Derzhavin Estate Museum muSt Petersburg

Petersburg mavakirwo guta rekare rine muchengeti ngirozi yayo, zvaizova zvakaoma kutsanangura sei zvimwe zvivako vaigona ngazvichengetedzwe. Akapukunyuka chimurenga, hondo, kuregeredza uye dzimwe nguva vanhu chido kuparadzwa, guta akatiponesa kusiyana kwayo. Derzhavin Estate Museum muSt Petersburg, rakavakwazve kakawanda zvinodiwa dzazvino uye varidzi, asi akapona, uye vemazuva ano akagona kwete chete apfuure dzimba, asiwo kubata mbiri yaitonga.

House kuti nyanduri

Modern House Estate pamusoro Fontanka Derzhavin mudetembi akanga awana 1791. Chivako chiri pasi kuvakwa, zvaakapiwa mukana kugadzira uye kuronga zvokunyaradza Trim maererano manakiro vazvo itsva. Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin akakumbira kupedziswa ane mapurani, uye-refu nguva shamwari yake N. A. Lvovu, iye nomufaro vakasimudza nyaya.

The chikero kuvakwa yaiva nani guru, kunze pakupera vakaronga sehofisi. By 1794 yakaguma okugadziridza basa iri pfuma, vakanga yakatsiga uye kicheni racho uye kuvakwa iyo akitekiti Pilnyak. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti hositesi Ekaterina Yakovlevna Derzhavina vakaisa mwoyo yavo mumba nenguva pakupera mabasa ose rwakafawo. Pashure iye akasiya uchapupu hwake aitya maitiro kuti musha mutsva. Achida kuvaka dendere mhuri, asi panguva imwe chete nezvematambudziko akaoma zvemari, akanga kushuma mari ose "Book of mutengo mari nokuda ibwe imba. Sezvo August 1791 ".

Akagara mumba iri Fontanka, Derzhavin akauita inokosha yakapoteredza. Pakutanga kwezana 18-19 emakore, imba yaiva nemukurumbira mutsa uye kwainzi musimboti tsika. Kubva 1811 mu "Dance Hall" wenhaka aigara wakaitwa mabhuku kuverengwa, musangano wakadaro vanhu. Pakupera muzana remakore rechi18 Museum-kuchamuka Derzhavina akawedzera pachikuva, waiva kushongedzera mumba. The nezvinobvamo nhengo dzemhuri vakatora chikamu, pedyo neshamwari uye inonyatsozivikanwa vatambi nyanzvi nguva yake.

mashiripiti mubindu

Kuwedzera kune urongwa pakuvaka uye kushongedzwa mumba murongedzeri kuti basa raiva mumunda kuvandudza necheseri. mapichisi, pineapples, etc. Part kwenyika dzinounzwa nokuda greenhouses apo zvikure rudo kupisa-miti, zvekumwe michero, maruva - .. dzakawanda greenhouses, chimwe nechimwe mapfumo tsika chiratidzo wenhumbi urongwa. Rakanga pane guru kicheni mapindu, izvo kumorwa chinyakare zvirimwa (nembatatisi, turnips, beets, pizi, magaka, radishes, etc.).

Lviv mapurani hwaibatanidzwawo mumunda uye vakasarudzwa miti akavhuniwa. Maererano nechirongwa ake mumunda anofanira kwazvo puranga kuti zvikuru imba. Mupaki vakanga miti akadai basswood, Maple, Birch, pomuouki, etc. yaisanganisira Garden wakashongedzwa manyorerwo lilacs uye Jasmine, uyewo mamwe dzose -. Cranberry, rosehips, honeysuckle. Flower mubhedha raibatanidza akawanda bulbous, chisingawanzowaniki panguva iyoyo, tsika - hyacinths, maruva, daffodils, dzakawanda dzakasiyana vakasimuka mumakwenzi vakanga wakadyarwa.

Catholic kumwedzi

Pakafa varidzi miziyamu-yavatezvara Derzhavin muna St.Petersburg yakanga isina kwemakore akawanda. Roman Catholic Theological College kuwana ari muimba muna 1846. Nekuti zvakafunga sangano asingadi tinodawo youmbozha vakasununguka dzimba, saka ndakatanga basa redevelopment. Vakanga vakatakura kubva pasi pokudzora ezvivako NDIRI Gornostaeva uye VI Sobolschikova.

Maererano nematambudziko matsva, Derzhavin Estate Museum akagamuchira nechimwe uriri pamusoro peimba uye outbuildings, zvakakwidzwa muvharanda, France magadzirirwo zvakachinja. The omukati vakarasikirwa dzavo huru huru manera, dzimwe dzimba vacho rusvingo nezvimwe kuchinja. Gare gare yakaparadzwa sezvo okushamisira girinihausi uye kuvakwa wesangano kubvuma wemhandara Mariya (Makore 1870-1873) akudzivisa munda mapindu uye vakawanda yomumunda.

Munguva nekutambira nguva Museum-kuchamuka Derzhavin rakavakwazve kanoverengeka. Saka, muna 1901 zvaida kupedzisa vose mapapiro uriri wechitatu, basa rinoitwa mapurani L. P. Shishko.

Revolution uye dzimba dambudziko

Pashure Revolution, kubva muna 1918 kusvika 1924, kubva miziyamu-pfuma G. R. Derzhavina akanga vasina akavatarisa, zviremera kugona kuwana chinangwa kushandiswa nokuti. Zvadaro kwakasarudzwa kuuya naye imwe imba kuti zvachose vakasara zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa. Imba dzine vanhu vakawanda, izvozvo akatora itsva partition varimi kuti tiite kugadzirisa pachavo nezvavanokwanisa.

The madziva mupaki ikazara ne 1935. Garden Manor kugara kuva kwatangwa, umo kumhara kwakaitika pasina chinhu chirongwa kana pfungwa. Saka mamiriro ezvinhu akapfuurira kwenguva refu, pamwe muSt Petersburg kunogona kuwanikwa vanhu vaigara munharaunda mudzimba. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi20 mune pfuma dzemapazi vakanga vakawanda makambani uye akawanda dzinogarwa Apartments, yepasi dzimba munhu nekukwirira 2.5 metres kwemakore yave dzinozara nemvura. Chisarudzo pamusoro pokudzorerwa uye kuchinjwa mapurani nhaka pakati Mufambiro Pushkin Museum yakaitwa muna 1998.

miziyamu chinzvimbo

Museum-Estate Derzhavin uye Russian Literature yakavhurwa 2003 mushure basa kudzorerwa pose huru chivakwa. gumi nezvitanhatu chete makamuri, izvo restorers akaedza recreate sezvo kunyatsotevera sezvinobvira mamiriro yeimba Derzhavin raiva akazaruka. Takavimba uchapupu uye kurondedzerwa vomunguva, vasara zvinyorwa nyanduri.

Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana munyika paiva zvechokwadi zvimedu midziyo kubva wemunda: chikamu yakapiwa All-Russian Museum of Pushkin, zvimwe zvinhu zvaiendeswa sehofisi kuchengetera ari Tretyakov Gallery, uye zvimwe zvitoro zvakawanda. The imba Derzhavina anozvikudza kuratidzira dhesiki zvechokwadi, achinyora nyanduri mudziyo, unogona kuona zvakawanda munyori signings, pachavo zvinhu uye yakakurumbira mufananidzo wehondo Tonci bhurasho imba.

Restoration basa rakaramba kusvikira 2007 uye kwakaguma kuvhurika musha yemitambo huru pakuvaka uye mapapiro maviri. Navo musimboti muviri zvakabatana nokuda wakafukidzwa maberere, bapiro rimwe nerimwe rine zita raro, nhaka kubva pakutanga kunzvimbo -. Kitchen, Stables, etc. zvino vari kuratidzwa maberere uye konzati dzokusanganira.

Kubva 2009 kusvika 2011 rwaiitwa basa kudzorerwa mupaki. On the Vakapona hwaro akazviratidza zvakare ine girinihausi, mubindu vakaita kundoongororwa uye Re-vakasikwa ayo dzakaitika pakuonekwa, apo musimboti nzvimbo inoremekedzwa yakakura wemarudzi, Makaridza Creek kamwe zvakare, madziva vatatu vakadzorerwa.

kwezvivako

Derzhavin Estate Museum nhasi - anoyevedza kunzwisisa. Zvinosanganisira:

• Central chivakwa. Inside the miziyamu pamusoro G. R. Derzhavina uye mabhuku Russian nguva yaro. Pane muAtlantic zvachose kuratidzwa, pane 16 makamuri pamusoro pamapuriro maviri.
• East dzimba. Uriri wokutanga inogarwa zvachose kuratidza "Varidzi Lira Russian. By G. R. Derzhavina -. Kuna A. S. Pushkinu " Chechipiri, wechitatu Uriri koka vashanyi kuti pashoo dzimba dzose miziyamu pakati Pushkin, rine zvinhu kuti haana kuiswawo pakati zvachose kuratidza.
• West Building. Pasi pasi - kuratidzwa "The National Pushkin Museum. Mapeji History "(kuramba). Panhurikidzwa yechipiri pane dzimba dzakawanda naHama recitals uye misangano, muchimhanya nhau centre ine muunganidzwa nemamwe zvinhu. Panhurikidzwa yechitatu unogona kushanyira zvachose kuratidza "The chena Gloss porcelain", pano zvakare pane dzakawanda inoratidzirwa dzimba, izvo aigara inopiwa kubasa vatenzi kubva siyana nguva, kusanganisira venguva yedu.
• Home mitambo. Paruvanze dzinoitwa reconstructive zvesimba, navarongo uye misangano okusika.
• Manor Garden. Maererano paki inoitwa dzinoyevedza Tours, uyewo paki iri kushandiswa panze konzati vakatozodzokera navarongo uye chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo zvesimba.
• Central girinihausi. Pashure pokudzorerwa aiva mamwe mabasa, nhasi kuverengwa zvinoitiswa pano, navarongo manheru uye hurukuro.
• Hotel. Zvayaiva pamusoro munharaunda wenhaka zvakaoma ari muenzi mumba, richienda riri kugadziriswa mweya classicism ane yakazara vanochengeta okunyaradza ano.

kuratidzira zvachose

Derzhavin Estate Museum (St. Petersburg) anokukoka kushanyira zvachose kuratidzira:

• "Varidzi Lira Russian. By G. R. Derzhavina -. Kuna A. S. Pushkinu " Munguva revashanyi, vashanyi kuzivana naye kwamagwaro zvechokwadi Portraits mabhuku, uzivi, nemabhuku anobudiswa nguva 18-19 emakore, anoshanda ounyanzvi. Pakati rarities mumwe mavhoriyamu ari "Encyclopedia of Diderot uye d'Alembert," vanovengwa decoration art. Mari matikiti nevakura - 200 rubles vadzidzi uye pensioners -. 100 rubles, nokuti vadzidzi kusvikira makore 16 -. 60 rubles.
• "In chena Gloss porcelain." The kwamagwaro riri akawanda mudzimba. Wokutanga chinomiririrwa porcelain kwose 17-18 emakore Chinese chikoro. Vamwe vanopiwa pasi Russian porcelain kugadzirwa siyana manufactures. The mimwe nyaya yacho Imperial porcelain Factory, private mafekitari. Yokupinda nokuti vakuru - 120 rubles, nokuti pensioners uye vadzidzi - .. From 60 rubles, vana pasi pemakore 16, kupinda pashoo pasina kutungamirirwa Tours mahara.

Uyewo ari miziyamu vari dzinoyevedza Tours: "Kushanyira tenzi weimba", "Derzhavin uye mumhanzi", "Ndakanzwa iwe nguva yokutanga ...", nzvimbo dzinoyevedza vachiratidzwa wemunda mapindu uye nevamwe.

dzidzo basa

The miziyamu-kuchamuka Derzhavina vakaperekedza pokutsvakurudza mabasa, akakudziridza uye rakatangwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvirongwa vadzidzi vemazera ose. Chirongwa "Kuenda ne katsi musi Petersburg masayendisiti Pushkin kuti" ichaitwa kunze miziyamu, pfungwa vadzidzi vaduku. Munguva revashanyi, vadzidzi tinyatsoziva nhoroondo guta, vana ane vatambi muchimiro chinoratidza kushanda yeguta iri basa nyanduri.

The mutambo "Derzhavinskaya Cuisine" inopa tinyatsoziva upenyu mudziyo mumakore nyanduri upenyu, mutungamiriri anoratidza zvinhu zvezuva nezuva, anoudza nevira mudziyo, uye zvakawanda, kwete zvishoma kunakidza. Chirongwa rakagadzirirwa pakati chikoro zera.

Mune zvombo zviri miziyamu uye vashandi vayo izere zvirongwa yemunyori kuti mukwanisi dzidzo chikoro, kubatsira vofarira mabhuku uye mabhuku Russian. Vakuru vachawanawo yakawanda itsva.

anobatsira mashoko

All-Russian Pushkin Museum ine matavi matanhatu, zvinosanganisira Derzhavin Estate Museum. Fontanka rombo vanhu kamwe, uye ikozvino kune yakawanda pazvivako, chinokwezva zvizvarwa uye vagari dzimwe nyika.

Kubata kusvika nguva Derzhavin, Pushkin, Nekrasov, kunoshanyira miziyamu dzimba, uye vakatapa nhoroondo yechokwadi. Museum-Estate Derzhavina kero iri sezvinotevera: ari embankment of Fontanka River, maumbirwo 118.