Coding dzemakaseti okuteerera mashoko

Chero muitiro unogona chaizvoizvo mudzoke kunyika digitaalinen muchimiro. Saka, yeEncoding dzemakaseti okuteerera ruzivo Via makombiyuta rinoitwa sezvinotevera:

- mhepo vibrations yakanyorwa tisanzwe mano;

- akaurayiwa kutendeuka ive Magetsi, sezvamakaropafadzwa kakawanda (amplitude) zvinyamusi zvinoenderana;

- kunoguma uno iri vakatora, i.e. pane ayo zvakabudiswa (dzimwe nguva kutaura munoiswa binary yeEncoding zvakarekodhwa ruzivo).

The zvichiguma analoginen yemagetsi chepakutanga Audio aibuda nani, dzakanga kakawanda pakati ivhu ari zvakabudiswa uye Coding kudzika.

Nemamwe mashoko, yeEncoding of okuteerera mashoko - chinhu yaizivikanwa muitiro rokutendeutsa analoginen Mureza dzakawanda kupinda digital, akaronga kuti humwe kubudiswa akakodzera mudziyo. Ngatikurukurei matanho uye nzira digitizing inzwi.

Discretization nguva puranga - ndiyo hwaro digitizing. Maererano Kotel'nikova theorem no, kuti analogue zvemagetsi chiratidzo inogona digitized nokuverenga rimwe danho chinoramba munhevedzano tsika yayo amplitude. The kakawanda kuverengwa dzakadaro vanofanira kuva kanenge kaviri muganhu kakawanda huru chiratidzo. Kana zvakakodzera, digitizing analogue "bhuku romutemo" kuti uchishandisa kakawanda 0-20 kHz zvakabudiswa yaifanira kwete asingasviki zviuru 40. Times paminiti wechipiri (40 kHz). Zvakabudiswa zvinoreva nhamba kuyerwa por yechipiri analoginen chiratidzo kupi (zvakabudiswa, kuti zvakabudiswa maitikiro). With kuwedzera mharidzo inowedzera kwete chete unhu asiwo Vhoriyamu zvichiguma date rukova.

Uyewo, Audio mashoko Coding anogona kuitwa mune dzimwe nzira. Sezvo, somuenzaniso, kubudikidza digitizing ari nonuniform quantizer, dzimwe nguva inonzi theorem. Kana kushandisa yose amplitude siyana conditionally muzvikamu dzakakwirira uye pasi tsika. Uyezve yeEncoding Audio mashoko kunoitika nokushandisa yakawanda quantization siyana munzvimbo duku amplitude ukoshi (ndiEzekieri). Zvisinei, cherechedza kuti uwandu zvese inoramba zvakafanana mune yunifomu quantization nzira (PCM).

An zvakasiyana zvachose nzira iri rakatangwa muna imwe nzira yeEncoding nzira. Inonzi "Differential Pulse Code Kusiyanisa» (DPCM). With nzira yakadaro haina pasi quantization pamusoro amplitude pamusoro yakananga chiratidzo uye kukosha kwaro. Somugumisiro zvinobvira kuti vabudirire rutapudzo bhuku maigara data, sezvo mashandiro ari vakavhiyiwa unozotevera Kufembera pakutanga chiratidzo ivhu.

The Coding uye kubudiswa Audio ruzivo anorondedzerwa bepa iri zvinoda kuita kutendeutsa "analoginen-kuti-digitaalinen". Izvi rinoitwa kushandisa imwe ADC (analoginen-to-digitaalinen convert). With mashandiro ichi, mudziyo mumwe nomumwe anotarisana zuva muridzi kombiyuta vakapakata ruzha kadhi (mu iyi pane neizvi muitiro - kugamuchira analoginen chiratidzo kubva digitaalinen rukova).

ADC mabasa ndeinotevera:

- shoma Frequency bandwidth. Achishandisa filters, chiratidzo hurongwa dzinobviswa, kakawanda iyo - vanopfuura hafu zvakabudiswa kakawanda (chikonzero zvambotaurwa).

- Selection of amplitude tsika panguva nenguva. The zvichiguma analoginen chiratidzo iri hunomiririrwa kutevedzana kwezviitiko matomu vasina kunosiyana kuchinyanya (discretization).

- Replacement zvakawanda vakagamuchira matomu dzavo dzepedyo netsika kubva yakamisirwa yakatarwa (quantization).

- Change nomumwe quantized kukosha Zvimiso nhamba quantization siyana (neimwe ukoshi - nhamba yacho Serial). Ndiyo okupedzisira padanho digitization.