kwakaderedza tembiricha.

History chokusika

The Dewar mudziyo ane upgraded shanduro mudziyo, iyo yakataurwa musayendisiti wokuGermany Veynholdom. Muchiitiko chino, ane Misiyano. Veynholda kuvamba ane chimiro girazi bhokisi vakavirikidza masvingo uye Dewar yekudyidzana achinja chivako. By Fananidzo pamwechete mupanda, zvakanga mudziyo huviri-namasvingo zvakare, mumwe Vacuum akasikwa pakati pamasvingo mudziyo, uye vakanga sirivha-kuifukidza, uye kuitira kuderedza kwemvura nemvura, mudziyo yave kujekesa huro.

kunyoresa

Pari, kugadzirwa Dewars asvika muindasitiri scale, sezvo vari kushandiswa chaizvo kwete chete mumaindasitiri siyana, asi muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti thermos anonziwo Dewar. Ichitaura indasitiri, pane aiwanzoshandisa Dewar midziyo mvura senitrogen nezvimwe kriozhidkostey. Uyewo, mudziyo uyu rinowanzoshandiswa wemhuka uye kwevanhu mushonga kuchengetera siyana zvoutachiona zvinhu.

Nekuti marudzi mudziyo zvinangwa zvakasiyana, uye ipapo vari kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana, asi nguva dzose usati kuisa zviri ari mudziyo, unofanira kuuya akakodzera tembiricha, kureva. E. Heat kana kuchitonhorera. The tembiricha ane pfuma iri mudziyo anodzokororwa nokuda zviviri: kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye uye kuitika naro kurongedza.

thermos

Kupfuura nomukurumbira uye yakakurumbira muchimiro Dewar ari thermos. Mukutanga XX remakore, Reinhold Burger dzakachinja zvishoma mudziyo kuti akakodzera mumhuri kushandiswa. The girazi chinu akaiswa resimbi casing, nokudaro zvichiita njodzi uye rakasimba, uye chivhariso, iyo yakaiswa pamusoro Dewar chinu chimiso akatsiviwa nechifukidziro.

Pakutanga, muvambi aitarisira kuti zano rakadaro rinoshandiswa kuchengetera zvokudya, asi nemhaka imwe thermos rava nevakawanda chaizvo nemhaka zvaaigona kwenguva refu kuchengeta tembiricha yacho chinwiwa. Afternoon thermos kuberekwa anogona kunzi 30 September 1903, nokuti pazuva iroro Burger akagamuchira bvumidzwa nokuda kuvamba ake akatanga kugadzirwa.

Kunyange zvazvo nyaya hazvirevi kuguma ikoko. Dewar, akanga adzidza kuti ive upgraded shanduro mudziyo kwayo vakagamuchira wezvokutengeserana kubudirira uye vakabatsira ukawana kwayo Burger, nyaya kudare. Asi nekuti ake mudziyo haana patented, dare harina kugutsa zvawaitaura.

Dewar mudziyo yakaitwa nemasayendisiti wokuScotland vakawana mukurumbira kwakapararira anenge pakarepo pashure pokunge aberekwa, uye kwete nahwo kusvikira nhasi. Vakawanda kushandiswa zvose bhizimisi uye muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, zvichiita rimwe anokosha dzokufungidzira yacho XIX remakore.